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| Commanded Allied forces in World War II; won election of 1952; delegated authority as president |
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| Used campaign funds for personal use; almost was removed from election; persuaded public in debates; Eisenhower's running mate in 1952 |
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| Focused on a balanced budget; accepted and extended new deal programs; moderate views on national care plans |
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| Head of Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW)(founded 1953); first women in Republican cabinet |
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| Reduced farm production, which increased farm income |
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| Authorized construction of 42,000 miles of interstate highways linking major cities; created jobs, promoted trucking industry, accelerated the growth of the suburbs, and unified culture; hurt railroads and environment |
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| Eisenhower's Secretary of State; proposed "brinkmanship"; push Communist powers to brink of war to force them to back down |
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| Reliance on prevention of conflict due to nuclear threat; weakened armed forces |
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| Countries that recently gained their independence, and weren't industrialized or politically/economically stable |
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| An oil rich Middle Eastern country; CIA overthrew government and installed Reza Pahlavi, a foreign oil friendly dictator |
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| Undercover intervention in foreign nations by the CIA and US troops |
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| A French colony lost to Japan in World War II, where the French tried to take it back; US supplies were sent, but troops were refused; France surrendered |
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| Conference held in 1954, where France surrendered Indochina, and it was broken into Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam |
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| A Vietnamese nationalist and Communist leader who gained power in 1954; formed a Communist dictatorship in North Vietnam |
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| Divided into North and South Vietnam; North is Communist dictatorship; South is democratic; election for united leader never held |
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| Theory that if one nation in Southeast Asia became Communist, it would spread throughout all of them |
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| Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (1954) |
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| A regional defense pact signed by the US, Great Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan; agreed to protect each other's asset in Southeast Asia |
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| Announcement in 1957 that the US would pledge economic and military aid to any Middle Eastern country threatened by Communism |
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| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) |
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| Created in 1960 by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, and Venezuela |
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| A general atmosphere of both Soviets and Americans wanting peaceful relations after the Geneva Convention |
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| A conflict between the United States over the proposal to allow aerial surveillance in both countries to prevent a surprise nuclear attack |
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| The leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin, who wanted a more peaceful relationship with the West |
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| The idea that both the Soviets and the Americans could coexist peacefully, with neither ideology attempting to undermine the other |
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| A revolt in Hungary that replaced the Soviet government with a liberal government; wanted to leave Warsaw pact; Soviets sent tanks to crush rebellion; Eisenhower didn't send help |
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| The Communist security organization, similar to NATO |
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| The first satellite launched into orbit; launched by the Soviets in 1957 |
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| National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
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| aka NASA; created in 1958; directed the United States efforts to compete with Russians in the Space Race |
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| A small US spy plane shot down over Russia revealed intelligence operations; ended chance for peace at Paris Summit, after Eisenhower told Krushchev about spy missions |
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| A communist revolutionary who overthrew the Cuban government in 1959; nationalized American businesses; drew support from Soviets; formed communist totalitarian state |
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| An island nation off the coast of the United States; near Florida |
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| Military-Industrial Complex |
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| The combination of industrial and military forces that continued the arms race |
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| The conflict between racist whites, and blacks over racial equality |
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| A black baseball player hired by the Brooklyn Dodgers as the first black player to play for a national team |
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| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; an organization dedicated to helping blacks achieve civil rights |
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| The merging of white and black facilities, so that both groups used the same facilities |
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| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka |
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| Supreme court case claiming segregated public schools caused psychological damage; Earl Warren ruled separate facilities are unequal, and should end as soon as possible |
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| The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in 1954 |
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| The use of National Guards to prevent the segregation of Little Rock Central High School by Arkansas governor Orval Faubus in 1956; Eisenhower used federal troops to force National Guard Aside |
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| A black woman who refused to leave her seat in Montegomery, Alabama in 1955, who was arrested |
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| A boycott of city buses following Rosa Park's imprisonment; ended when Supreme Court decided segregation laws were unconstitutional in 1956 |
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| Spokesperson for Southern Christian Leadership Conference; leader of movement to achieve nonviolent integration |
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| Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960 |
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| Provided for a permanent Civil Rights Commission and giving the Justice Department powers to protect the voting rights of blacks |
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| A commission designed to help to improve civil rights in segregated areas |
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| Southern Christian leadership Conference |
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| A conference of Southern churches who felt segregation violated the bible's moral code; organized ministers and churches in the South |
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| A form of protesting where violence is ignored, and goals are achieved by preventing services from being provided until concessions are made |
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| Movement dedicated to calling attention to segregated facilities; students would sit in restricted areas, inviting arrest |
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| Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee |
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| A committee formed to organize student sit-ins and nonviolent protests |
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| The transition from an industrial society to a service society, where there were more white collar jobs than blue collar jobs; promoted conformity and teamwork |
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| The culture of consumption, where affluence was tied directly with possessions, and mass production produced conformity |
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| David Reisman, The Lonely Crowd |
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| A book criticizing the replacement of individualism with conformity |
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| John Kenneth Galbraith, The Affluent Society |
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| A book about the failure of wealthy Americans to address the common good by increasing social spending |
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| A group of rebellious writers and intellectuals; led by Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg; advocated spontaneity, drugs, and rebellion against societal standards |
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