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Definition
| The information gathered by the nervous system's sensory receptors. |
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| Processing and interpreting sensory input and deciding what should be done at each moment. |
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| A response that is caused by activating effector organs. |
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| Consists of the brain and spinal cord, which occupy the dorsal body cavity. |
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| Peripheral Nervous System |
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Definition
| The part of the nervous system outside of the CNS, consists mainly of the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord. |
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| Consists of nerve fibers that convey impulses to the central nervous system from sensory receptors located throughout the body. |
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| Transmits impulses from the CNS to effector organs, which are the muscles and glands. |
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| Compsed of somatic motor nerve fibers that conduct impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles. |
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| Consists of visceral motor nerve fibers that regulate the activity of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands. |
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Definition
| The small cells that neurons associate with. |
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Definition
| Promineces or projections. |
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Definition
| Branching neuron process that serves as a receptive, or input, region; transmits an electrical signal toward the cell body. |
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Definition
| Neuron process that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body; efferent process; the conducting portion of a nerve cell. |
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Definition
| Fatty insulating sheath that surrounds all but the smallest nerve fibers. |
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Definition
| The gaps in the sheath between Schwann Cells. |
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Definition
| Regions of the brain and spinal cord containing dense collections of myelinated fibers. |
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Definition
| Contains mostly nerve cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers. |
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Definition
| Have three or more processes. The most common neuron type in humans, and the major neuron type in the CNS. |
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Definition
| Have two process, and axon and a dendrite, that extend from opposite sides of the cell body. They are rare neurons that are found in some of the special sense organs. |
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Definition
| Have a single short process that emerges from the cell body and divides the T-like into proximal and distal branches. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lie between motor and sensory neurons in neural pathways and shuttle signals through CNS pathways where integration occurs. |
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Term
| Resting Membrane Potential |
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Definition
| The voltage that exists across the plasma membrane during the resting state of an excitable cell; rabges from -90 to -20 millivolts depending on cell type. |
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Term
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Definition
| A reduction in membrane potential: The inside of the membrane becomes less negative than the resting potential. |
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Definition
| Occurs when the membrane potential increases, becoming more negative than the resting potential. |
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Definition
| Short-lived, localized changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarizations or hyperpolarizations. |
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Definition
| A brief reversal of membrane potential with a total amplitude of about 100mV. |
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Definition
| Movement of the membrane potential to the initial resting state. |
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Definition
| A junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron to the next or from a neuron to an effector cell. |
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Definition
| The neuron conducting impulses toward the synapse. |
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Definition
| The neuron transmitting the electical signal away from the synapse. |
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Definition
| Specialized to allow the flow of ions between neurons. |
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Definition
| Specialized for release and reception of chemical neurotransmitters. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical messenger released by neurons that may, upon binding to receptors of neurons or effector cells, stimulate or inhibit those neurons or effector cells. |
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Definition
| One incoming fiber triggers responses in ever-increasing numbers of neurons farther and farther along the circut. |
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Term
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Definition
| The pool receives inputs from several presynaptic neurons, and the circut has a funneling effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| The incoming signal travels through a chain of neurons, each of which makes collateral synapses with neurons in a previous part of the pathway. |
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Term
| Parallel After-Discharge Circuts |
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Definition
| The incoming fiber stimulates several neurons arranged in parallel arrays that eventually stimulate a common output cell. |
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