Term
| What was the Bill of Rights? Why was it felt to be necessary? |
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Definition
| First ten amendments of the constution that state the rights of the people; So that the rights of the people would not be violated by the government. |
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Term
| Who were Washington's first department heads? |
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Definition
Alexander Hamilton- Sec. of Treasury
John Jay- Sec. of State (short term)
Thomas Jefferson- Sec. of State
Henry Knox- Sec. of War |
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Term
| How did the presidential cabinet emerge? |
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Definition
| Washington started to meet with this department heads on a regular basis. |
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Term
| Describe Hamilton's funding plan. How was this to ensure the success of the new government? |
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Definition
Several parts to the plan:
-Funding of national debt
-Assumption of state debts
-Creation of National bank
*Old gov't bonds would be exchanged for new ones at the same face value.
*By leaking info. he ensured congress would pass the plan. |
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Term
| How did James Madison respond to Hamilton's plan? |
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Definition
| Madison objected to Hamilton's plan; He felt there was a way to be fair the the bond owners, especially veterans; He spoke up in congress against this plan but it was passed anyway. |
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Term
| Why was there conflict over Hamilton's proposal that the federal gov't assume responsibility for payment of state debts? |
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Definition
| Some states, southern states, had been responsible and paid off their debts and they didn't want tax money going to the irresponsible states. |
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Term
| What arrangement swayed congress to pass Hamilton's program? |
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Definition
| Establishing a new national capital in southern territory. |
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Term
| What were the functions of the Bank of the United States? |
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Definition
-It would be able to issue paper notes that served as money.
-Would be able to issue loans to the gov't.
-Would be a place where gov't could keep their money. |
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Term
| Who opposed the bank and why? |
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Definition
| Madison and Jefferson opposed the plan of having a national bank because it was not in the constitution. |
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Term
| What was the whisky rebellion? |
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Definition
| A tax was placed on whisky; Farmers in western Pennsylvania opposed this tax b/c it threatened their livelyhood. The western PA farmers refused to pay the tax and gov't sent troops to restore order. *This showed that the gov't had authority and could enforce laws. |
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Term
| What was going on with the British and the Indians in the NW territory during Washington's administration? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the differences in the political philosophies of Hamilton and Jefferson. What was Madison's position?Washington's? |
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Definition
Hamilton & Washington: (Federalists)
-Represented Federalists
-Wanted strong central gov't
-Gov't help for manufacturing and trade
-Supported wealthy
Jefferson & Madison: (Republicans)
-Represented the Anti-Federalists
-Wanted states rights
-Believed American would always be ran by small farmers
-Supported the common man |
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Term
| How did political parties elvolve out of these differing political opinions? |
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Definition
Both parties used newspapers to state their views.
Federalists were lead by the views of Hamilton and Washington.
Republicans were led by the views of Jefferson and Madison. |
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Term
| What were the Federalists advantages? |
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Definition
| They could give gov't jobs to their supporters; had a well thought out plan; wealthy supporters; had support from clergy and other influenceful people. |
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Term
| How did the French Revolution affect the development of American political parties? |
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Definition
| Hamilton and Federalists opposed the Revolution; Jefferson and Republicans did not approve of the violence but approved the revolution itself. |
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Term
| Who was Citizen Genet? How did his activities affect American politics? |
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Definition
| He was an ambassador from France who came to America to recruit American men to fight for France agains Britain and Spain. |
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Term
| How did the war in Europe affect the American economy? |
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Definition
| Americans traded with the French West Indies; prosperity |
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Term
| How did the British respond to American trade with the Grench West Indies? |
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Definition
| The British said anyone trading with the French West Indies would be guilty of treason and their ships would be confiscated; Britain captured about 300 American ships and forced American men into the British navy. |
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Term
| What were the purposes of John Jay's negotiations with Britain? |
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Definition
-Get Britain out of the NorthWest
-Respect rights of neutrals
-Pay for the ships that they had captured
-Commercial treaty |
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Term
| What were the terms of Jay's Treaty? What was the public reaction? |
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Definition
-Get British out of North West
-British could trade with Indians
-American public didn't like the terms of the treaty. |
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Term
| What were the terms of the Pinckney's Treaty? |
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Definition
Treaty w/ Spain (Benefitted Americans)
-Settled the nothern Fl boundary
-Gave Americans the right to use the Mississippi River.
-Gave Americans the right to use the port of New Orleans |
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Term
| What did Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? |
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Definition
| Political partry conflicts and permanent foriegn alliances. |
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Term
| Who won the election of 1796 and what was unusual about the election results? |
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Definition
| John Adams won the election of 1796 and the loser of the presidential election became vice president (Thomas Jefferson) |
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Term
| What was the XYZ Affair? What were its results? |
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Definition
French agents who wanted Americans to pay a bribe of $250,000 just to speak with Tallyrand.
-Congress expanded military to repeal the treaties with France. |
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Term
| What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? Why did courts nbot find them unconstitutional? |
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Definition
Adams and the Federalists were striking out against their opponents (Immigrants) and passed these Acts stating:
-Residency requirements raised from 5 years to 14 years
-president could order an alien out of the country
-President could jail enemy aliens.
-prohibited speaking or writing against the gov't.
The courts were full of Federalists who agreed with the Alien and Sedition Acts. |
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Term
| What were the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions? |
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Definition
Any state could nullify Fed. laws they thought were unconstitutional laws.
Madison and Jefferson created in response to Alien and Sedition Acts. |
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Term
| Who were the candidates in the election of 1800? Who won? What was unusual about these election results? |
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Definition
| Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson tied for president; House of Representatives decided on the winner. Jefferson was declared president. Burr was declared VP. It was decided that from then on electors would vote on seperate ballats for president and vice president. |
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Term
| What did the 12th amendment to the constitution provide for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the significance of the Judiciary Act of 1801? |
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Definition
| Federalists party dies out. |
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