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| the effort to slow the groth of the federal government by returning many functions to the states |
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Constitutionalism arrangement whereby power is distributed between a central govt. and subdivisional govt, called states in the United States. The national and the subdivisional govt. both exercise direct authority over individuals |
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| Constitutional arrangement in which power is concentrated in a central govt. |
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| constitutional arrangement in which sovereign nations or states, by compact, create a central govt. but carefully limit its power and do not give it direct authority over individuals |
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| Powers specifically granted to one of the branches of the national govt. by the constitution |
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| powers inferred form the express powers that allow congress to carry out its functions |
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| Necessary and Proper Clause |
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| Clause of the Constitution (Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3) setting forth the implied powers of Congress. It steates that Congress, in addition to it's express powers vested by the Constitution in the national govt. |
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The powers of the national govt. in the field of foreign affairs that the Supreme Court has declared do no depend on constitutional grants but rather grow out of the very existence of the national govt. |
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| the clause in the constitution (Article 1, Section 8, Clause 1) that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations. |
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| A requirement imposed by the federal govt. as a condition for the receipt of federal funds |
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| powers that the constitution gives to both the national and state govt. |
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| Full Faith and Credit Clause |
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Clause in the Constitution (Article 4, Section 1,) requiring each state to recognize the civil judgments rendered by the courts of the other states and to accept their public records and acts as valid |
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| Legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed |
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| An agreement among two or more states. The constitution requires that most such agreements be approved by Congress. |
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| Constitutional doctrine that whenever conflict occurs between the constitutionally authorized actions of the national govt. and those of a state or local govt. the actions of the federal govt. prevail |
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| the right of a federal law or regulation to preclude enforcement of a state or local law regulation |
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| people who favor national action over action at that state and local levels |
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| people who favor or local action rather than national action |
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| powers expresssely or implicitly reserved to the states and emphasized by decentralists |
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