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| Jamestown founded, first permanent settlement |
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| House of Burgesses met, first representative government |
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April 19, 1775
"Shot Heard Around the World" |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| "shot heard round the world" |
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| "give me liberty or give me death" |
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| colonists determined to fight British |
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| colonists who felt taxes were no reason to go to war |
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| first representative government |
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| political body established to represent interests and challenge British control |
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| plant mulberry tree and grape vines, penalties for drunkeness, do no harm to NA, church twice on Sunday, educate Indian children |
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| 55 delegates - not Georgia |
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| listed grievances, boycott, resolution to form militia |
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| major writer of Declaration of Independence |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| preamble, natural rights & grievances, resolution of independence |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| gave states too much power |
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| Commander and Chief of Continental Army |
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| 1777, Patriot victory => France became ally and declared war ag Great Britain |
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| 1780, Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present day Greensboro |
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| replaced Gates as Commander of Continental Army |
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| 1780, lost Battle of Guildford Courthouse |
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| 1780, won Battle of Guilford Courthouse |
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| 1781, lost Battle of Yorktown |
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| 1781, Patriot victory => last decisive victory of Revolution, Cornwallis surrendered |
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| Cornwallis surrendered and the Treaty was signed, thus ending the American Revolution |
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| "Father of the Constitution" |
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| Constitution and the laws Congress passed meaning states could not make laws against it and disputes were settled by judicial branch |
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| 1803, Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains, |
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| 1804, Missouri River to mouth of Columbia River |
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| Napolean Bonaparte sold to Thomas Jefferson for $15M, |
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| sights for future forts, commercial possibilities, learn about fauna & flora |
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| proved land is habitable but there is no NW Passage |
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| Indian guide to Lewis & Clark |
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| architect, president who supported expansion |
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| attorney, watched Attack on Baltimore onboard British ship |
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1814 by Francis Scott Key after Attack on Baltimore's Fort McHenry
1931 became National Anthem |
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| 1840s, John O'Sullivan wrote about idea that nation's mission was to "overspread and possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us" |
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depression and panic had hit hard -
Great Plains, Platte River, south pass of Rocky Mountains - harsh conditions |
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| California Spanish Missions |
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| offered food, crops, trade, shelter to travelers; converted travelers to Christianity; forced NA to work in fields |
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| 1848, James Marshal found gold at Sutter's Mill => 80,000 came, mostly in 1849 and $6M+ found |
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| 1846, Sonoma seized by Americans and claimed independence from California. mountainman Kit Carson decided to join. |
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| 1836, Santa Anna arrived in San Antonio finding Texan force barracaded inside nearby mission |
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| 1836, Houston's surprise attack on Santa Anna killed 600 soldiers & captured 700 => Santa Anna signed treaty recognizing Texas' independence |
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| 1821, first land grant starting a colony |
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| attacked Santa Anna and won independence |
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| 1836, signed peace treaty recognizing Texas' independence |
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| Union general of the Army of the Potomac |
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| 1862, not decisive => Monitor held Merrimack in harbor |
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| new warfare - metal ships |
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| new warfare - destroy all resources |
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| Union General, later president |
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| West Point graduate, Confederate general |
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| Confederate president during Civil War |
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| Union president during Civil War |
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| 1863, helped Americans focus on shared ideals |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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| 1863, Lincoln signed giving a new reason for war => British and French were anti-slavery and did not support Confederacy thereafter |
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| 1865, ratified by Congress => truly freed enslaved Americans |
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| Union general led March to the Sea |
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| 1865, Union army led by Sherman marched 1864, to Savannah, cutting a path of destruction by destroying anything useful to the south |
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| Maryland (DC), Delaware (Phila), Kentucky (Ohio R), Missouri (Missp R) |
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| founding principle of the Confederacy, also hampered since individual states refused to give the Conf gov't power |
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| President, Vice President, Cabinet |
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| enforce laws, make treaties |
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| commander-in-chief of military, sign treaties |
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| bicameral - House of Representatives, Senate |
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House can introduce tax and spending bills & charge federal officials with impeachment
Senate ratify treaties, confirm presidential appointments |
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| not specified => choose cases to hear, hear cases and explain decisions |
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| can declare laws unconstitutional |
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| 35+ years, US citizen, 14 years residency, serve maximum of 2 consecutive 4 year terms |
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| 25+ years, serve 2 year terms |
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| 30+ years, serve 6 year terms, (staggered so one-third come up for re-elections every two years) |
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total not specified
historically 5-10
currently 9 since 1869
8 justices and 1 chief justice |
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| 100 members, 2 from each state |
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| presides over impeachment hearing |
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| hears impeachment proceedings |
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| can bring formal charges against federal officials => impeach |
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