Term
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Definition
| while under anesthesia, this tube is placed into an animal's "windpipe" |
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Term
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Definition
| also called external nares |
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Term
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Definition
| this cavity is separated from the mouth by the hard and soft palates |
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Term
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Definition
| each nasal passage is divided by two _____ bones into three channels or _____ |
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Term
| Maxillary, frontal, sphenoidal, palatine, lacrimal |
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Definition
| 2 of the 5 sinuses found in farm animals |
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Term
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Definition
| a common passageway for food and air |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for Eustachian tubes |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for the voice box |
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Term
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Definition
| the thyroid cartilage in humans makes up the _____ |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder caused by a paralysis of the muscles that abduct the arytenoid cartilages in horses |
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Term
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Definition
| the cartilage that controls the pitch of the voice |
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Term
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Definition
| also called the windpipe or air tube |
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Term
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Definition
| the windpipe divides into two chief _____, one for each lung |
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Term
| Alveoli/Alveolus (Singular) |
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Definition
| the smallest subdivisions of the air passages in the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| in most farm animals, there are _____ lobes to the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| the left lung has _____ lobes in cows, sheep and pigs |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition where air gained entrance into the pleural cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| a lipoprotein complex produced by alveolar epithelial cells to reduce surface tension of the fluid lining the small air sacs of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| the junction of the two pleura sacs near the midline of the thorax forming a double layer |
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Term
| Heart, thymus gland, lymph nodes, aorta |
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Definition
| 2 examples of anatomical structures located between the two layers of pleura near the midline of the thorax |
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Term
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Definition
| pleura that lines the thorax |
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Term
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Definition
| pleura that covers the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| pleura that covers the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| dome-shaped musculomembranous partition of the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ respiration - where oxygen from the blood is diffused to the tissues for cellular oxidation and the resulting carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| small hair-like structures which protect the lungs from damage by moving small particles back up the windpipe |
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Term
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Definition
| measure the number of breaths per minute |
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Term
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Definition
| in general, females breathe _____ than males of the same species |
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Term
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Definition
| the air that remains in the airways after maximal forced expiration, and so cannot be removed |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum of vital capacity plus the residual volume |
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Term
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Definition
| the volume of air moving in and out during normal quiet breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximal volume that can be inspired after a maximal expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| regulation of breathing control center lies somewhere in the _____ of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| average breaths/minute for humans |
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Term
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Definition
| average breaths/minute for dogs |
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Term
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Definition
| average breaths/minute for cats |
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Term
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Definition
| average breaths/minute for horses |
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Term
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Definition
| average breaths/minute for cows |
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Term
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Definition
| a serious sac that partially surrounds the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that contains the heart and aorta and esophagus and trachea and thymus |
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Term
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Definition
| the outer serous covering of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| thick muscular layer of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| receives unoxygenated blood (part of the heart) |
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Term
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Definition
| also called the mitral valve |
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Term
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Definition
| also called the right A-V valve |
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Term
| Pulmonary semilunar valve |
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Definition
| located at junction of pulmonary artery and right ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| large blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart from the lower extremities and abdominal region |
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Term
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Definition
| smallest blood vessels allowing only a single blood cell to pass at a time |
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Term
| Pulmonary semilunar valve |
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Definition
| valve prevents backflow of blood into right ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| largest artery in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| superficial veins along the neck of all animals |
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Term
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Definition
| blood drained from the stomach, spleen, pancreas and intestines is filtered through this are before it enters the general circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| connects the right and left atria in the fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| connects the pulmonary artery and aorta in the fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| term meaning to ingest (as in bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| system that eats up fragile, worn-out red blood cells that break up in passing through the spleen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| phase of the cardiac cycle where the heart is relaxed just prior to and during the filling of the chamber |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the contraction of a chamber of the heart (phase) |
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Term
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Definition
| narrowing of vessel caused by a thickening or presence of scar tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the lining of the heart |
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Term
| Sino-atrial node / pacemaker |
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Definition
| heartbeat originates in the _____ of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| modified cardiac muscle fibers which carry the contraction impulses in the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| shock caused by histamine release in reaction to allergic response |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| immature red blood cells with nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
| jaundice is caused by an excess amount of this accumulating in the vascular system |
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Term
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Definition
| found in the red blood cell and responsible for its ability to transport oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| also called prussic acid poisoning |
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Term
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Definition
| cattle grazing highly fertilized rank plant growth can develop _____ poisoning |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ = breakdown of red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disorder meaning without blood |
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Term
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Definition
-also called hematocrit value
-measure the percentage (by volume) of whole blood that is constituted by red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used to measure actual red blood cell count |
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Term
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Definition
| also called blood platelets |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of white blood cell used in the first line of defense against infection by engulfing the bacteria or necrotic tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| type of white blood cell that increases in numbers with infection of parasites |
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Term
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Definition
| largest of the white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| white blood cell that responds to antigens by forming antibodies that circulate in the blood |
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Term
| Differential leukocyte count |
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Definition
| a _____ is made by spreading a drop of whole blood thinly on a glass slide to form a blood smear. After staining the slide is examined with a microscope and the number of white blood cells of each kind is tabulated |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormally low number of white blood cells characteristic of a viral infection |
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Term
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Definition
| progressive proliferation of abnormal white blood cells found in blood producing tissues and the blood itself |
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Term
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Definition
| the most abundant protein in plasma |
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Term
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Definition
| is a beta-1-globulin essential in the clotting mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| a plasma protein synthesized when cells are stimulated by antigens thus providing antibodies to neutralize them or help break them down |
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Term
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Definition
| supernatant yellow fluid expressed when blood clots in a test tube |
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Term
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Definition
| when too much CO2 is removed from the blood this condition results |
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Term
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Definition
| when too much CO2 is in the blood this condition results |
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Term
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Definition
| the umbilical veins contain blood _____ in oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| these structures are scattered along the course of lymphatic vessels which serve as filters and act as one of the first body defenses against infection |
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