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| 1861, Conf => started the Civil War |
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| 1861, Conf => first major battle...it would be a long war |
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| 1862, U => bloodiest days of the war, 20,000 died |
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| 1862, U => blocked Conf advancement up Potomac |
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| 1862, U => Conf could no longer use Mississippi R to transport goods |
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| 1862, U => bloodiest battle with 6,000 dead and 17,000 wounded |
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| 1863, U => loss was blow to Lee, only battle fought in North |
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| 1863, U => gained control of Mississippi |
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| 1865 => Lee surrenders to Grant on April 9th |
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| 1865 => Johnson surrenders largest army to McClellan on April 28 |
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| South - reason to go to war |
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| to preserve way of life (economy, slavery, independence) |
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| North - reason to go to war |
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| to preserve the Union (not originally about emancipation) |
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| Grant, McClellan, Sherman, Farragut, Meade, Johnson |
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| Lee, Johnston, Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson |
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| most devastating conflict in American history with 600,000 soldiers dead and billions of $ in damages, bitter feelings among south lasted generations |
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| saved the Union, strengthened federal government, freed many African Americans |
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| Americans - reason to go to war (1812) |
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| to expand nation's power and to avenge British actions - impressment, supplying Tecumseh's federation with guns and supplies |
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| $158M spent fighting, unprepared and made many blunders, did not change existing borders |
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| gained new respect from other nations, increased patriotism |
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| encouraged by War Hawks, James Madison urged Congress to declare war |
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| ended with Treaty of Ghent |
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| American generals and heroes |
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| Hull, Harrison, Perry, Andrew Jackson, Dolley Madison |
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| 1813, Am Perry => defeats British navy |
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| Burning of Washington, DC |
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Definition
| 1814, Br => continue up Chesapeake to Baltimore |
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| 1814 => FSK watches attack on Fort McHenry from Br ship, writes The Star Spangled Banner |
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| 1815, Am => decisive victory led by Andrew Jackson (sadly, did not get word that treaty was already signed) |
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| deeply divided over war, defenseless coast, 7,000 state militia volunteers |
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| North Carolina leaders in 1812 |
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Definition
| Forsyth & Blakely (Wasp & Enterprise) |
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| North Carolina leaders in 1812 |
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| First Lady Dolley Madison, Andrew Jackson (later president) |
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| Patriots - reasons to go to war |
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| colonists tradition of self-government, desire for separate entity from Britain |
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| Results of Revolutionary War |
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Definition
| long war, self-government, Constitution ratified, world recognition of independence |
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| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
| 1774, listed grievances and called for repeal of 13 acts of Parliament enacted since 1763 |
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| 1775, Patriots => America would fight |
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Term
| Bunker Hill (Breed's Hill) |
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Definition
| 1775, Br => "don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes" |
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Term
| Patriots reasons to go to war |
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Definition
| Proclamation of 1763, harsh British policies toward colonists thereafter, unfair taxes and regulations |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
| start of Revolutionary War |
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| Second Continental Congress |
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| 1775, began to govern colonies, print money, Continental Army, sent Olive Branch Petition to King George III who sent more troops |
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| 1776, Patriots => GW takes Boston from the British |
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| 1776, Patriots => ambush on Christmas Eve, captured 900 Hessians and drove away British |
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| 1777, Patriots => Br, General Burgoyne surrenders |
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| 1780, Br => Nathananel Greene defeated by Cornwallis but stunned, Cornwallis withdraws |
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| 1781, Patriots => isolates Cornwallis' army with help of French, Cornwallis surrenders but fighting not altogether done, delegates go to Paris |
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| Washington, Arnold, Gates, Greene |
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| British - generals of War of 1812 |
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