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| The Bill of Rights was ratified by the states in |
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| Describes the distinction between civil liberties and civil rights |
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| Unlike civil liberties, civil rights place positive obligation on the government to take action |
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| The Bill of Rights was written because |
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Definition
| the Antifederalists demanded it as the price of ratification of the Concsitution |
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| The substantive liberties dound in the Bill of Rights does what |
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Definition
| puts limits on what government shall and shall not have the power to do |
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| The procedural liberties found in the Bill of Rights tells us what |
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| Defines how the government is supposed to act |
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| The due process clause of the Fifth Amendment is best described as |
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Definition
| a procedural civil liberty |
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Term
| What is a good example of a sumstantive civil liberty |
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Definition
| Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion |
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| The constintutional bases for nationalization of the Bill of Rights is |
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| The Fourteenth Ammendment |
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Term
| The first and most famous test for determineing when the government could intervene to supress political speech was called the |
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Definition
| Clear and present danger test |
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| The wall of sparation between church and state is best found in what clause of the Constitution |
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| The _____ of the First Amendment protects an individual's right to believe and practice whatever religion she or he chooses |
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| What are the Alien and Sedation Acts |
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Definition
| Lwas passed in the 1790s that made it a crime to say or publish anything that would defame the government of the United States |
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| When the government blocks the publication of material it does not want releasee, this is known as |
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| "Due process of law" in the United States is generally defined by |
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Definition
| Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eight amendments |
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Term
| The Fourth Amendment protects againts |
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Definition
| unreasonable search and seizures |
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| The _____ rule forbids the introduction in trial of any piece of evidence obtained illegally |
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| Arrested people have a right to remain silent is part of what rule |
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| Miranda v. Arizona was important because it produced rules that must be used when |
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Definition
| by the police before questioning an arrested criminal suspect |
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| The right against _____ prevents persons from being tried twice for the same crime |
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Term
| The term "eminent domain" describes |
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Definition
| The power of the government to take private property for public use |
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Term
| The Supreme Court formally articulated the right to privacy in a case involving |
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| The takins clause that the government may NOT take private property states it cannot what |
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Definition
| Take without just compenstation |
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| The right to legal counsel in a criminal proceeding is guaranteed by |
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| The current prohibition on the states' ability to ciminalize abortion is based on |
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| In what type of law is the government always the plantiff |
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| The Case Baker v. Carr concerns |
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Definition
| apportionment of legislative seats |
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Term
| Why is the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison Important |
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Definition
| In this case, the Court aurthorized itself to exercise judicial review over laws passed by Congress |
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Term
| Why did many Republicans oppose President Obama's nominaiton of Sonia Sotomayor to the Supreme Court |
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Definition
| Her support ofr affirmative action |
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Term
| In recent years, federal court appointments have |
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Definition
| been characterized by intenst partisan and idological effrots to support or defeat the candidate |
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Term
| What was known as the court-packing plan |
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Definition
| The attempt by Franklin Roosevelt to add sympathetic justices to the Supreme Court in order to get the New Deal laws upheld as constitutional |
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Term
| A writ of "Habeas Corpus" declare that |
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Definition
| the government must show a legal cause for holding someone in detention |
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Term
| Approximately what percentage of all court cases in the United States are heard in federal court |
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| The Trial Courts in the federal judicial system are called what |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the framers call the "least dangersous branch" |
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Definition
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Term
| Activist judges believe that the courts should |
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Definition
| go beyond the words of the constitution or statue to consider the broader societal implications of its decisions |
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Term
| The doctrine of "stare decisis" comples judges to use precedent to decide current cases |
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Definition
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Term
| Earl Warren is know os a judicial activist |
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Definition
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Term
| The Supreme Court has no discertion over the cases it hears each term |
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Definition
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Term
| Jim Crow laws were las enacted after the Civil War that |
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Definition
| Mandated strict racial segregation |
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Term
| The court pathways was used by the NAACP becuase |
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Definition
1. Restriction on voting in African Americans closed the elections pathways
2. Congressional committees were dominated by southern conservatives, closing the lobbying pathway
3. Segregation was deeply entrienched in the cultural foundations of America, clsoing the cultural pathway |
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Term
| Is a protestor arrected because they demonstarte against abortion a violoation of civil rights |
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Definition
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Term
| In the late nineteenth centruy, discrimaition on the bases of gender was generally what |
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Definition
| Permitted based on assumptions about "natural destiny" |
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Term
| the 1965 Voting Rights Act did what |
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Definition
| Prohibited the use of literacy tests and other techniques used to prevent African Americans from voting |
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Term
| Title II of the 1964 Civil Rights Act did what |
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Definition
| Prohibits discrimination in public accommodations |
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Term
| In 2003, approximately 12.5 percent of the total U.S. population lived below the poverty line. Approximately what percent of African Americans lived below the poverty line the same year |
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Definition
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Term
| When did the civil rights become part of the U.S. Constitution |
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Definition
