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| The academic course of instruction at a college intended to provide general knowledge and comprising the arts, humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences. |
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| Information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc. |
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| To fill or inspire, especially with ideals; saturate. |
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| To put down by force or intimidation. |
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| To continue, maintain, or preserve. |
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| The technique or science of working or heating metals so as to give them certain desired shapes. |
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| The amount of power required to operate an electrical appliance or device. |
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| The force or pressure of electricity. |
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| Equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle by a source of one candela intensity radiating equally in all directions. |
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| The amount of resistance overcome by one volt in causing one ampere to flow. The ohm measures resistance to current flow in electrical circuits. |
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| Fully and clearly expressed or demonstrated; leaving nothing merely implied; unequivocal. |
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| A complaint or resentment, as against an unjust or unfair act. |
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| Government by the people; a state of society characterized by formal equality of rights and privileges. |
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| A person who gives or makes laws. |
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| Taking place or being between groups. |
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| To draw out or lengthen in time; prolong. |
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| Shrewd; clever; cunning; ingenious; of keen penetration or discernment; sagacious. |
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| Rotation of tail rotor blade causes helicopter to move forward. |
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| A valve that regulates the supply of fuel to the engine. |
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| Upward angle formed by wings. |
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| The forward end of a vessel or airship. |
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| Characterized by thin white filaments or narrow bands and a composition of ice crystals: of high altitude. |
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| Characterized by dense individual elements in the form of puffs, mounds, or towers, with flat bases; as such clouds develop vertically, they form cumulonimbus. |
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| A low-altitude cloud formation consisting of a horizontal layer of gray clouds. |
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| A compass based on an indicator (as a magnetic needle) that points to the magnetic north; relative to the earth's magnetic poles. |
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| Of or pertaining to a day or each day; daily. |
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| A navigational compass that, when adjusted for the latitude and speed of the vessel or aircraft, indicates the direction of true north along the surface of the earth. |
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| The apparent displacement of an observed object due to a change in the position of the observer. |
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| Honest, free from reserve, restraint, or dissimulation; candid; sincere. |
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| Insufficient, needy, poor. Experiencing want or need. |
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| To give up resistance; surrender. |
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| Agreeable, compliant, accomodating, amiable. |
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| Unsympathetic, thick-skinned, adamant, callous, harsh. |
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| Abrasive, severely critical or sarcastic, irritating. |
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| Experienced; sophisticated, materialistic. |
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| Binding, necessary, required, mandatory. |
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| Accomplishment; to use selfishly for one's own ends, misuse, abuse. |
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| Unintelligence, clumsiness, lack of knowledge, learning, and information. |
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| Wrongful, illegal, or antisocial behavior, misconduct. |
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| Danger, risk, vunlerability, peril. |
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| Renovate, heal, restore to good condition. |
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| Unconcern, disregard, emotionless, lack of interest in or concern for things that others find moving or exciting. |
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| Diode vacuum tube used as the frequency source in microwave ovens and radar systems. Small, high-powered and efficient. |
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| Ensure, believe, to make certain, clear, or definitely known. |
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| The side of a right triangle opposite the right angle. |
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| A polygon have 8 / 6 sides. |
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5280 feet = 1 statute mile
____ feet = 1 nautical mile |
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| The exponent of the power to which a base number must be raised to equal a given number; 10 raised to the 2 power is 100. 2 is the log. |
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| A form of wing construction in which no external bracing is used. |
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| To plunge with alternate fall and rise of nose and tail, (opposed to roll) |
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| Sidewise motion of a vessel; to slide without revolving. |
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| The difference between the speed at which a propeller or engine is turning when working against the air and the actual speed at which the acft advances through the air. |
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| A motion of an aircraft about its vertical axis, an angle, to the right or left. |
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| The rate of speed with which something happens; rapidity of action or reaction. |
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| Any surface, as a wing, aileron, or stabilizer, designed to aid in lifting or controlling an aircraft by making use of the air currents through which it moves. The shape of a wing or blade. |
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| The part of a cargo producing revenue or income, usually expressed in weight. |
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| The velocity or direction of airflow with respect to the body it surrounds, esp. an airfoil. |
