Term
| the densisty of water cahnges with depth (T/F) |
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Definition
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Term
| airplanes were developed primarily by |
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Definition
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Term
| Did Bernoulli experiment with flight? |
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Definition
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Term
| The first successful flight of an aircraft was accomplished with a balloon(T/F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Aerodynamics is the study of |
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Definition
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Term
| A balloon that is filled with air that is lighter than the surrounding air rises to a point where the internal air density is equal to the external air density is based on what principle? |
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Definition
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Term
| the density of air changes depending on altitude because it is compressible (T/F) |
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Definition
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Term
| what part of the atmosphere does all weather occur and also most flight operations? |
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Definition
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Term
| air density at sea level is ____ dense than air at 10,000ft of altitude |
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Definition
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Term
| balloons that are navigable are called |
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Definition
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Term
| Sir George Cayley, Otto Lilenthal and Octave Chanute all had what in common |
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Definition
| experimented with gliders in the 1800s |
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Term
| lighter than air aircraft are reliant of what for lateral (as opposed to vertical) movement |
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Definition
-movement of an air mass
-velocity and direction of the wind |
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Term
| man's first attempt at heavier than air flight was to create birdlike vehicles with wings that flapped (T/F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Birds are successful fliers because they can achieve lift and thrust with their feathered wings. Airplanes require |
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Definition
| an engine to develop forward thrust and controls to maneuver in pitch, roll, and yaw, and stability in their design and knowledgeable pilots. |
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Term
| gliders and airplanes are |
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Definition
| heavier than air machines |
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Term
| who was/were the first to achieve sustained, controlled and powered flight |
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Definition
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Term
A chunk of fluid that is suspended in a container of fluid will ________ due to the weight and pressure above the chunk balancing out the higher pressure below the chunk.
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Definition
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Term
A small contained bubble of fluid that is lighter than the surrounding fluid ________ due to the higher pressure on the bottom of the bubble.
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Definition
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Term
A piece of lead placed in a container of water will ________ due to the weight of the lead being _______ than the fluid that is displaced.
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Definition
| sink to the bottom, heavier |
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Term
| how are balloons made to be lighter than air |
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Definition
-filled with lighter than air gas (helium)
-filled with heated air which is less dense than cooler air |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| approx. temp at tropopause |
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Definition
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Term
| Air pressure at sea level is ________ than air at 30,000 feet altitude. |
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Definition
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Term
The temperature of air decreases on average by how much per 1000ft
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Definition
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Term
| the chordline of an aerofoil is |
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Definition
| a straight line from the leading edge of the trailing edge equidistant from the upper and lower surfaces. |
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Term
| A cambered aerofoil set at 0˚ angle of attack in an air stream will produce |
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Definition
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Term
| the angle between the chord line and the aerofoil and the relative airflow is called |
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Definition
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Term
| dynamic pressure is equal to (formula): |
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Definition
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Term
| the thickness:chord ratio of an aerofoil is |
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Definition
| the ratio of the max thickness of an aerofoil section to it chord. |
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Term
| the center of pressure of an aerofoil is |
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Definition
| the point on the chordline where the resultant lift force acts |
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Term
| If the angle of attack is increased slightly from 0˚, the center of pressure will |
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Definition
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Term
| A symmetrical aerofoil section of a wing which is set at zero degrees angle of incidence will produce in level flight |
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Definition
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Term
| the air on top of a cambered wing producing lift |
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Definition
| velocity increases, static pressure decreases |
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Term
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Definition
| the ratio of the wingspan to the mean chord |
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Term
| density of a gas (formula) |
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Definition
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Term
The diagram shows the Static pressure and velocity of the airflow around a wing section producing lift. Which of the below is correct?
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Definition
| P1 is less than P2, V1 is greater than V2. |
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Term
The diagram shows the lift curves for two aerofoil sections. Which of the below is an accurate description of the diagram?
