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| practice of handing out government jobs to supporters; replacing government employees with the winning candidate's supporters |
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| a system in which members of a political party meet to choose their paty's candidate for president or decide policy |
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| theory that states have the right to declare a federal law invakid |
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| hostility toward immigrants |
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| a literary, artistic, ans philosophical movement in the 1700s emphasizing the imagination and the emotions, advocating feeling over reason, innerspirituality over environments created by humans |
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| a philosophy stressing the relationship between human beings and nature, spiritual things over material things,and the importance of the individual conscience |
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| community based on a vision of a perfect society sought by reformers |
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| an association focusing on spreading the word of God and combating social problems |
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| moderation in or abstinence from alchohol |
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| prison whose purpose is to reform prisoners |
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| theory that slavery should be ended gradually |
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| immediate ending of slavery |
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| the act or process of freeing enslaved persons |
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