Term
|
Definition
| est. 1865 in order to educate freedmen and give them aid. it was hated by Democrats and the President and was allowed to expire in 1872 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lincoln's party during the Civil War; formed of Republicans who supported the war and Northern Democrats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lincoln's reconstruction plan; in order to be readmitted into the Union, 10% of a Southern state's voters had to pledge loyalty to the Union and pledge to abide by emancipation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congress' reconstruction plan; 50% of voters had to pledge loyalty to the Union and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation |
|
|
Term
| Johnson's reconstruction plan |
|
Definition
| leading Confederates were disfranchised, but they could ask Johnson for pardons; state conventions to repeal ordinances of secession, repudiate Confed. debts, and ratify 13th Amendment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passed by Congress after Johnson vetoed a bill to extend the life of the Freedman's Bureau; gave American Blacks citizenship and struck at the Black Codes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passed because Congress was afraid the South would repeal the Civil Rights Act; (1) gave citizenship and civil rights to blacks (2) if a state didn't let blacks vote, its representation in the House would be reduced (3) any former Confederate who had broken an oath of office to uphold the Union could no longer hold office (4) guaranteed federal debt and assumed Confederate debt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leader of radical Republicans in the Senate for black freedom and racial equality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| led the radical Republicans in the House |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wanted laws that restrained the states from hurting citizens' civil rights, rather than laws which would interfere directly with peoples' lives |
|
|
Term
| Reconstruction Act (1867) |
|
Definition
| divided the South into five military districts; to be readmitted, states had to ratify the 14th Amendment and allow blacks to vote. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| guaranteed black male sufferage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| black pro-Union, pro-Republican orginization; helped educate and campaign for Republicans; represent blacks in court, and raise militias to protect blacks from white terrorism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pro-Union, pro-Republican Southerners in the Southern state governments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Northerners who came down to the South during Reconstruction, allegedly to make a profit and gain power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responded to the Ku Klux Klan attacks; gave the federal government the power to intervene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| President could not fire Cabinet members who were previously approved by Congress without Congress' approval |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Democratic Presidential candidate in 1868 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| con men who tried to bribe President Grant in order to corner the gold market |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used bribery, graft, and fraudulent elections in order to steal more than $200 million -- eventually put in prison when brought down by the New York Times |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Union Pacific Railroad insiders hired themselves to build the railroad lines as the Credit Mobilier Co. and bribed govt. officials to get away with it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separated from the Republicans to try and end corruption -- nominated Horace Greeley in 1872 -- caused Republicans to pass the Amnesty Act |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removed political disabilities from former Confederate leaders; reduced tariffs from the Civil War era; mild civil service reform to the Grant administration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caused by overspeculation, and also that people distrusted the greenback because of govt. corruption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| government had to withdraw paper money from circulation and redeem all paper money at face value for gold beginning in 1879 -- this policy, along with the government obtaining gold stocks, was called "contraction" |
|
|
Term
| Grand Army of the Republic |
|
Definition
| politically involved organization of Civil War veterans -- supported the Republicans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Republican faction led by Roscoe Conkling; supported patronage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Republican faction allegedly for civil service reform; actually disagreed with the Stalwarts over WHO should give up jobs to reward loyal followers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hayes, the Great Unknown from Ohio (Republican) vs. Tilden, who prosecuted Boss Tweed (Democrat) standoff in the states of Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Democrats allowed Hayes to be President. In return, the Republicans would have to withdraw federal troops from Louisiana and South Carolina -- essentially giving up their goal of racial equality; Democrats would receive patronage; Texas and Pacific Railroads would build a Southern line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| guaranteed equal accommodation for blacks and whites in public places and prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection |
|
|
Term
| Civil Rights Cases (1883) |
|
Definition
| Civil Rights Act of 1875 was unconstitutional because the 14th Amendment only prohibited governmental violation of civil rights, not violation of civil rights by individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| James Garfield narrowly defeated Winfield Scott Hancock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deranged man who assassinated James Garfield, claiming he did it so the Stalwarts would get good jobs under Chester Arthur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Magna Carta of civil service reform -- compulsory campaign contributions from government officials illegal; established Civil Service Commission to appoint people to federal jobs on basis of merit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Republicans who didn't like 1884 nominee James Blaine and so voted Democrat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. blockade Southern coasts
2. liberate slaves to undermine Southern foundation
3. cut Confed. in half by grabbing Mississippi
4. send troops through Georgia and the Carolinas
5. capture Capitol at Richmond
6. "try everywhere to engage the enemy's main strength and grind it into submission" |
|
|
Term
| Second Battle of Bull Run |
|
Definition
| Lee defeated Pope and moved up toward Maryland after the Seven Days' Battles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the turning points in the war -- after finding Lee's battle plans, McClellan managed to stop Lee's march north. gave Lincoln the military backing to issue the Emancipation Proclamation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| McClellan's replacements in order. Hooker was defeated at Chancellorsville but not before Stonewall Jackson was fatally wounded. Meade actually managed to win at Gettysburg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General Meade actually managed to win when Pickett's Charge failed. Davis was planning to send negotiators to the North, but since the Union won Gettysburg Lincoln didn't accept them. together with the Battle of Vicksburg, this loss meant the South once and for all would not receive foreign aid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leader of the Copperheads; banished to Canada, where he campaigned for governorship of Ohio and later returned to the US before the war had ended. |
|
|