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| A colorless, oily, water-insoluble, poisonous liquid, used as an antiknock agent in gasoline. |
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| The thickness or resistance to flow of a liquid. |
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| A substance, such as tetraethyl lead, added to gasoline to reduce engine knock. |
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| Evaporating rapidly, explosive, (ex. gasoline). |
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| Imaginary straight line form the leading edge to the trailing edge of a wing. |
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| The acute angle between the chord of an aircraft wing or other airfoil and the direction of the relative wind. |
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| Measure of an angle between an axis running the length of the aircraft, and the chord line of the wing airfoil. The angle of incidence is usually fixed for any given aircraft and never changes. |
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| Points of a compass at 45 degree angles. |
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| The angle between the aircraft's longitudinal axis and the horizontal plane. |
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| Slight arch, the rise of the curve of an airfoil, usually expressed as the ratio of the rise to the length of the chord of the airfoil. |
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| The pilot adjusts the controls and possible the altitude to adjust the aircraft attitude (due to winds) in order to keep the acft on course. |
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| Pressure caused by weight on the earth's atmosphere. |
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| Airship lifted by helium. |
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| Sikorsky; turning on an axis. |
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| Shove; put or drive with force. |
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| Angular distance east or west on the earth's surface. |
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| The angular distance north or south from the equator. |
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| A mechanism for readily engaging or disengaging a shaft with or from another shaft or rotating part. |
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| Where the pitch of the main rotor blades may be simultaneously increased or decreased to change the amount of lift. This gives a quicker response to changes in vertical thrust as controlled by the pilot. On helicopters without collective pitch, the amount of lift is controlled entirely by the speed of the rotor blades or in other words the speed of the engine (throttle control). |
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| To plunge with alternate fall and rise of wing over wing, = to bank,opposed to pitch. |
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Square/rectangle, length x width
Parallelogram, base x height
Trapezoid,1/2 x height x (top + bottom)
Triangle, 1/2 x base x height
Circle, Pi x r2 |
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| To an acft on the ground this means return to starting point on the airport. |
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| To an acft on the ground this means cleared for takeoff. |
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| To an acft on the ground this means cleared for taxi. |
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| To an acft on the ground this means stop. |
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| To an acft on the ground this means taxi clear of the runway in use. To an acft in the air this means do not land. |
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| Alternating Red and Green Lights |
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| To an acft on the ground this means exercise extreme caution. |
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| Represents the maximum speed that you can lower your landing gear at without causing damage. |
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| This speed is the one that will get you the most altitude in the shortest amount of distance during a climb after takeoff. |
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| You'll be able to get the most altitude in a given period of time with this speed. |
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| Represents maneuvering speed. Maneuvering speed is a very important speed, but is not color coded on your airspeed indicator. An important point on maneuvering speeds and air turbulence. |
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| This is the stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed while in the landing configuration. Defined by the lower limit of the white arc on your airspeed indicator. |
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| Represents maximum flaps extended speed, and is indicated by the upper limit of the white arc. |
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| The maximum structural cruising speed of the aircraft and is indicated by the upper limit of the green arc. |
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| Is indicated by the red line, and is often referred to as "the red line". This is 163 KIAS. This is the max speed that you may operate the aircraft at safely in those "perfect" conditions, without risking leaving your wings behind! |
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| Mass / Volume; A rock is more dense than a crumbled piece of paper the same size. Humid air is more dense (heavier) than dry air (lighter). |
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| Increase in density reduces / increases the rate of climb. |
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| Where are the blue lights at an airport? |
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| Providing outlines for taxiways. |
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| Where are the green lights at an airport? |
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| Indicate the start, or approach end, of the runway. |
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| Where are the red lights at an airport? |
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| Where are the white/amber lights at an airport? |
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| Along the edges of the runway. They change to ___ near the departure end of the runway. |
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| Taxiway centerlines are ___ (color). |
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| Runway centerlines are ___ (color). |
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| Two parallel solid lines and two parallel dashed lines, located at the approach to each runway. This is the equivalent of a stop sign. An aircraft must be cleared by the tower to go beyond this point. |
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| Each taxiway intersection has a ___ designation which allows pilots to advise the tower of their holding location. |
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| Rotating Green and White Beacon |
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| Allows pilots to locate the civilian airport at night. |
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| Rotating Green and 2 White Flashes Beacon |
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| Allows pilots to locate the military bases at night. |
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| Rotating Yellow and White Beacon |
