Term
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Definition
| H as side group. Symmetric. Can assume any conformation. |
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Term
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Definition
| No functional groups. Restricts N-Calpha rotation. Specifies bends and turns. |
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Term
| Alanine, Valine, Isoleucine, Leucine |
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Definition
| Aliphatic side chains. Essential to diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thioether side chain. Little reactivity. Essential only if not enough Cys in diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Aromatic. Essential only if not enough Y in diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Aromatic. Essential to diet. Hydrophobic, but can be partially buried. |
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Term
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Definition
| Negatively charged. Nucleophile. Likes metals, esp. Ca and Mg ions. Reactive: ester linkages. Impart electrostatic charges. |
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Term
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Definition
| One more methylene than Asp. Nucleophile. Likes metals, esp. Ca and Mg ions. Reactive: ester linkages. Imparts electrostatic charges to molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| Positively charged below pH 10. Nucleophile. Reactive. Acetylated easily (useful in histones). Essential to diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Positively charged below 12. Versatile: hydrophobic and polar interactions. We make it, but not enough of it to grow. Likes H bonds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Positive side chain below 6. Nonprotonated N good nucleophile, likes metals, particularly Zinc. Active in enzyme sites--can accept and donate protons. Essential to diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| OH group on R. Not easily given up, but can be activated. |
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Term
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Definition
| OH group. Can be activated. Additional asymmetric carbon (compared to S). Important in protein surface hydration. Essential to diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| H-bonding like backbone. Similar to acid form. Labile at pH extremes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most reactive of all AAs. S group. 3D stability. Stable complexes with metals (particularly mercurials). |
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