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Anatomical Med Term Ch 1-4
Medical Terminology
236
Medical
Undergraduate 1
08/02/2009
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Term
derm
 Definition
skin
Term
nephr
 Definition
kidney
Term
cutane
 Definition
skin
Term
or
 Definition
mouth
Term
-stomy
 Definition
to create an opening (mouth)
Term
ren
 Definition
kidney
Term
erythr
 Definition
red
Term
gastr
 Definition
stomach
Term
hepat
 Definition
liver
Term
oste
 Definition
bone
Term
a-
 Definition
without
Term
hyper-
 Definition
excessive, above normal
Term
intra-
 Definition
in, within
Term
macro-
 Definition
large
Term
micro-
 Definition
small
Term
-cyte
 Definition
cell
Term
-centesis
 Definition
surgical puncture
Term
-clasis
 Definition
to break; surgical fracture
Term
-desis
 Definition
binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)
Term
-ectomy
 Definition
excision, removal
Term
-lysis
 Definition
separation; destruction, loosening
Term
-pexy
 Definition
fixation (of an organ)
Term
-plasty
 Definition
surgical repair
Term
-rrhaphy
 Definition
suture
Term
-tome
 Definition
instrument to cut
Term
-tomy
 Definition
incision
Term
-tripsy
 Definition
crushing
Term
-gram
 Definition
record of, writing
Term
-graph
 Definition
instrument for recording
Term
-graphy
 Definition
process of recording
Term
-meter
 Definition
instrument for measuring
Term
-metry
 Definition
act of measuring
Term
-scope
 Definition
instrument for examining
Term
-algia
 Definition
pain
Term
-dynia
 Definition
pain
Term
-cele
 Definition
hernia, swelling
Term
-ectasis
 Definition
dilation, expansion
Term
-edema
 Definition
swelling
Term
-emesis
 Definition
vomiting
Term
-emia
 Definition
blood condition
Term
-gen
 Definition
forming, producing, origin
Term
-genesis
 Definition
forming, producing, origin
Term
-iasis
 Definition
abnormal condition
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
-lith
 Definition
stone, calculus
Term
-malacia
 Definition
softening of
Term
-megaly
 Definition
enlargement
Term
-oma
 Definition
tumor
Term
-osis
 Definition
abnormal condition; increase
Term
-pathy
 Definition
disease
Term
-penia
 Definition
decrease; deficiency
Term
-phagia
 Definition
eating, swallowing
Term
-phasia
 Definition
speech
Term
-phobia
 Definition
fear
Term
-plasia
 Definition
formation; growth
Term
-plasm
 Definition
formation; growth
Term
-plegia
 Definition
paralysis
Term
-rrhage, -rrhagia
 Definition
bursting (of)
Term
-rrhea
 Definition
discharge; flow
Term
-rrhexis
 Definition
rupture
Term
-spasm
 Definition
involuntary contraction; twitching
Term
-stenosis
 Definition
narrowing; stricture
Term
-toxic
 Definition
poison
Term
-trophy
 Definition
nourishment; development
Term
-iatry
 Definition
medicine; treatment
Term
-ician
-ist
 Definition
specialist
Term
-icle
-ole
-ule
 Definition
small; minute
Term
pre-
 Definition
before
Term
nat
 Definition
birth
Term
peri-
 Definition
around
Term
post-
 Definition
after
Term
epi-
 Definition
above; upon
Term
hypo-
 Definition
under, below; deficient
Term
infra-
 Definition
under, below
Term
sub-
 Definition
under, below
Term
inter-
 Definition
between
Term
post-
 Definition
after; behind
Term
pro-
 Definition
before; in front of
Term
retro-
 Definition
backward; behind
Term
bi-
 Definition
two
Term
dipl-
diplo-
 Definition
double
Term
hemi-
 Definition
one half
Term
hyper-
 Definition
excessive; above normal
Term
mono-
 Definition
one
Term
