Term
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Definition
| THE TRADITIONAL 4 SENSES-TASTE, SMELL, SIGHT, HEARING |
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Term
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Definition
| ARE EITHER LARGE, COMPLEX SENSORY ORGANS (EYES, TEARS) OR LOCALIZED CLUSTERS OF RECEPTORS (TASTE BUDS, OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM) |
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Term
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Definition
| THE EXTRINSIC EYE MUSCLES, EYE LIDS, CONJUNCTIVA, AND LACRIMAL APPARATUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| ANTERIORILY PROTECTS THE EYES. THE EYELIDS MEET AT THE MEDIAL AND LATERAL CORNERS OF THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| (CANTHUS) THE MEDIAL CORNER OF THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| (CANTHUS) THE LATERAL CORNER OF THE EYE |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SPACE BETWEEN THE EYELIDS |
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Term
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Definition
| MODIFIED SEBACEOUS GLANDS ASSOCIATED WITH THE EYELID EDGES. PRODUCES AN OILY SECRETION THAT LUBRICATES THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| MODIFIED SWEAT GLANDS LIE IN BETWEEN THE EYELASHES |
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Term
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Definition
| IS A MUCOUS MEMBRANE THAT LINES THE EYELIDS AND COVERS PART OF THE OUTER SURFACE OF THE EYEBALL. THE CONJUNCTIVA SECRETES MUCOUS TO LUBRICATE THE EYEBALL AND KEEP IT MOIST. |
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Term
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Definition
| IS MADE UP OF THE LACRIMAL GLANDS AND DUCTS THAT DRAIN LACRIMAL SECRETIONS INTO THE NASAL CAVITY |
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Term
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Definition
| LOCATED ABOVE THE LATERAL END OF EACH EYE, RELEASES TEARS (TEARS-DILUTE SALT SOLUTION) |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SHORT PASSAGE IN THE EYELID, BEGINNING AT THE LACRIMAL POINT AND DRAINING TEARS FROM THE LACRIMAL LAKE TO THE LACRIMAL SAC. |
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Term
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Definition
THE DIALTED UPPER PORTION OF THE NASOLACRIMAL DUCT THAT RECEIVES TEARS FROM THE LACRIMAL DUCTS
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Term
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Definition
| (TEAR DUCT) CARRIES TEARS FROM THE LACRIMAL SAC INTO THE NASAL CAVITY |
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Term
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Definition
| AN ENZYME IN LACRIMAL SECRETION THAT DESTROYS BACTERIA |
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Term
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Definition
| INFLAMATION OF THE CONJUNCTIVA THAT CAUSES RED, IRRITATED EYES |
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Term
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Definition
| EYE INFECTION CAUSED BY BACTERIA OR VIRUSES |
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Term
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Definition
| THERE ARE 6 EXTRINISIC EYE MUSCLES: LATERAL RECTUS, MEDIAL RECTUS, SUPERIOR RECTUS, INTERIOR RECTUS, INFERIOR OBLIQUE, SUPERIOR OBLIQUE. |
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Term
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Definition
| EXTERNAL EYE MUSCLE THAT MOVES THE EYE LATERALLY. THE CONTROLLING CRANIAL NERVE IS THE ABDUCENS. |
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Term
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Definition
| EXTERNAL EYE MUSCLE THAT MOVES THE EYE MEDIALLY. THE CONTROLLING CRANIAL NERVE IS THE OCULOMOTER. |
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Term
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Definition
| EXTERNAL EYE MUSCLE THAT ELEVATES THE EYE AND TURNS IT MEDIALLY. THE CONTROLLING CRANIAL NERVE IS THE OCULOMETER. |
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Term
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Definition
| EXTERIOR EYE MUSCLE DEPRESSES THE EYE AND TURNS IT MEDIALLY. THE CONTROLLING CRANIAL NERVE IS THE OCULOMOTOR. |
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Term
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Definition
| EXTERIOR EYE MUSCLE THAT ELEVATES THE EYE AND TURNS IT LATERALLY. tHE CONTROLLING CRANIAL NERVE IS THE OCULOMOTOR. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE EXTERNAL EYE MUSCLE THAT DEPRESSES THE EYE AND TURNS IT LATERALLY. THE CONTROLLING CRANIAL NERVE IS THE TROCHLEAR. |
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Term
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Definition
| FLUIDS THAT FILL THE INTERIOR OF THE EYEBALL TO KEEP THE EYELIDS IN SHAPE. |
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Term
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Definition
| OUTER LAYER OF THE EYEBALL MADE UP OF THE SCLERA AND THE CORNEA. |
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Term
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Definition
| THICK, WHITE CONNECTIVE TISSUE KNOWN AS THE WHITE OF THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| TRANSPARENT TISSUE THAT LETS LIGHT ENTER THE EYE. IT IS THE MOST EXPOSED PART OF THE EYE. IT CAN REPAIR ITSELF AND HAS NO BLOOD VESSELS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE MIDDLE LAYER OF THE EYEBALL. IT HAS 3 REGIONS: THE CHOROID, CILIARY BODY, AND IRIS. |
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Term
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Definition
The ciliary body is the structure in the eye that releases a transparent liquid (called the aqueous humor) within the eye.