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Definition
| Airfoil A is symmetrical, but airfoil B is cambered. |
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Term
The critical angle of attack at which a given aircraft stalls (CL(MAX)) is dependent on the:
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Definition
| design of the wing (camber etc) |
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Term
| what will result in a stall every time |
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Definition
| exceeding the critical angle of attack |
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Term
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Definition
The airflow over the top surface of the wing separates which results in a large increase in drag and a large loss of lift.
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Term
If an aircraft’s wings are slightly angled upwards from horizontal as you look at it from the front forming a shallow V, this is called:
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| long span and short chord |
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Term
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Definition
| length wingtip to wingtip |
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Term
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Definition
| the tip chord is less than the root chord |
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Term
| the stalling angle of an aerofoil of a training aircraft is approximately |
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Definition
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Term
| an aircraft's wing has a mean chord of 6m and a span of 30 m. the aspect ratio is |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| an aerofoil will give a ____force because the angle of attack is negative. |
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Definition
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Term
| to maintain level flight at a steady airspeed |
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Definition
| thrust must be exactly equal to drag |
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Term
| the stall warning vane on an aircraft wing is located |
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Definition
| just below the leading edge |
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Term
| at positive angles of attack, a wing produces most lift at |
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Definition
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Term
| an airplane is in steady-state level flight, therefore: |
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Definition
thrust equal drag
lift equals weight |
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Term
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Definition
| angle between the wing chord line and the relative wind |
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Term
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Definition
| always in line with gravity |
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Term
| when a fowler flap moves back |
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Definition
| wing area increase, camber increases |
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Term
| where does lift act on a wing |
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Definition
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Term
| what does "S" represent in the lift equation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when dynamic pressure increases, static pressure decreases |
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Term
For a typical light training aircraft, the optimum angle of attack producing most lift for least drag is approximately:
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a decrease in angle of incidence from root to tip |
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Term
An antenna of 0.05 sq. ft. of a cross-sectional area (S) produces 1 pound of drag in an airflow with a dynamic pressure (½ρv²) of 25 lbs/sq. ft. What is its drag coefficient?
Drag = ½ρv² S Cd
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Definition
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Term
| what happens when landing gear is lowered |
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Definition
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Term
| the minimum total drag of an aircraft in flight occurs |
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Definition
| at the speed where parasite drag and lift induced drag are equal |
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Term
| lift induced drag (lift dependent drag) of an aircraft would be increased with |
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Definition
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Term
| the boundary layer of a body in a moving airstream is |
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Definition
| a thin layer of air over the surface in which the air is retarded by the effects of friction |
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Term
| skin friction drag resulting from a laminar boundary layer will be |
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Definition
| less than from a turbulent boundary layer |
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Term
| A landing gear leg has a drag of 30 lbs at a speed of 100 kts. Its drag at 200 kts would be |
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Definition
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Term
| If speed is increased from 150 kts to 300 kts, the Pressure or wake drag due to shape will be |
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Definition
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Term
| the drag of an aircraft will ___with an increase in air pressure |
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Definition
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Term
Floating on landing due to ground effect will be most likely during an approach when at:
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Definition
Less than the length of the wingspan above the surface.
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Term
| frost on an aircraft wing will result in |
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Definition
| a decrease in lift and an increase in drag |
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Term
| what phenomena causes lift induced drag |
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Definition
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Term
| what effect on lift induced drag does entering ground effect have |
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Definition
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Term
| when the undercarriage is lowered in flight |
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Definition
| form drag will increase and the aircraft will pitch nose down |
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Term
| the point where the boundary layer changes from laminar flow to turbulent flow is called the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| less friction than turbulent |
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Term
| a high aspect ratio wing (high span to chord ratio, like a glider) decreases ____ _____ ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| in straight and level flight, how does parasite drag vary with airspeed |
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Definition
| V2 (directly with the square of the velocity) |
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Term
The pressure gradient on the rear side of a shape where the air is flowing from Low static pressure to High static pressure is called;
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Definition
| adverse pressure gradient |
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Term
| the point where the air stops sticking to the shape of an object is called |
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Definition
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Term
With regard to "P.L.A.N.n.", the acronym used to determine the capacity of a reciprocating engine to produce power, the "A" refers to what?
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Definition
| cross secitonal piston area |
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