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| Unreasonable Search and Seizures |
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| The Right to a Fair Trial |
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| Trial by Jury in Civil Cases |
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| Cruel and Unusual Punishment |
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| Equal Protection of the Laws |
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| Direct Election of Senators |
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| Electoral Votes for the District of Columbia |
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| Presidential Succession and Disablity |
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| Suffrage for Young People |
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| Limiting Congressional Pay Raises |
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| States' powers and limits |
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| Necessary Evil and Peculiar Institution |
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| Phrases used by some southerners in place of the term slavery; ofter used by those who defended the insitution of slavery |
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| 1800 Gabriel Prosser 'Rebillion' |
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A Richmond, Virgina blacksmith who developed a plan to along with a thousand slaves to kill white people due to anti-slavery.
the rebellion was quashed at the last minute and Posser was executed. |
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| 1831 Nat Turner Rebillion |
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| Slave fro Southampton County, Virginia who led a violent revolt in 1831 against his and other slaveholding plantation owners, killing 55 whites before being caught and executed. |
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| Free black from Charleston, South Carolina who plotted in 1822 to seize guns from the local arsenal and lead a slave revolt and then set sail for freedom in Haiti; was betrayed and executed. |
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| 1850 Things that led up to the Civil War:(Slave Era) |
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| 1)Compromise of 1850 enacted; 2)California admitted as free state; 3) Texas gets paid for lands; 4)New Mexico Territory formed, allowing slavery; 5)no slave trade allowed in District of Columbia; stiffer fugitive slave law. Proposed by Henry Clay and brokered by Stephen A. Douglas, it reflects solution to slavery of Northern Democrats. Southerners take wait-and-see approach; they are angered by Northern refusal to obey Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. |
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| 1851 Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes Uncle Tom's Cabin.(Slave Era) |
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| A forceful indictment of slavery, the novel sells 500,000 copies and stiffens northern resistance to fugitive slave law. Famous quote: "So your the little lady who made this big war" |
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| Damn the Torpedoes!" The Battle of Mobile Bay |
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| was the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina that started the American Civil War. |
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| 1861: What 10 states were Confederated States? |
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AL, AR, GA, FL, LA, MS, NC, TN, TX, VA |
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| 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act (Slave Era) |
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| The act established that settlers could vote to decide whether to allow slavery, in the name of "popular sovereignty" or rule of the people. |
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| 5 major causes of the civil war: |
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1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.
2. States versus federal rights.
3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.
4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.
5. The election of Abraham Lincoln. |
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| 1857 Dred Scott Decision (Slave Era) |
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| In March of 1857, the United States Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, declared that all blacks -- slaves as well as free -- were not and could never become citizens of the United States. The court also declared the 1820 Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, thus permiting slavery in all of the country's territories. |
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| 1846 Wilmot Proviso (Slave Era) |
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| The intent of the proviso, submitted by Democratic Congressman David Wilmot, was to prevent the introduction of slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico. |
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| 1859 Harper Ferry (slave era) |
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| best known for John Brown's raid on the Armory in 1859 and hanged for treason as an effort to liberate southern slaves. |
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| 1862 Antietam Creek Battle |
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| Site of a battle that occurred in Sept. 1862 when Lee's forces invaded Maryland; both side suffered heavy losses(23,000) and Lee retreated into Virginia. |
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| Battle in Tennessee in April 1862 that ended with an unpursue Confederate withdrawl; both sides suffered heavy casualties for the first time, but neither side gained ground -draw. |
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| 1863 Battle of Gettysburg |
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| Site in Pennsylvania where July 1863 Union forces under General George Meade defeated Lee's Confederated forces, turnng back Lee's invasion of the North. |
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| investigates where our ethical principles come from, and what they mean. Are they merely social inventions? Do they involve more than expressions of our individual emotions? Metaethical answers to these questions focus on the issues of universal truths, the will of God, the role of reason in ethical judgments, and the meaning of ethical terms themselves. |
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takes on a more practical task, which is to arrive at moral standards that regulate right and wrong conduct. This may involve articulating the good habits that we should acquire, the duties that we should follow, or the consequences of our behavior on others. |
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| Theories of Normative Ethics |
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(1) Virtue theories – character development of virtue is the primary factor in morality. (2) Deontological (duty) theories – duty base ethnics list of duties to apply. (3) Consequentialist theories – right or wrong determine by its consequences. |
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involves examining specific controversial issues, such as abortion, infanticide, animal rights, environmental concerns, homosexuality, capital punishment, or nuclear war. |
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means, usually, the study or theory of reality. What is real? This involves, of course, many related questions, such as, is reality some kind of “thing?” Is it one or is it many? If it is one, then how is it related to the many things around us? Can ultimate reality be grasped by the five senses, or is it supernatural or transcendent?
It should be mentioned that sometimes the word “metaphysics” is used in a narrower way to concern only transcendent reality, that is, reality which lies beyond the physical world, and cannot therefore be grasped by means of the senses. |
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means, usually, the study or theory of reality. What is real? This involves, of course, many related questions, such as, is reality some kind of “thing?” Is it one or is it many? If it is one, then how is it related to the many things around us? Can ultimate reality be grasped by the five senses, or is it supernatural or transcendent?
It should be mentioned that sometimes the word “metaphysics” is used in a narrower way to concern only transcendent reality, that is, reality which lies beyond the physical world, and cannot therefore be grasped by means of the senses. |
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| is one of the core areas of philosophy. It is concerned with the nature, sources and limits of knowledge. Epistemology has been primarily concerned with propositional knowledge, that is, knowledge that such-and-such is true, rather than other forms of knowledge, for example, knowledge how to do such-and-such. |
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| basic beliefs of Epistemology |
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a) Rationalists (such as Descartes, Leibniz and Spinoza) hold that at least some basic beliefs are the result of rational intuition. Since not all knowledge seems to be based on sense experience or introspection or rational intuition, some epistemologists claim that some knowledge is innate. Still others argue that some propositions are basic in virtue of conversational contextual features.
b) Empiricists (such as Hume and Locke) hold that basic beliefs exhibit knowledge initially gained through the senses or introspection. Rationalists (such as Descartes, Leibniz and Spinoza) hold that at least some basic beliefs are the result of rational intuition. Since not all knowledge seems to be based on sense experience or introspection or rational intuition, some epistemologists claim that some knowledge is innate. Still others argue that some propositions are basic in virtue of conversational contextual features |
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| A liberal education in this sense was all about acquiring these forms of knowledge for their own sake - as contrasted with some extrinsic purpose as when studying physics to become an engineer. The theory was popular with educational reformers up to government level wishing to extend to the many the rigorous intellectual education hitherto enjoyed only by the few. [As you can see the author is referring to the issue of whether education is intrinsically valuable or instrumentally valuable.] |
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