The ciliary body also contains the ciliary muscle, which changes the shape of the lens when your eyes focus on something. This process is called accommodation. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE BLOOD-RICH NUTRITIVE TUNIC THAT HAS A DARK PIGMENT. THE PIGMENT PREVENTS LIGHT FROM ENTERING THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PIGMENTED, INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE THAT ACTS AS THE DIAPHRAGM OF THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PUPIL IS A HOLE LOCATED IN THE CENTER OF THE IRIS OF THE EYE THAT ALLOWS LIGHT TO ENTER THE RETINA. IT APPEARS BLACK BECAUSE MOST OF THE LIGHT ENTERING THE PUPIL IS ABSORBED BY THE TISSUES INSIDE THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| INNERMOST LAYER OF THE EYEBALL KNOWN AS THE RETINA |
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Term
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Definition
| THE LIGHT SENSITIVE LAYER OF THE EYE; CONTAINS RODS AND CONES. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PIGMENTED LAYER OF THE RETINA OR RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM (RPE)IS THE PIGMENTED CELL LAYER JUST OUTSIDE THE NEUROSENSORY RETINA THAT NOURISHES RETINAL VISUAL CELLS, AND IS FIRMLY ATTACHED TO THE UNDERLYING CHOROID AND OVERLYING RETINAL CELLS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE TRANSPARENT LAYER OF THE RETINA CONTAINING MILLIONS OF RODS AND CONES. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| RECEPTORS THAT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR VISION AT LOW LIGHT LEVELS (SCOTOPIC VISION). |
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Term
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Definition
| RECEPTORS THAT ARE ACTIVE AT HIGHER LIGHT LEVELS (PHOTOPIC VISION) AND ARE CAPABLE OF COLOR VISION AND ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR HIGH SPATIAL ACUITY. |
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Term
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Definition
| IMPAIRS THE ABILITY TO DRIVE SAFELY AT NIGHT. CAUSED BY ANYTHING THAT INTERFERES WITH ROD FUNCTION. ALSO CAUSED BY VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY. |
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Term
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Definition
| A TINY PIT THAT CONTAINS ONLY CONES LATERAL TO EACH BLIND SPOT. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| IMPULSES RECEIVED AT THE SAME TIME FROM MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF CONE BY THE VISUAL CORTEX. |
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Term
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Definition
| CELLS THAT ARE PART OF THE RETINA THAT EXSIST BETWEEN THE PHOTORECEPTORS (RODS AND CONES) AND THE GANGLION CELLS. THEY ACT INDIRECTLY OR DIRECLTY TO TRANSMIT SIGNALS FROM THE PHOTORECEPTORS TO THE GANGLION CELLS. |
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Term
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Definition
A RETINAL GANGLION CELL(RGC) IS A TYPE OF NEURON OF THE RETINA.
