Term
| What are the three types of Immigration. Name an example of each. |
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Definition
| Voluntary(European Americans), Involuntary (African Americans)and In between (Indentured Servants: Chinese, Japanese, Irish, German) |
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Term
| What is Lee's Theory of Migration? |
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Definition
| There are push and pull factors that cause movement. |
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Term
| What are Gordon's 3 Ideologies of Assimilation? |
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Definition
| Anglo Conformity; The Melting Pot; Cultural Pluralism. |
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Term
| What is Anglo Conformity? |
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Definition
| Demanded that immigrants shed their own culture and form to the Anglo-Saxon way. |
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Term
| What is the Melting Pot Ideology? |
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Definition
| The blending of cultures to form the new race of "Americans". |
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Term
| What is cultural pluralism? |
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Definition
| Today, known as multiculturalism. The ideology that multiple cultures can co-exist in equality, still containing their own hues but painting a larger picture of America. |
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Term
| What is Park's "Marginal Man?" |
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Definition
| Someone who, through immigration, part of two world's and never fully a part of one. Purgatory. |
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Term
| What is Gordon's differences between Cultural and Structural Assimilation? |
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Definition
Cultural assimilation is when an individual or individuals adopts some or all aspects of a dominant culture (such as its religion, language, norms, values etc.)
Structural Assimilation is when entering fully into the societal network of groups and institutions of others. |
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Term
| Which groups moved from South to North in the 3rd Wave of Migration? |
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Definition
| Internal: African Americans, Mexicans, Native Americans and Puerto Ricans. European immigration was closed in 1924 at beginning of 3rd wave. Transformation of rural people into urban dwellers. |
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Term
| How many American Indians did Thornton estimate were in the Western Hemisphere in 1492 when Columbus arrived? |
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Definition
| Approximately 75 Million. |
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Term
| Why do researchers believe Native people had few serious diseases prior to 1492? |
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Definition
| The existence of fewer domesticated animals as well as the relative lack of large centers of population concentration. |
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Term
| What is the meaning of "virgin social epidemics?" |
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Definition
| This is when a new disease in a population becomes particularly virulent and spreads to virtually all members of a population, illustrated by the lack of immune systems in Native Americans. |
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Term
| What were the effects of Smallpox upon Native Americans? |
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Definition
| It was especially deadly because the epidemics of it occurred from the 1500s to the 1800s in waves. |
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Term
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Definition
| The deliberate, state-sponsored mass murder of a people. |
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Term
| What is the role of warfare with Europeans and Americans? |
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Definition
| The warfare at the hands of Europeans and Americans reduced the native population, even to the brink of extinction for many Native American peoples. |
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Term
| Tell me about Ishi of the Yahi Yana. |
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Definition
| Ishi was the last surviving member of his people because of Californian racial genocide. |
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Term
| What was the impact of large scale removals of natives to reservations and examples? |
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Definition
| They were destructive demographically. Also, the broke tribes into different reservations, or threw tribes hostile to one another on the same reservation. Native Americans were encouraged to become farmers on their new, un-fertile land even though they were not an agricultural people. Also trail of tears from Southeast to "Indian" territory. |
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Term
| What was the impact of destruction of buffalo and which groups affected? |
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Definition
| Many Native American populations were dependent on buffalo for food, clothing, housing, tools and bedding. The groups affected were Cheyenne, Crow, Pawnee, Sioux, Arapaho, Comanche, Kiowa, Kaddo. |
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Term
| What is the impact of Christianity and Farming upon the Native American population people? |
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Definition
| The government created boarding schools and allotment acts to Christianize them and expose them to private property and making them into farmers. |
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Term
| Tell me about the 1887 general allotment act. |
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Definition
| So yeah..so..um..ummm. I think you should say..tribal lands were to be allotted to individual Americans...and then say...who received citizenship, farm implements and encouragement from Indian agents to adopt farming as a livelihood. Very few actually followed this advice, and very few were able to keep the land they were alotted due to tax foreclosures, need for cash, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| When reservations are cut into different areas (this corner's for you, this middle part's for Mr. Wildhorse, this one for One-who-has-sex-often-with-cows) that causes a problem for reservation officials. Can't build roads and such. |
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Term
| What was the Indian New Deal? |
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Definition
America stopped trying to detribalize the Native Americans, and acknowledged their culture was worthy of respect. New jobs developed infrastructure on Reservations.
Indian Reorganization Act allowed tribal government. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bureau of Indian Affairs of course. |
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Term
| What is Self-Determination? |
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Definition
| Means that Indian people had the autonomy to control their own affairs free from the paternalism government. |
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Term
| What was the change in status of African Women? |
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Definition
| They were removed from a stable social order, which gave them a specific place and function, and protected them with a traditional morality. With slave trade, they were made into commodities without anything previous. |
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Term
| Identify the political significance of Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo to Mexicans living in U.S. |
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Definition
| It ended the war between Mexico and U.S. and granted citizenship to Mexicans living in teh conquered territory. The treaty specified that Mexicans would enjoy "all rights as citizens," Unlike Blacks and Native Americans. |
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Term
| What is the meaning of Manifest Destiny? |
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Definition
| Manifest Destiny as an expression of White superiority is but on explanation for what became a clear rise of anti-Mexican sentiments in the 1850s. |
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Term
| What are examples of American institutional racism towards Mexicans? |
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Definition
| Determined to keep Mexicans from being part of the great American dream, they passed the "Greaser Law" and a "foreigner miners tax" in 1851 that restricted Mexican economic participation. They also printed in newspapers, referring to Mexicans as "there is little difference between them and the Negro race." |
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