Term
| What three aspects of a pediatric patient's health should be immediately assessed after walking into the room? |
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Definition
| airway, respiratory effort, circulation (appearance of skin) |
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Term
| Stridor is produce in what aspect of the respiratory system? |
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Definition
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Term
| 66% of choking or foreign body aspiration cases in pediatric patients occurs in what age groups? |
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Definition
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Term
| What commonly aspirated item is the most fatal? |
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Definition
| balloons (peanutes were also mentioned as common foreign aspirates) |
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Term
| Which aspect of the lower respiratory system is the primary site of foreign bodies? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the C-spine level of the larynx in an adult versus a child? |
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Definition
| C2-3 in an adult but C4-C6 in a child |
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Term
| In adults or children is the epiglottis omega shaped? |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F: Most foreign bodies are not demonstratable upon chest x-ray. |
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Definition
| True, most are radioopaque (only about 15% are observable) |
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Term
| What should be done for a patient with an upper foreign body who is able to cough? |
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Definition
| Keep the patient comfortable, stable, may want to deliver O2 and prep child for OR |
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Term
| How is BLS delivered to an infant? |
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Definition
| five back blows, finger sweap of mouth, and then five chest compressions |
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Term
| A pediatric patient with croup demonstrating cyanosis should be treated how? |
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Definition
| Leave patient in position of comfort, place on cardiorespiratory monitor, administer nebulized epinephrine, corticosteroids by IM |
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Term
| What two symptoms are found in 90% of pediatric patients with croup? |
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Definition
| barking cough and stridor |
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Term
| What is the long-ass name for croup? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the age gruop in children is most commonly affected by croup (laryngotraceobronchitis)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the common pathogens responsible for croup? |
|
Definition
| Parainfluenza virus, Influenza A and B |
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Term
| Though rarely caused by baceria, when croup is of bacterial origin which bacteria are responsible? |
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Definition
| Mycoplasma pneumonia, staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Haemophilus influenzeae |
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Term
| How is croup generally diagnosed? |
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Definition
| clinically (steeple sign may be seen on radiograph) |
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Term
| What drugs are of benefit for treating croup? |
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Definition
| steroids (dexamethasone and budesonide) |
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|
Term
| Patients who have received epinephrine for treatment of croup should be observed for how long in the hospital setting? |
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Definition
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Term
| What should be done for a pediatric patient in the ER with an acute asthma attack? |
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Definition
| albuterol, 5mg and ipratropium, IV with 2 mg/kg methylprednisolone, consider magnesium |
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Term
| What "extra" sounds are heard in the lungs of an ashtma patient experiencing an attack? |
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Definition
| grunting, nasal flaring, retraction,s wheezing, rhonchi, rales |
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Term
| How should a severe asthma attack be managed? |
|
Definition
| short-acting Beta-2 agonist (up to three times in first hour), corticosteroids, oxygen, may add magnesium, may switch to beta-2 systemic agonist |
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Term
| How should allergic rhinitis be treated? |
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Definition
| intranasal steroid 1-2 weeks prior to begining of allergy season, non-sedating antihistamine/decongestant as needed, may need topical ocular antihistamine |
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