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Term
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Definition
| ALSO CALLED THE CRANIAL NERVE 2, TRANSMITS VISUAL INFORMATION FROM THE RETINA TO THE BRAIN. |
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Term
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Definition
THE OPTIC DISC OR OPTIC NERVE HEAD IS THE LOCATION WHERE GANGLION CELL AXONS EXIT THE EYE TO FORM THE OPTIC NERVE. THERE ARE NO LIGHT SENSITIVE RODS OR CONES TO RESPOND TO A LIGHT STIMULUS AT THIS POINT. THIS CAUSES A BREAK IN THE VISUAL FIELD CALLED :THE BLIND SPOT". THE OPTIC DISC REPRESENTS THE BEGINNING OF THE OPTIC NERVE. (THE SECOND CRANIAL NERVE) AND IS THE POINT WHERE THE AXONS OF RETINAL GANGLION CELLS COME TOGETHER. THE OPTIC DISC IS ALSO THE ENTRY POINT FOR THE MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS THAT SUPPLY THE RETINA. |
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Term
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Definition
| FOCUSES LIGHT ENTERING THE EYE ON THE RETINA |
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Term
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Definition
| A SERIES OF FIBERS CONNECTING THE CILIARY BODY AND LENS OF THE EYE. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE LENS BECOMES HARD AND OPAQUE. THIS CAUSES VISION TO BECOME HAZY AND DISTORTED. THIS EVENTUALLY CAUSES BLINDNESS. THE BLINDNESS CAN BE TREATED WITH THE SURICAL REMOVAL OF THE LENS AND REPLACED WITH A LENS TRANSPLANT. |
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Term
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Definition
| A CLEAR, WATERY FLUID THAT FILLS THE ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE LENS. SIMILAR TO BLOOD PLASMA. |
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Term
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Definition
| A GEL-LIKE SUBSTANCE THAT FILLS THE POSTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE LENS. HELPS TO PREVENT THE EYEBALL FROM COLLAPSING INWARD. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| THE VASCULAR STRUCTURE ENCIRCLING THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER OF THE EYE AND THROUGH WHICH THE AQUEOUS HUMOR IS RETURNED TO BLOOD CIRCULATION |
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Term
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Definition
| GLAUCOMA IS NOT JUST ONE EYE DISEASE, BUT A GROUP OF EYE CONDITIONS RESULTING IN OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE, WHICH CAUSES LOSS OF OF VISION. ABNORMALLY HIGH PRESSURE INSIDE YOUR EYE (INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE) USUALLY, BUT NOT ALWAYS, CAUSES THIS DAMAGE. |
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Term
OPHTHALMOSCOPE
(FUNDOSCOPE) |
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Definition
| AN INSTRUMENT THAT ILLUMINATES THE INTERIOR OF THE EYEBALL; ALLOWING THE RETINA, OPTIC DISC, AND INTERNAL BLOOD VESSELS TO BE SEEN. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE FUNDUS OF THE EYE IS THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF THE EYE, OPPOSITE THE LENS, AND INCLUDES THE RETINA, OPTIC DISC, MACULA, FOVEA, AND POSTERIOR POLE. THE FUNDUS CAN BE VIEWED WITH AN OPHTHALMOSCOPE. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| THE ABILITY OF THE EYE TO FOCUS SPECIFICALLY ON CLOSE OBJECTS (LESS THAN 20 FEET AWAY) |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PLACE WHERE THE FIBERS FROM THE MEDIAL SIDE OF EACH EYE CROSS OVER TO THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE BRAIN. |
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Term
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Definition
| IT IS A CONTINUATION OF THE OPTIC NERVE AND RUNS FROM THE OPTIC CHIASM (WHERE HALF OF THE INFORMATION FROM EACH EYE CROSSES SIDES, AND HALF STAYS ON THE SAME SIDE) TO THE LATERAL GENICULATE NUCLEUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE MASSIVE FANLIKE FIBER SYSTEM PASSING FROM THE LATERAL GENICULATE BODY OF THE THALAMUS TO THE VISUAL CORTEX. |
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Term
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Definition
| TWO-EYED VISION THAT PROVIDES FOR DEPTH PERCEPTION. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE LOSS OF THE SAME SIDE OF VISUAL FIELD OF BOTH EYES, RESULTING FROM DRAINAGE TO THE VISUAL CORTEX ON ONE SIDE; CAN'T SEE PAST THE MIDDLE TO EITHER THE RIGHT OR LEFT SIDE. |
