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Definition
| small, cubical shaped, solid bones that usually have a large articular surface in order to articulate with more than one bone. Function: Shock absorption |
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| composed of a long cylindrical shaft with wide protruding ends. Function: Levers. |
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| usually have a curved surface and vary from thick from thick where tendons attach to very thin. Function: protection, large surface area for muscle/tendon attachment |
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| include bones throughout entire spine and ischium, pubis, and maxilla. Function: Varies |
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| patella, flexor tendon of thumb and big toe. Function: improvement of mechanical advantage |
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| large, smooth, rounded projection |
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| rounded projection of epiphysis separated by a neck, looks like a mushroom or penis |
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| narrow and ridgelike process |
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| ridge of bone(less prominent than crest) |
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| sharp, slender projection |
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| line of union between bones |
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Definition
| large roughened projection |
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| small roughened projection |
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Definition
| rounded hole or opening for blood vessels or nerves |
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| shallow depression or flattened surface |
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Definition
| narrow furrow or groove-like depression |
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Definition
| depression in the margin of a bone |
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Definition
| immovable joint, gomphosis and suture which are fibrous |
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Term
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Definition
| slightly movable, syndesmosis (fibrous), symphysis and synchondrosis (cartilagenous) |
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Definition
| motion possible in one or more planes, gliding, hinge, pivot, biaxial ball and socket, saddle, multiaxial ball and socket (synovial) |
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| two bones touching held by "cement," fibrous |
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| two bones joined together by a strong ligament, allows minimal movement, fibrous |
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Definition
| type of joint separated by hyline cartilage that allows very slight movement between the bones, cartilagenous |
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Definition
| joint separated by a fibrocartilage pad that allows very slight movement between the bones, cartilagenous |
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Definition
| property of muscle being sensitive or responsive to chemical, electrical, or mechanical stimuli |
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Definition
| ability of muscle to contract and develop tension or internal forve against resistance when stimulated |
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Definition
| ability of muscle to be passively stretched beyond it normal resting length |
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Definition
| ability of muscle to return to its original length following stretching |
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Term
| similarities between afferent and efferent |
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Definition
| both have cell bodies, dendrites, axons |
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Term
| differences between afferent and efferent neurons |
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Definition
| afferent-dendrites sends messages from periphery, efferent-from spinal cord |
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Term
| action potential to axon terminals |
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Definition
| calcium uptake, release of synaptic vescicles (ACh), vescicles release ACh, ACh binds sarcolemma |
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Term
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Definition
| action potential to t tubules... 1. t tubules carry AP inside 2. AP activates sarcoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| activation of SR, Calcium released into sarcoplasm |
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Definition
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Definition
| 1. Nerve Impulse 2. Neurotransmitter release 3. Action potential along sarcolemma 4. Calcium release 5. Coupling of actin and myosin 6. Sliding filaments |
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Term
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Definition
| boy band, 1. cross bridge 2. Power stroke 3. Dissociation 4. Reactivation of myosin |
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Term
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Definition
| activated muscle group during concentric or eccentric phases of movement, most responsible for motion |
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Definition
| oppo side of joint, have the oppo concentric action, reciprocal inhibition |
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Definition
| assist in action agonists, guide the action, ex. stabilizing dumbbells while doing BP |
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Definition
| surround joint or body part, contract to fixate or stabilize area to enable another limb or body segment to exert force and move |
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Definition
| counteract or neutralize the action of another muscle to prevent undesirable movements such as inappropriate muscle substitutions, activation to resist specific actions of other muscles |
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Term
| length tension relationship |
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Definition
| tension goes up as length goes up for passive, too short-no tension, too long-no tension, connective tissue-passive, actual muscle-active |
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Term
| force velocity relationship |
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Definition
| concentric-velocity up, force down. eccentric-velocity up, force up. |
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| slow twitch, continuous, extended muscle contractions over a long time. They fire more slowly than fast twitch fibers and can go for a long time before they fatigue. Therefore, slow twitch fibers are great at helping athletes run marathons and bicycle for hours. |
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Term
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Definition
| fast twitch, better at generating short bursts of strength or speed than slow muscles. However, they fatigue more quickly. |
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