| Civil rights were incorporated with the ratification of the Fourteenth Amemdment |
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Term
| The Civil Rights Act of 1875 attempted to do what |
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Definition
| Expand the protection of the Fourteenth Amendment to recent Asian immigrants |
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Term
| What was the Supreme Court's response ot the Civil Rights Act of 1875? |
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Definition
| It declared the act unconstitutional because it protected against act of private discrimination not state discrimination |
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Term
| Which of the following practices was explicity protected by the "seperate but equal" principle |
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Definition
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Term
| The Supreme Courts' ruling in Plessy V. Ferguson did what |
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Definition
| Established the separate but equal rule |
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Term
| Racially segregated schools can never be equal was summarized in which Supreme Court ruling |
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Definition
| Brown v. Board of Education |
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Term
| Legally enforced segregation in public schools ia a form of ______ discrimination |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for school segregation that results from racially divided neighborhoods rather than state law |
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Definition
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Term
| in ____, Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his famous "I have a dream" speach |
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Definition
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Term
| Desegregating schools in nother states proved to be difficult because |
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Definition
| Segregation in the North was generally de facto, the product of both segregated housing and acts of private discrimination that were hard to prove |
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Term
| In the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Congress vastly expanded the role of the executive branch and the creditility of court orders by |
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Definition
| Creating the Department of Civil Rights |
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Term
| What prohibited discrimiantion based on race in the workplace |
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Definition
| the Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
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Term
| The first federal civil rights law passed by Congress since 1875 came in what year |
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Definition
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Term
| The attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment was an important struggle for |
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Definition
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Term
| The rights of disabled individuals to both access public business and not be discriminated against in employment are guaranteed by |
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Definition
| The American Disabilites Act of 1990 |
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Term
| What continues to be perpatuated by social conditions that are a legacy of the past |
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Definition
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Term
| Who inaugurated government affirmative action programs |
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Definition
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Term
| In "Regents of the University of California vs. Bakke", the Supreme Court ruled that |
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Definition
| Quotas and seperate admission standards for minorites were unconstitutional but affirmative action could be used |
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Term
| Based on recent polling data, what percentage of Americans believed that guys should have equal employment rights |
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Definition
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Term
| Freedom from government control is what most Americans call |
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Definition
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Term
| The process by which underlying politcal values are formed is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements about agencies of socializatoin is "incorrect" |
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Definition
| The conditions under which individuals and groups are recruited into and involved in political life have no impact on political values and orientation |
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Term
| People's political party preference are primarly acquired through the influce of |
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Definition
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Term
| What best describes perception of racism amoung blacks and whites |
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Definition
| Blacks are more likely than whites to believe that racism is very common in the United States |
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Term
| The complex set of beliefs and values that, as a whole, form a general philosophy about the government is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Liberalism and conservatism are good examples of |
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Definition
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Term
| A liberal would most likely support |
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Definition
| An expansion of governmental social services |
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Term
| One who suppors abortion rights and opposes state involvement with religion institutions would be best described as a(n) |
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Definition
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Term
| Opposition to legalized abortion is a postition most likely supported by _____, while support for legalized abortion is a position most likely supported by______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Conservatives are more likely than liberals to support |
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Definition
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Term
| The Constitution's guarantee of freedom of the press can be found in |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following news sources reaches the most Americans |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following news sources typically proves the least depth while covering the topics |
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Definition
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Term
| George H. W. bush's 1998 statement "Read my Lips, no new taxes" is a good example of a(n) |
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Definition
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Term
| True or Fales: More local news reporters than national reporters are inclined to give politicians postive coverage |
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Definition
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Term
| Accorcing to the text, which of the following is the most importanti, but not the most popular, source of news |
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Definition
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Term
| Whcih group has had the great popularity on radio talk shows |
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Definition
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Term
| True or Fales: Newspapers are the cheapest source of news |
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Definition
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Term
| Websites with personal commentary on news events, links to other websites, and short posts of views are called |
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Definition
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Term
| The United States has approximately _____ televisions stations and _____ daily newspapers |
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Definition
| 2,000 Televisions and 1,400 Newspapers |
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Term
| Approximately what percentage of dialy newspapers is owned by large media conglomerates |
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Definition
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Term
| The nationalization of the news in the United States has had important polictical consequences due to |
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Definition
| Americans tending to view the world with a similar approach since they are exposed to the same concerns and perspectives |
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Term
| The news media are most responsive to what segment of the population |
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Definition
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Term
| The power of the media to draw public attention to particular issues and problems is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which presidential candidate pioneered the use of town meetings and television entertainment programs as a means of cummincating direclty with voters |
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