uni-
 Definition
one
Term
multi-
 Definition
many, much
Term
poly-
 Definition
many, much
Term
primi-
 Definition
first
Term
quadri-
 Definition
four
Term
tri-
 Definition
three
Term
ab-
 Definition
from; away from
Term
ad-
 Definition
toward
Term
circum-
 Definition
around
Term
dia-
 Definition
through; across
Term
trans-
 Definition
through; across
Term
ecto-
 Definition
outside; outward
Term
exo-
 Definition
outside; outward
Term
extra-
 Definition
outside; outward
Term
endo-
 Definition
in; within
Term
intra-
 Definition
in; within
Term
para-
 Definition
near, beside; beyond
Term
super-
 Definition
upper; above
Term
supra-
 Definition
above; excessive; superior
Term
ultra-
 Definition
excess; beyond
Term
a-
an-
 Definition
without; not
Term
anti-
 Definition
against
Term
contra-
 Definition
against
Term
brady-
 Definition
slow
Term
dys-
 Definition
bad; painful, difficult
Term
eu-
 Definition
good; normal
Term
hetero-
 Definition
different
Term
homo-
homeo-
 Definition
same
Term
mal-
 Definition
bad
Term
pan-
 Definition
all
Term
pseudo-
 Definition
false
Term
syn-
 Definition
union; together, joined
Term
tachy-
 Definition
rapid
Term
cytoplasm
 Definition
gel-like substance contained within the cell membrane surrounding the nucleus
Term
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
 Definition
molecule that holds genetic information and makes an exact copy of itself during cell division
Term
diagnosis
 Definition
identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, test results, etc.
Term
etiology
 Definition
study of the causes of disease
Term
ideopathic
 Definition
pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis, or disease without recognizable cause
Term
metabolism
 Definition
chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism and produce energy and basic materials needed for life processes
Term
prognosis
 Definition
prediction of the course and end of diseases, and estimated chance of recovery
Term
sign
 Definition
any objective evidence or manifestation of an illness or a disordered function of the body
Term
symptom
 Definition
any change in the body or its functions perceived by the patient
Term
histology
 Definition
study of tissues
Term
superior
 Definition
toward the top (head) of the body
Term
posterior
 Definition
toward the back of the body
Term
anterior
 Definition
toward the front of the body
Term
midsagittal (median plane)
 Definition
plane that divides the body into right and left halves
Term
coronal (frontal) plane
 Definition
divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) halves
Term
transverse (horizontal) plane
 Definition
divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves
Term
dorsal cavity
 Definition
contains cranial and spinal cavities, which house the brain and spinal cord
Term
ventral cavity
 Definition
contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Term
cranial cavity
 Definition
dorsal. contains the brain
Term
spinal cavity
 Definition
dorsal. contains the spinal cord
Term
thoracic cavity
 Definition
ventral. contains the heart, lungs and associated structure
Term
abdominopelvic cavity
 Definition
ventral. contains the digestive, excretory and reproductive organs and structures
Term
diaphragm
 Definition
muscular wall that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
Term
four quadrants of the abdomen
 Definition
patient's right upper, left upper, right lower and left lower quarters of the lower torso.