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Term
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Definition
THE VISUAL CORTEX OF THE BRAIN IS THE PART OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX RESPONSIBLE FOR VISUAL INFORMATION LOCATED IN THE OCCIPITAL LOBE, IN THE BACK OF THE BRAIN. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE REFLEXIVE MOVEMENT OF THE EYES MEDIALLY WHEN WE VIEW CLOSE OBJECTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| IMMEDIATE CONSTRICTION OF THE PUPILS WHEN THE EYE IS SUDDENLY EXPOSED TO BRIGHTER LIGHT. PREVENTS EXCESSIVE BRIGHT LIGHT FROM DAMAGING PHOTORECEPTORS. |
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Term
| ACCOMODATION PUPILLARY REFLEX |
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Definition
| CONSTRICTION OF THE PUPILS REFLEXIVELY WHEN CLOSE OBJECTS ARE VIEWED; PROVIDES FOR MORE ACUTE VISION. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE EYE THAT FOCUSES IMAGES CORRECTLY ON THE RETINA-"HARMONIOUS VISION". |
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Term
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Definition
| NEARSIGHTEDNESS; DISTANT OBJECTS APPEAR BLURRY. |
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Term
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Definition
| FARSIGHTEDNESS; SEE DISTANT OBJECTS; PROBLEMS SEEING CLOSE OBJECTS. RESULTS FROM AN EYEBALL THAT IS TOO SHORT. |
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Term
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Definition
| BLURY IMAGES OCCUR BECAUSE POINTS OF LIGHT ARE FOCUSED NOT AS POINTS ON THE RETINA, BUT AS LINES. |
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Term
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Definition
| RECEPTORS SENSITIVE TO MECHANICAL PRESSURES SUCH AS TOUCH, SOUND, OR CONTRACTIONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE OUTER EAR MADE UP OF THE AURICLE AND THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| SHELL SHAPED STRUCTURE SURROUNDING THE AUDITORY CANAL OPENING. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| AUDITORY CANAL; A SHORT, NARROW CHAMBER (1 INCH LONG BY 1/4 INCH WIDE) CARVED INTO THE TEMPORAL BONE OF THE SKULL. |
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Term
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Definition
GLANDS LOCATED IN THE
SKIN-LIKE WALLS OF THE AUDITORY CANAL THAT SECRETE A WAXY YELLOW SUBSTANCE (EARWAX). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| EARDRUM; SOUND WAVES ENTER THE AUDITORY CANAL EVENTUALLY HIT THIS MEMBRANE AND CAUSE IT TO VIBRATE. |
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Term
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Definition
| TYMPANIC CAVITY; IS A SMALL, AIR-FILLED, MUCOSA-LINED CAVITY WITHIN THE TEMPORAL BONE. |
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Term
PHARYNGOTYMPANIX
(EUSTACHIAN TUBE) |
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Definition
| A TUBE THAT CONNECTS THE MIDDLE EAR AND THE PHARYNX; ALLOWS PRESSURE TO BE EQUALIZED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE EAR DRUM. |
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Term
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Definition
| INFLAMATION OF THE MIDDLE EAR; RESULTS FROM A SORE THROAT |
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Term
| OVAL WINDOW(VESTIBULR WINDOW) |
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Definition
| IS A MEMBRANE-COVERED OPENING WHICH LEADS FROM THE MIDDLE EAR TO THE VESTIBULE OF THE INNER EAR. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE ROUND WINDOW IS ONE OF THE TWO OPENINGS INTO THE INNER EAR. IT IS CLOSED OFF FROM THE MIDDLE EAR BY THE THE ROUND WINDOW MEMRANE, WHICH VIBRATES WITH OPPOSITE PHASE TO VIBRATIONS ENTERING THE INNER EAR THROUGHT THE OVAL WINDOW; IT ALLOWS FLUID IN THE COCHLEA TO MOVE, WHICH IN TURN ENSURES THAT HAIR CELLS OF THE BASILAR MEMBRANE WILL BE STIMULATED AND THAT AUDITION WILL OCCUR. |
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Term
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Definition
| LANCING OF THE EARDRUM REQUIRED TO RELIEVE PRESSURE IN THE EAR CAUSED BY TOO MUCH FLUID OR PUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE THREE BONES OF THE MIDDLE EAR; ANVIL, HAMMER, STIRRUP |
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Term
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Definition
HAMMER OR MALLEUS
ANVIL OR INCUS
STIRRUP OR STAPES
