Term
| Was there such a thing as Colonial America? |
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Definition
| NO. There was the Colonial Americas. Spanish Americas, French Americas, British Americas. Each colony had its own identity. |
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Term
| Which of the Americas will be the largest of the Americas? |
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Definition
| The Spanish Colonial Americas |
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Term
| Which of the Americas will be wealthier or richer than the other Americas? |
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Definition
| The Spanish Colonial Americas |
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Term
| Which of the Americas benefit more economically, the British Americas, the Spanish Americas, or the French Americas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the Americas lasts the longest? The British Americas, The Spanish Americas, or The French Americas. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why doesnt the British Colonial Americas last longer than the French Americas or the Spanish Americas? |
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Definition
| The British colonies declared independence |
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Term
| Georgia lived by the 3 G's. What are the 3 G's? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Spanish Americas leader conqured the Aztecs? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Spanish Americas leader Cortez conquered who in 1520? |
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Definition
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Term
| After The Spanish Americas leader Cortes conquers the Aztecs what is establsihed? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Spanish Americas leader of 1530s that conquered the Incas is who? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Spanish Americas leader Pizzaro of the 1530s conquered who? |
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Definition
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Term
| After the Spanish Americas leader Pizzaro conquers the Incas, what is established? |
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Definition
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Term
| Another name for former soldiers |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the Conquestadores mainly interested in? |
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Definition
| The conquestadores were mainly interested in creating wealth (really for themselves)and winning glory and fame (for themselves) |
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Term
| What was the 1st permanent British settlement? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many years was the Spanish empire established before the 1st British settlement? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Spanish Americas 1st labor system was called ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who did the Encomienda System use as laborers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did the Ecomienda System use forced labor or slave labor? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. The Indians were expected to work for the Spanish settlers. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. There was NOT a relationship between the Indians and the Spanish. |
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Definition
| False. There was a relationship between the Indians and the Spanish |
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Term
| There was a relationship between the Indians and the Spanish where the Indians were expected to work for the Spanish. Who was this approved by? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Colonists had to do 3 things of the Encomienda. What were they? |
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Definition
1. Spanish colonists had to provide protection to their Indians that were under their control.
2. The Spanish colonists had to finacially support a church in their area (Catholic Church)
3. The Spanish colonists had to defend their area as part of the Spanish Empire |
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Term
| Was the Encomienda System a friendly or not-so-friendly system with the Indians? |
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Definition
| The Encomienda System was a very brutal system. Thousands of Indians died due to the mistreatment |
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Term
| The Spanish colonists had to have a _______ before they could declare war on the Indians. |
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Definition
| A document that justified the declaration of war on the Indians |
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Term
| The Indians had to accept 2 conditions of the Spanish colonists. If they didnt accept these 2 conditions, then the Spanish had justification to declare war on them. What were these 2 conditions? |
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Definition
| 1. The Indians had to acknowledge the Catholic Church as supreme. 2. The Indians had to acknowledge the authority of the Spanish Crown (This includes the Spanish right to occupy their land) |
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Term
| True or False. Spain miro-managed their colonies. |
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Definition
| True. Spain micro-managed their colonies |
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Term
| A Spanish religious figure (Religious thinker and writer) that spent some time in the Spanish Colonies. |
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Definition
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Term
| Bartolome De Las Casas argued that Spain violated what? |
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Definition
| Bartolome De Las Casas argued that Spain violated the original mission that the Catholic Church signed off on. |
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Term
| Who was Bartolome De Las Casas supposed to convert? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Bartolome De Las Casa's way of converting the Indians? |
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Definition
| Peacefully and living side by side |
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Term
| True or False. Bartolome De Las Casas argued that the Spanish Government was entitled to the Indian land. |
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Definition
| False. Bartolome De Las Casas argued that the Spanish Government was NOT entitled to the Indian land |
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Term
| How did Bartolome De Las Casas feel about the Encomienda System? |
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Definition
| He said the Encomienda needed to be done away with. |
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Term
| After Bartolome De Las Casas complains about the Encomienda, what does Spain do? |
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Definition
| Spain abolishes the Encomienda (technically) and made it illegal |
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Term
| After the Encomienda is abolished, the Spanish seek what? |
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Definition
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Term
| By 1600, Spain had already brought about ______ slaves to the New World. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Spanish colonies economy based on? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which produced the most income in the Spanish Colonies, Gold or Silver? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Spanish colony had a major Silver mine that was located in ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where was Potosi located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What city was the major supply of silver during the Spanish Empire? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How did the Spanish government benefit from the Spanish Americas? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Spanish colonists gave the Spanish government how much of all the gold and silver that was mined? |
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Definition
| 1/5th of all the gold and silver mined |
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Term
| You can't refine silver unless you have what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who had control over the mercury? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is crucial to the refining process of silver? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was agriculture a large part of the Spanish colonists? |
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Definition
| No. Agriculture was not a large part of the Spanish colonists. |
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Term
| Most of the agriculture of Spain was for what? |
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Definition
| Most of the agriculture of Spain was for domestic consumption. It was only grown to feed the local people, livestock, etc. |
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Term
| Most of the agriculture was grown for domestic consumption, only to feed the local people. But there was one exception. What was it? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happend to the silver production in the 1650s? |
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Definition
| Silver production declined |
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Term
| Why did the silver production decline in the 1650s? |
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Definition
| The silver production declined due to the lack of technology. The Spanish did not know how to keep the water out of the tunnels. The Spanish did not know how to properly ventilate the mines. |
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Term
| The 1st Spanish explorer of note. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Ponce De Leon interested in? |
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Definition
| Ponce De Leon was interested in expanding Northward |
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Term
| How many more guys follow after Ponce De Leon? |
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Definition
| 7 other guys follow after Ponce De Leon |
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Term
