Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the formation of blood cells |
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Definition
| the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum |
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Definition
| the fives bones that form the palms of the hand |
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Definition
| the bony structure units of the spinal column |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as the hip socket, is the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint |
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Term
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Definition
| the rounded bony protuberance on each side of the ankle |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the foot to which the toes are attached |
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Term
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Definition
| the abnormal softening of cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| a slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as a bunion, is an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as wear-and-tear arthritis, is most commonly associated with aging |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as spinal osteoarthritis, is a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and fuction |
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Term
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Definition
| commonly known by its abbreviation RA, is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as low back pain, is pain of the lumbar region of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it |
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Term
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Definition
| a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures |
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Term
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Definition
| a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| also spelled ostitis, is an inflammation of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as adult rickets, is abnormal softening of the bones in adults |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the death of bone tissue due to a lack of insufficient blood supply |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as osteitis deformans, a bone disease of unknown cause |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the periosteum |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as infantile osteomalacia, a deficiency occurring in children |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in the red bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| a benign bony projection covered with cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging |
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Term
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Definition
| thinner than average bone density in a young person |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as a vertebral crush fracture, occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself. |
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Term
| osteoporotic hip fracture |
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Definition
| also known as a broken hip, is usually caused by weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as the result of a fall |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as a compound fracture, is one in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| a fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain |
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Term
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Definition
| a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as crepitus, the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together |
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Term
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Definition
| the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint |
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Term
| dual x-ray absorptiometry |
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Definition
| a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density |
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Term
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Definition
| means originating within another |
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Term
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Definition
| means originating within an individual |
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Term
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Definition
| a mechanical appliance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function |
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Term
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Definition
| a substitute for a diseased or missing body part, such as a leg that has been amputated |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as surgical ankylosis, is the surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint |
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Term
| percutaneous vertebroplasty |
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Definition
| performed to treat a herniated intervertebral disk |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical removal a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the circular movement at the far end of a limb |
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Term
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Definition
| turns the palm of the hand downward or backward |
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Term
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Definition
| bends the foot upward at the ankle |
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Term
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Definition
| means slanted or at an angle |
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Term
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Definition
| a ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue, diffuse and or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain, and a wide range of other symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems |
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Term
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Definition
| a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally |
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Term
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Definition
| means weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures |
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Term
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Definition
| the herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in fascia surrounding it |
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Term
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Definition
| the degeneration of muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| a muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging |
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Term
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Definition
| lacking normal muscle tone or strength |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA partial ataxia, a mild form of ataxia |
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Term
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Definition
| the permanent tightening of facia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues |
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Term
| intermittent claudication |
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Definition
| pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieve by rest |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA wryneck, is a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side |
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Term
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Definition
| extreme slowness in movement |
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Term
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Definition
| the distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA hyperactivity, is abnormally increased muscle function or activity |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormally decreased muscle function or activity |
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Term
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Definition
| the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| jerking of a muscle or group of muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA hiccups, myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint |
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Term
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Definition
| a harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow |
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Term
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Definition
| a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus (heel) bone that can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| an injury to a join, such as an ankle, knee, or wrist that usually involves a stretched or torn ligament |
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Term
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Definition
| a painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply |
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Term
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Definition
| the weakness or slight muscular paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
| slight paralysis or weakness affection one side of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| total paralysis affecting only one side of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis of all four extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA nerve conduction studies, a diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| a specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ), and carpal tunnel syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA tendolysis, is the release of a tendon from adhesions |
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Term
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Definition
| a surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA pericardial sac, the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA white blood cells (WBC), are the blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances |
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Term
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Definition
| hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA angina pectoris, a condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA heart attack, the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of a heart valve |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| describes an abnormality, or the loss of the normal rhythm, of the heartbeat |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormally slow resting heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormally rapid resting heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA A fib, occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall |
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Term
| paroxysmal atrial tachycardia |
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Definition
| AKA PAT, an episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA V fib, the rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA V tach, a very rapid heart beat that begins within the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress |
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Term
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Definition
| a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement, of the wall of an artery |
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Term
| chronic venous insufficiency |
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Definition
| AKA venous insufficiency, a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves |
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Term
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Definition
| the inflammation of a vein |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormally swollen veins, usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of having a thrombus |
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Term
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Definition
| the blocking of an artery by a thrombus |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery |
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Term
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Definition
| the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus |
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Term
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Definition
| a foreign object, such s a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, ora bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| any situation in which the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood is less than normal |
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Term
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Definition
| (blood poisoning) a systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| a serious, and potentially fatal, complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match |
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Term
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Definition
| (preleukemia) a group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| a lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition of an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by a lack of the protein intrinsic factor (IF) that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
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Definition
| a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA postural hypotension, low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up |
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Term
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Definition
| a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium |
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Term
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Definition
| performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract resulting in hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heart beat |
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Term
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Definition
| administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water |
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Term
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Definition
| slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA clot-busting drug, dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical removal of plaque build up from the interior of an artery |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA cardioversion, the use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm |
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Term
| automated external defibrillator |
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Definition
| designed for use by nonprofessionals in emergency situations when defibrillation is required |
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