Term
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Definition
| A parent cell divides to form two daughter cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A special type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell to half the number of chromosomes in the parent cell |
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Term
| Characteristics of ionizing radiation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Linear energy transfer (LET) |
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Term
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Definition
| LET is the normal energy dropped per unit length of track by ionizing radiation as it goes through and interacts with a medium along the way |
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Term
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Definition
| Low-LET radiation (x-rays and gamma rays) doses that are not excessive mainly cause indirect damage to biologic tissues that usually can be reversed by repair enzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| High-LET radiation (alpha particles, ions of heavy nuclei, and low-energy neutrons) can produce irreparable damage to DNA because of inducing multiple-strand breaks that cannot be undone by repair enzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Relative biologic effectiveness |
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Term
| What is the relation between LET and RBE |
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Definition
| When the LET is higher the biological effects, RBE, are more severe. |
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Term
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Definition
| It's parallel to LET in finding out different doses of radiation's effect on biological effects. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Comparatively like RBE, however, its main focus is on the injury of cells. |
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Term
| What is direct and indirect action? |
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Definition
| The action is direct when biological damage occurs and indirect when radiation reacts with water molecules of i.e. DNA. |
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Term
| Is Low LET direct or indirect? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is high LET direct or indirect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the law of Bergonié and Tribondeau |
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Definition
| The most pronounced radiation effects occur in cells with the least maturity and specialization or differentiation, the greatest reproductive activity, and the longest mitotic phases. |
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Term
| What could happen should an embryo-fetus suffer radiation damage? |
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Definition
| CNS anomalies, microcephaly, and intellectual disability. |
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Term
| What are Lymphocytes for? |
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Definition
| Fight off infection for the body. Highly radio-sensitive. |
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Term
| What are some consequences to the cell from structural changes within the nucleus? |
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Definition
| Restitution, deletion, broken-end rearrangement, or broken-end rearrangement without visible damage to the chromatids. |
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Term
| Are Muscle cells sensitive or insensitive to radiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a key factor in determining radiosensitivity for cells? |
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Definition
| The rate at which they multiply. |
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