Term
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Definition
| fundamental structural and functional unit |
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Term
| what 4 elements is the body composed of |
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Definition
| oxygen, cardon, hydrogen, nitrogen |
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Term
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Definition
| nonliving (water and electrolytes) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| types of organic compounds |
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Definition
| protein, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids |
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Term
| protein structure and fuction is determined by |
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Definition
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Term
| proteins: what do structure, enzymes and hormones do? |
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Definition
structure: form or shape
enzymes: catalyze chemical reactions
hormones: act as regulators |
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Term
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Definition
monosaccharides (simple sugar - glucose)
disaccharides (2 sugars linked together - sucrose)
polysaccharides (many linked together - glycogen) |
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Term
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Definition
| fats (storage form) , cholesterol, phospholipids (structural form) |
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Term
| examples of nucleic acids |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the cell membrane composed of |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the structure of the cell like? |
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Definition
| fluid mosaic model - current theory for the arrangement of the components of the cell membrane. lipid components (amphipathic molecules) are arranged in a bilayer which acts somewhat like a fluid. proteins and carbs float like icebergs in this sea of lipid. Note: amphipathic molecules have a polar and nonpolar end. |
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Term
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Definition
-compartmentalization
-regulation of movement of materials(semi-permeable)
-provides for intercellular interactions
a. allows communication between cells
b. cell-cell recognition sites
-provides recognition sites (for hormones, antibodies, enzymes, etc) |
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Term
| structure of the nucleus aka the command center |
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Definition
-chromatin: DNA and protein
-nuclear envelope: membrane surrounding nucleus
-nucleolus: site of RNA synthesis |
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Term
| 3 functions of the nucleus |
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Definition
-stores genetic material
-involved in cellular division (mitosis)
-regulates cellular metabolism and activity of all organelles |
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Term
| Ribosome ("protein factories") - name the structure and functions |
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Definition
structure-RNA & protein
function - site of protein synthesis |
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Term
| endoplasmic reticulum structure |
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Definition
-membranous network of channels
-located throughout the cytoplasm
-continuous w nuclear membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| provides a channel for communication and trnsport of substances throughout the cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| has multiple ribosomes on its surfaces. manufactures and transports protein |
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Term
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Definition
| responsible for lipid production and metabolism, and calcium storage |
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Term
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Definition
| stacks of flattened "sacs" |
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Term
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Definition
| strorage of protein, packages materials into vesicles or granules for strorage or secretion |
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Term
| mitochondria - "powerhouse" - structure? |
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Definition
| has internal compartments called cisternae |
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Term
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Definition
| cellular respiration - production of energy from ATP for cellular functions |
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Term
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Definition
| wide variety of chemical substances in the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| small hollow tubules which run throughout the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
a. supporting network
b. conducting channels through which substances pass through the cytoplasm
c. structural component of centrioles and cilia (needed for mitosis) |
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Term
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Definition
| cylindrically shaped organelle composed of 9 triplets of microtubules. 2 per cell. inportant role in cell divison |
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Term
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Definition
| thin strands of protein usually found in bundles |
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Term
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Definition
a. skeletal support
b. cell locomotion (movement) |
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Term
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Definition
| cytoplasmic projections made of mictrotubules. move in a wave lie fashion to move mucous |
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