| What did the 7 other guys that followed Ponce De Leon discover? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Ponce De Leon and the 7 other guys that followed after him looking for? |
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Definition
| At 1st they were looking for something of value. But they established a permanant settlement in St Augustine in 1565 |
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Term
| St Augustine followed this type of Mission Fort identity. What is a Mission Fort? |
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Definition
| Mission means that there are priests or missionaries. Forts suggests there are soldiers there. |
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Term
| By the late 1600s, there were roughly how many of these Mission Forts in existence? |
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Definition
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Term
| About how many Mission Forts had been attempted to be established? |
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Definition
| Roughly 40 were established but more than 3 times as many (120) had been attempted. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of Florida to Spain? |
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Definition
| The purpose of Florida was to serve as a defensive buffer zone to protect Spains more valuable colonies in the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America |
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Term
| In Florida, Spain is different towards the Indians. In what way is Spain different to the Indians in Florida? |
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Definition
| They want the Indians to help them fight the French and British colonies. |
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Term
| What were the 2 major French settlement areas? |
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Definition
1. Canada - Around the Great Lakes
2. Rio De Janeiro |
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Term
| What area did the French attempt to settle in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happend when the French attempted to settle in Rio De Janeiro? |
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Definition
| The Spanish and Portugese expelled them |
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Term
| After the Spanish and Portugese expelled the French from Rio De Janeiro, where did the French move to? |
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Definition
| The French moved to Canada |
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Term
| When the French settlers were expelled from Rio De Janeiro, they moved to Canada. They focused on what river? |
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Definition
| The French settlers focused on the St. Lawrence River |
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Term
| This was the main waterway that could transport people into deep America as well as the Mississippi. |
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Definition
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Term
| When the French moved to Canada and focused on the St. Lawrence river, they were originally interested in doing what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the person who became interested in the fur trade? |
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Definition
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Term
| What business became the foundation of the French settlement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the 1st French settlement? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many frenchmen were in North America in 1660? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. French settlements are very large in terms of population. |
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Definition
| False. French settlements are very small in terms of population. |
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Term
| The French settlements are very small in terms of population. What types of people were in their population? |
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Definition
| They are mainly males, not families. They are traders. There are also a handful of priests |
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Term
| How are the French attitudes to sexual relationships with Indian women? |
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Definition
| The French government encourages interacial marriages |
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Term
| According to the French, does the Catholic Church support interacial relationships between the Indians and the French settlers? |
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Definition
| Yes the Catholic Church supports interracial relationships |
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Term
| True or False. French relationship with the Indians is very friendly. |
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Definition
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Term
| Did the Algonqin tribe have a positive or negative relationship with the French settlers? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Natchez Region was along what river? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Nanchez region was first visited by who? |
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Definition
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Term
| 100 years after the Spanish explorers visited the Natchez Region, who reconnected with the Natchez Indians? |
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Definition
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Term
| French settler who reestablishes european contact with the Natchez Indians. |
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Definition
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Term
| After Robert La Salle reestablishes european contact with the Natchez Indians, the men brought with them what? |
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Definition
| The men brought with them their wives, families, and their African slaves |
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Term
| What was the primary purpose of Robert La Salle reconnecting with the Natchez Indians. |
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Definition
| The primary purpose was to gain control of the area. They want control of the Mississippi River |
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Term
| What happens with the French settlers and the Natchez Indians when they want to control the Mississippi River? |
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Definition
| This draws the French into conflict with the Natchez Indians. There were a lot of lives lost in their fights with one another (100s of people) |
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Term
| In the early 1730s, who is able to defeat the Natchez and gives the French control of the Natchez Region? |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1910, he estimated that their were 1 million Native Americans prior to Columbus's arrival, called "pre-columbian" |
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Definition
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Term
| James Mooney estimated that there were 1 million Native Americans prior to Columbus's arrival,but scholars have argued that it is somewhere between what number? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Native Americans were a very religious people. |
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Definition
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Term
| How important were dreams to the Native Americans? |
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Definition
| Dreams were VERY important to Native Americans. |
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Term
| Religious leaders known as ________ play an important role in societys. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Shamans had two jobs. What were they? |
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Definition
1. On one hand they were medicine men (like doctors)
2. The shamans other job was to explain dreams |
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Term
| Indian male and female children went through rights of passage. What were they? |
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Definition
| Periods of solitude to meditate and to communicate with nature. |
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Term
| What was the center of the Indian family structure? |
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Definition
| Indians stressed kinship over the nuclear family. Aunts, uncles, cousins, etc. |
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Term
| Was divorce common or not so common in the Indian culture? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Indian males sometimes took more than one wife. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Indian societys were not as open sexually as Europeans. |
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Definition
| False. Indian societys were much more sexually open than the Europeans |
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Term
| An individuals identity is traced by the mother to the grandmother rather than the male side. What is the name of this term. |
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Definition
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Term
| In order for the Europeans to survive, they are going to have to learn things like agriculture from ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the Axtell Article, what were the characteristics of the Jesuits? |
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Definition
1. Very highly educated
2. Direct product of reformation(to convert the Indians to a specific kind of Religion)
3. Persuasive
4. Adapt to the Indians way and culture while maintaining their culture |
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Term
| According to the Axtell Article, what was the strategy the Jesuits used? |
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Definition
| 1. Undermine the authority of the Shamens 2. Priests said Indians were dying because they were worshipping the wrong gods and they needed to convert (death and disease) 3. Language skills 4. They targeted the leaders so everyone else would convert and follow |
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