THE HAMMER MOVES AND TRANSFERS VIBRATION TO THE ANVIL; THE STIRRUP PRESSES ON THE OVAL WINDOW; EVENTUALLY EXCITING HEARING RECEPTORS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A MAZE OF BONY CHAMBERS CALLED THE OSSEOUS (BONY) LABYRYINTH LOCATED DEEP WITHIN THE TEMPORAL BONE BEHIND EYE SOCKET. |
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Term
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Definition
| A CAVITY OF THE INNER EAR RESEMBLING A SNAIL SHELL; HOUSES THE HEARING RECEPTOR. |
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Term
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Definition
| SITUATED IN THE INTERNAL EAR BETWEEN THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS AND THE COCHLEA |
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Term
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Definition
| PLASMA-LIKE FLUID THAT FILLS THE OSSEOUS LABYRINTH |
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Term
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Definition
| (LOCATED IN THE PERILYMPH) A SYSTEM OF MEMBRANE SACS THAT FOLLOWS THAT SHAPE OF THE BONY LABYRINTH. |
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Term
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Definition
| THICK FLUID THAT IS LOCATED IN THE MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH. |
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Term
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Definition
| EQUILIBRIUM RECEPTORS OF THE INNER EAR. |
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Term
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Definition
| STATIC EQUILIBRIUM RECEPTORS PROVIDES INFORMATION ON WHICH WAY IS UP OR DOWN; HELPS US KEEP OUR HEAD ERECT. |
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Term
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Definition
| A JELLY-LIKE MASS STUDDED WITH OTOLITHS; THE HAIRS OF THE MACULE ARE EMBEDDED IN THIS SUBSTANCE. |
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Term
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Definition
| TINY STONES MADE OF CALCIUM SALTS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SPECIAL SENSE WHICH INTERPRETS THE POSITION OF THE HEAD PERMITTING THE CNS TO MAINTAIN STABILITY AND POSTURE WHEN THE HEAD AND BODY ARE NOT MOVING; IT IS DETECTED BY MECAHNORECEPTORS IN THE VESTIBULE OF THE INNER EAR, THE UTRICLE AND SACCULE, WHICH EACH CONTAIN A MACULA WITH THE RECEPTORS FOR STATIC EQUILIBRIUM; WHEN THE HEAD MOVES WITH REFERENCE TO GRAVITY, THE OTOLITHIC MEMBRANE SHIFTS THE MECHANORECEPTORS (HAIR CELLS) IN THE MACULA DETECT THIS MOVEMENT AND SEND THE INFORMATION ALONG THE VESTIBULAR NERVE TO THE BRAIN FOR INTERPRETATION ("WHICH WAY IS UP"). |
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Term
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Definition
The division of the vestibulcochlear (eighth) cranial nerve which conducts sensory information regarding static and dynamic equilibrium from the vetibular apparatus of the inner ear to the various centers of the CNS which process and integrate that information with visual
and proprioception. |
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Term
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Definition
| RECEPTORS FOUND IN THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS THAT RESPOND TO ANGULAR ROATATORY MOVEMENTS OF THE HEAD. |
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Term
| CRISTA AMPULLARIS (CRISTA) |
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Definition
| A RECEPTOR REGION MADE UP OF A TUFT OF HAIR CELLS COVERED WITH A GELATINOUS CAP CALLED THE CUPULA. |
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Term
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Definition
| A GELATINOUS CAP THAT COVERS HAIR CELLS IN THE INNER EAR. |
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Term
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Definition
| A SWOLLEN REGION AT THE BASE OF EACH MEMBRANOUS SEMICIRCULAR CANAL OF THE EAR. |
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Term
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Definition
| LOCATED IN THE COCHLEAR DUCT; CONTAINS THE HEARING RECEPTORS (HAIR CELLS) |
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Term
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Definition