Term
left hypochondriac region
 Definition
left upper region beneath the ribs
Term
epigastric region
 Definition
region above the stomach
Term
right hypochondriac region
 Definition
upper right region beneath the ribs
Term
left lumbar region
 Definition
left middle lateral region
Term
umbilical region
 Definition
region of the navel
Term
right lumbar region
 Definition
right middle lateral region
Term
left inguinal (iliac) region
 Definition
left lower lateral region
Term
hypogastric region
 Definition
lower middle region below the navel
Term
right inguinal (iliac) region
 Definition
right lower lateral region
Term
cervical
 Definition
neck
Term
thoracic
 Definition
chest
Term
lumbar
 Definition
loin
Term
sacral
 Definition
lower back
Term
coccyx
 Definition
tailbone
Term
abduction
 Definition
movement away from the median plane of the body or one of its parts
Term
adduction
 Definition
movement toward the median plane of the body
Term
medial
 Definition
pertaining to the midline of the body or a structure
Term
lateral
 Definition
pertaining to a side
Term
proximal
 Definition
nearer to the center (trunk of body) or to a point of attachment
Term
distal
 Definition
further from the center (trunk of the body) or from a point of attachment
Term
parietal
 Definition
pertaining to the outer wall of a body cavity
Term
visceral
 Definition
pertaining to the viscera (internal organs) especially in the abdomen
Term
prone
 Definition
lying horizontal, face downward (or indicating the hand with palms down)
Term
supine
 Definition
lying on the back with the face upward (or indicating the hand or foot, palm up)
Term
inversion
 Definition
turning inward or inside-out
Term
eversion
 Definition
turning outward
Term
palmar
 Definition
pertaining to the palm of the hand
Term
plantar
 Definition
pertaining to the sole of the foot
Term
superficial
 Definition
toward the surface of the body
Term
deep
 Definition
away from the surface of the body (internal)
Term
hist/o
 Definition
tissue
Term
nucle/o
 Definition
nucleus
Term
kary/o
 Definition
nucleus
Term
anter/o
 Definition
anterior, front
Term
caud/o
 Definition
posterior, tail
Term
crani/o
 Definition
cranium, skull
Term
dist/o
 Definition
far, farthest
Term
dors/o
 Definition
back (of the body)
Term
infer/o
 Definition
lower, below
Term
later/o
 Definition
side
Term
medi/o
 Definition
middle
Term
poster/o
 Definition
back of the body, behind, posterior
Term
proxim/o
 Definition
near, nearest
Term
ventr/o
 Definition
belly, belly side
Term
abdomin/o
 Definition
abdomen
Term
cervic/o
 Definition
neck, or neck of the uterus
Term
ili/o
 Definition
ilium (lateral, flaring portion of the hip bone)
Term
inguin/o
 Definition
groin
Term
lumb/o
 Definition
loins, lower back
Term
umbilic/o
 Definition
navel
Term
pelv/i or pelv/o
 Definition
pelvis
Term
spin/o
 Definition
spine
Term
thorac/o
 Definition
chest
Term
albin/o
 Definition
white
Term
leuk/o
 Definition
white
Term
chlor/o
 Definition
green
Term
chrom/o
 Definition
color
Term
cirrh/o
 Definition
yellow
Term
jaund/o
 Definition
yellow
Term
xanth/o
 Definition
yellow
Term
cyan/o
 Definition
blue
Term
erythr/o
 Definition
red
Term
melan/o
 Definition
black
Term
poli/o
 Definition
gray (or gray matter of brain or spinal chord)
Term
acr/o
 Definition
extremity
Term
eti/o
 Definition
cause
Term
fasci/o
 Definition
band, fascia (firbrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)
Term
idi/o
 Definition
unknown, peculiar
Term
morph/o
 Definition
form, shape, structure
Term
path/o
 Definition
disease
Term
radi/o
 Definition
radiation, x-ray; or referring to the lower arm bone, radius
Term
somat/o
 Definition
body
Term
son/o
 Definition
sound
Term
viscer/o
 Definition
internal organs
Term
xer/o
 Definition
dry
Term
adhesion
 Definition
abnormal fibrous band that holds normally separated tissues together
Term
analyte
 Definition
substance being analyzed or tested
Term
contrast medium
 Definition
in radiology, a substance that is injected, swallowed, or introduced by a catheter to allow internal structures to show up on an x-ray
Term
dehiscence
 Definition
bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound
Term
febrile
 Definition
feverish
Term
homeostasis
 Definition
relative constancy or equilibrium in the internal environment of the body
Term
inflammation
 Definition
body defense against injury, infection or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and loss of function
Term
morbid
 Definition
diseased
Term
radiology
 Definition
medical discipline concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury
Term
sepsis
 Definition
pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream
Term
supperative
 Definition
producing or generating pus
Term
biopsy
 Definition
representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis
Term
needle biopsy
 Definition
removal of a tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe
Term
punch biopsy
 Definition
removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow instrument (punch)
Term
shave biopsy
 Definition
removal of tissue using a surgical blade to shave elevated lesions
Term
ablation
 Definition
removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing or radiofrequency
Term
anastomosis
 Definition
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
Term
cauterize
 Definition
destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat or corrosive chemicals
Term
curettage
 Definition
scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette
Term
resection
 Definition
partial excision of a bone, organ or other structure
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