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| Allows pilots to locate the seaplane bases at night. |
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| The airspace extending from 18,000 feet MSL up to and including FL600 is defined as CLASS A airspace. To operate within Class A airspace, you must be instrument rated. In addition, your aircraft must be transponder equipped, operated under an IFR flight plan, and controlled directly by Air Traffic Control. |
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| Established to separate all arriving and departing traffic. Shown on the Sectional Charts with a solid blue line enclosing the airspace. To operate in Class B airspace, your aircraft must have two-way radio communication capability and a transponder with Mode C. |
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| Established at busy airports. The airspace is designated by a series of solid magenta circles. The airspace normally consists of a 5 nautical mile radius core area which extends from the surface to 4,000 above the elevation of the primary airport. A 10 nautical mile radius shelf area usually extends from 1,200 feet to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation. An outer area usually extends out to 20 nautical miles from the primary airport. Prior to entering Class C airspace you must establish two-way communications with the ATC facility. You must also be equipped with an operable Mode E transponder. If you are operating beneath the Class C airspace you are not required the transponder. A minimum visibility of 3 statute miles is required within the Class C airspace and you must remain at least 500 feet below, 1,000 feet above, and 2,000 feet horizontally from any clouds. |
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| Surrounds those with an operating control tower but without radar services. You are required to establish two-way communications with the tower while operating in that airspace. When the tower closes, the airspace becomes Class E. Class D airspace is shown with a dashed blue line on Sectional Charts. |
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| Covers most of the US with the base starting at either 700 feet or 1,200 feet. The minimum visibility required is 3 s.m below 10,000 MSL and 5 s.m. at and above 10,000 feet MSL, with standard cloud separation. |
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| All other airspace. Class G airspace is considered uncontrolled and requires a minimum visibility of 1 s.m. and to remain clear of clouds. |
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| The outer tips of the wing are higher than the root attached to the fuselage in order to ___ |
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| Provide lateral stability. |
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| If the wing area is doubled, lift and drag ____ |
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| To find the magnetic direction of a runway, add a zero to the end first, then add ___ to the one opposite the one you already know. |
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| On a weather vane, the arrow points ___ the wind. |
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| This acft \ is banked ___ degrees to the ___. |
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| What is used by a helicopter pilot t increase or decrease tail-rotor thrust, as needed, to counteract torque effect? |
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| At right angles to, or beside the boat. |
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| When the hull or keel is against the ground. |
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| The direction of the wind as is relative to the speed and direction of the boat. |
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| A wire that runs from the top of the mast of the ship to the stern. |
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| To remove water from the boat. |
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| Weight in lower portion of the boat, used to add stability. |
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| Thin, stiff strips of plastic or wood, placed in pockets in the leech of a sail, to assist in keeping its form. |
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| The width of the boat at its widest. |
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| A point of sail where the boat is sailing at a right angle to the wind. |
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| A compass direction from one point to another. |
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| The lowest part of a boat, designed to collect water that enters the boat. |
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| A device designed to catch a line when coming alongside a pier or mooring. |
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| A rope sewn into the luff of a sail for use in attaching to the standing rigging. |
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| The horizontal spar which the foot of the sail is attached to. |
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| A line that adjusts downward tension on the boom. |
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| A spar extending forward from the bow. |
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| A docking line going at approximately a right angle from the boat to the dock. |
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| To spin out of control, either causing, or nearly causing a capsize. |
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| A point of sail where the boat is sailing away from the wind, but not directly downward. |
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| An anchored float marking a position or for use as a mooring. |
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| Sailing with the wind coming from behind, and slightly to the side, that the sails are on. |
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| A kind of navigation buoy. |
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| To release lines holding boat to shore or mooring, to release sheets. |
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| A fin shaped, often removable board, that extends from the bottom of a boat as a keel. |
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| Damage to a line cause by rubbing against another object. |
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| Metal plates bolted to the boat which standing rigging is attached to. |
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| A guide for an anchor, mooring or docking line, attached to the deck. |
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| A fitting used to secure a line to. |
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| The lower aft corner of a sail. |
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| A point of sail where the boat is sailing as close to the wind as possible. |
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| A point of sail where the boat is sailing towards the wind but is not close hauled. |
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| The area below deck level, that is somewhat more protected than the open dec, from which the tiller or wheel is handled. |
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| The weight of the water diplaced by the boat. |
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| The area a boat rests in when attached to a pier, also the act of taking the boat to the pier to secure it. |
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