| THE COCHLEA IS THE AUDITORY PORTION OF THE INNER EAR. IT IS A SPIRAL-SHAPED CAVITY IN THE BONY LABYRINTH, MAKING 2.5 TURNS AROUND ITS AXIS, THE MODIOLUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A DIVISION OF THE CRANIAL NERVE VIII (THE VESTIBULOR COCHLEAR NERVE) THAT HAIR CELLS TRANSMIT IMPULSES ALONG TO THE AUDITORY CORTEX IN THE TEMPORAL LOBE, WHERE INTERPRETATION OF SOUND (HEARING) OCCURS. |
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Term
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Definition
| HEARING LOSS OF ANY DEGREE |
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Term
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Definition
| COULD BE CAUSED BY EARWAX BUILDUP OR FUSIONOF THE OSSICLES; RESULTS WHEN SOMETHING INTERFERES WITH THE CONDUCTION OF SOUND VIBRATION TO THE FLUIDS IN THE EAR. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| THE BASILAR MEMBRANE WITHIN THE COCHLEA OF THE INNER EAR IS A STIFF STRUCTURAL ELEMENT THAT SEPARATES TWO LIQUID-FILLED TUBES THAT RUN ALONG THE COIL OF THE COCHLEA, THE SCALA MEDIA, AND THE SCALA TYMPANI. |
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Term
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Definition
A JELLY-LIKE MEMBRANE COVERING THE ORGAN OF CORTI IN THE EAR. A STRONG SHEET OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE RUNNING FROM THE BASILAR PART OF THE OCCIPITAL BONE TO THE DORSAL SURFACE OF THE BODIES OF THE AXIS AND THIRD CERVICAL VERTEBRA.
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Term
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Definition
| A PROBLEM OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURES THAT OCCUR WHEN THERE IS A DEGENERATION OR DAMAGE TO THE RECEPTOR CELLS IN THE SPINAL ORGAN OF THE CORTI, TO THE COCHLEA NERVE OR TO NEURONS OF THE AUDITORY CORTEX. |
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Term
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Definition
| AN EAR INFECTION THAT IS MOST OFTEN A BACTERIAL OR VIRAL INFECTION THAT AFFECTS THE MIDDLE EAR, THE AIR-FILLED SPACE BEHIND THE EARDRUM THAT CONTAINS THE TINY VIBRATING BONES OF THE EAR. CHILDREN ARE MORE LIKELY THAN ADULTS TO GET EAR INFECTIONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| PROGRESSIVE DEAFNESS; SUSPECTED CAUSES ARE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, DEGENERATION OF CRANIAL NERVE VIII AND INCREASED PRESSURE OF THE INNER EAR FLUIDS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A SENSATION OF SPINNING; CAN'T STAND UP WITHOUT EXTREME DISCOMFORT. |
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Term
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Definition
| RECEPTORS FOR TASTE AND OLFACTION |
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Term
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Definition
| RECEPTORS FOR THE SENSE OF SMELL(1,000'S OCCUPY THE AREA OF ONE POSTAGE STAMP) IN THE ROOF OF EACH NASAL CAVITY. |
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Term
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Definition
| NEURONS EQUIPPED WITH OLFACTORY HAIRS. |
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Term
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Definition
| LONG CILIA THAT PROTRUDE FROM THE NASAL EPITHELIUM AND ARE CONTINUOUSLY BATHED BY A LAYER OF MUCOSA. |
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Term
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Definition
| BUNDLED AXONS OF OLFACTORY NEURONS THAT COLLECTIVELY MAKE UP THE OLFACTORY NERVE. |
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Term
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Definition
CRANIAL NERVE I;
A NERVE THAT REGISTERS SMELLS BY CARRYING THE IMPULSES FOR THE SENSE OF SMELL FROM THE NOSE TO THE BRAIN. OLFACTORY NERVES CONTINUOUSLY REGENERATE. THE OLFACTORY NERVES ARE THE ONLY NERVES IN THE HUMAN BODY KNOW TO POSSESS THIS REMARKABLE CAPACITY FOR
SELF-RENEWAL. |
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Term
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Definition
| OLFACTORY DISORDERS; MOST RESULT FROM HEAD INJURY, NASAL CAVITY INFLAMATION, OR AGING. |
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Term
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Definition
| HALLUCINATIONS; EXPERIENCED BY SOME EPILEPTICS JUST BEFORE THEIR SEIZURES. |
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Term
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Definition
| SPECIFIC RECEPTORS FOR TASTE. 10,000 TASTEBUDS MOSTLY ON THE TOUNGE; SOME SCATTERED ON THE PALATE AND INNER CHEEKS. |
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Term
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Definition
| SPECIFIC CELLS THAT RESPOND TO THE CHEMICALS DISOLVED IN THE EPITHELIAL CELLS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE NERVE OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; SERVES THE ANTERIOR PART OF THE NERVE. |
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Term
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Definition
| STEM CELLS FOUND IN THE DEEP REGIONS OF THE TASTE BUDS. |
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Term
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Definition
| JAPANESE WORD FOR DELICIOUS. |
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Term
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Definition
| CROSSED EYES; RESULTS FROM THE UNEQUAL PULLS BY THE EXTERNAL EYE MUSCLES THAT PREVENT THE BODY FROM COORDINATING MOVEMENT OF THE 2 EYES. |
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Term
OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM
(CONJUNCTIVITIS) |
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Definition
| A BABY'S EYES BECOME RED AND SWOLLEN DURING BIRTH; CAUSED BY THE MOTHER HAVING A SECUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE. |
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Term
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Definition
| OLD-VISION; RESULTS FROM DECREASING LENS ELASTICITY THAT ACCOMPANIES AGING; DIFFICULTY WITH CLOSE VISION (FARSIGHTEDNESS) |
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Term
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Definition
| A TYPE OF SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS |
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Term
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Definition
| WHEN THE EAR OSSICLES FUSE; CAUSING A HEARING PROBLEM. |
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Term
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Definition
| MEASLES; OCCURS DURING EARLY PREGNANCY; MAY LEAD TO CONGENITAL BLINDNESS. |
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Term
|
Definition
THE 10TH CRANIAL NERVE, OR THE WANDERING NERVE.
THE VAGUS NERVE HELPS TO REGULATE THE HEART BEAT, CONTROL MUSCLE MOVEMENT, KEEPS A PERSON BREATHING, AND TRANSMITS A VARIETY OF CHEMICALS THROUGH THE BODY. IT IS ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR KEEPING THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN WORKING ORDER, CONTRACTING THE MUSCLES OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINES TO HELP PROCESS FOOD, AND SENDING BACK INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT IS BEING DIGESTED AND WHAT THE BODY IS GETTING OUT OF IT. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE NINTH CRANIAL NERVE; SUPPLIES THE TOUNGE, THROAT, AND ONE OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS; PROBLEMS WITH THIS NERVE RESULTS IN TROUBLE TASTING AND SWALLOWING. |
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Definition
| SMALL PEG-LIKE PROJECTIONS ON THE DORSAL TOUNGE. |
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Definition
| THE MINUTE OPENING OF A TASTE BUD ON THE SURFACE OF THE ORAL MUCOSA THROUGH WHICH THE GUSTATORY HAIRS OF THE SPECIALIZED NEUROEPITHELIAL GUSTATORY CELLS PROJECT. |
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Term
GUSTATORY HAIRS
(MICROVILLI) |
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Definition
| HAIRS THAT PROJECT OFF OF THE GUSTATORY RECEPTOR CELLS OF THE TOUNG SURFACE. THE MICROVILLE SWEEP THE PASSING SALIVA FOR DISSOLVED FOOD MOLECUES AND SEND NERVE IMPULSES TO THE BRAIN TO BE INTERPRETED AS TASTE. |
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Term
CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE
(VALLATE PAPILLAE) |
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Definition
ANY OF THE USUALLY 8-12 LARGE PAPILLAE NEAR THE BACK OF THE TOUNGE; EACH IS SURROUNDED WITH A MARGINAL SULCUS AND SUPPLIED WITH TASTE BUDS RESPONSIVE TO BITTER FLAVORS.
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Term
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Definition
| THE FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE ARE MUSHROOM SHAPED PAPILLAE (PROJECTIONS) ON THE TOUNGE. THEY ARE LOACTED ON THE TOP (DORSAL) SURFACE OF THE TOUNGE. THEY HAVE TASTE BUDS ON THEIR SUPERIOR (UPPER) SURFACE WHICH CAN DISTINGUISH 5 TASTES: SWEET, SOUR, BITTER, SALTY, AND UNAMI. |
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