Term
| Distance vector routing protocols |
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Definition
RIP, IGRP
easy to configure
not many features |
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Term
| Link state routing protocols |
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Definition
OSPF, ISIS
More difficult to configure
Lots of features |
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Term
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Definition
EIGRP
Good combination of distance vector/link state
proprietary |
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Term
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Definition
Can only use the default classes (A, B, C)
No authentication
Relies on broadcasts - lots of traffic |
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Term
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Definition
Supports VLSM (subnetting goodness :))
Supports authentication
Relies on multicast - less traffic |
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Term
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Definition
| ip route DestNetworkId DestNetworkSubnet NextHop |
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Term
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Definition
| RIP updates every 30 seconds (version 1 and 2) |
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Term
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Definition
| directly maps public address to an internal private address |
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Term
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Definition
| maps internal address:port combinations to a single external port. |
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Term
| About leased line wan connections |
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Definition
dedicated bandwidth between locations.
T1 CAS, E1 CAS |
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Term
| About On-demand wan connections |
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Definition
| on-demand bandwidth between locations.
Dial-up, ISDN |
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Term
| About packet switched wan connections |
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Definition
shared, but guranteed, bandwidth between locations.
Frame Relay, ATM |
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Term
| How a serial port physically connects to a wan |
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Definition
| serial port --> serial cable --> CSU/DSU (modem) --> RJ-48 cable --> wall point |
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Term
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Definition
| High-Level Data Link Control |
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Term
| which end of crossover serial cable sets clocking |
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Definition
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Term
| the two ends of a serial crossover cable |
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Definition
DCE and DTE.
router connected to the DCE end sets the clock rate. |
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Term
| add or subtract 1 when subnetting based on number of subnets |
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Definition
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Term
| add or subtract 1 when subnetting based on number of hosts |
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Definition
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Term
| effects of "network 6.0.0.0" in rip |
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Definition
| all interfaces that match the address will advertise |
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Term
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Definition
| can change VLAN info, can send and receive updates, saves vlan configuration |
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Term
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Definition
| can NOT change VLAN info, can send and receive updates, does not save vlan configuration |
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Term
| properties of VTP transparent |
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Definition
| can change VLAN info, can send (passthrough) updates, uses its OWN VLAN config |
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Term
| ethernet frame with 802.1q info attached |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how spanning tree finds redundant links |
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Definition
| sends "probes" into network and sees if they return on another port |
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Term
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Definition
| Bridge Protocol Data Units; the probes used by spanning tree to find redundant links. |
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Term
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Definition
| the switch all other switches form a path to |
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Term
| In STP what is the root port |
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Definition
| THE port used to reach the root switch |
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Term
| In STP what is a Designated Port |
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Definition
| a port that is functioning normally |
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Term
| In STP what is a Blocking Port |
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Definition
| A port that is disabled to prevent loops |
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Term
| how the root switch is elected |
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Definition
| the switch with the lowest Bridge ID |
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Term
| how the disignated port is elected in a redundant link |
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Definition
| the switch with the lowest Bridge ID |
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Term
| In STP, how does a switch select the preferred path is both paths have equal priority |
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Definition
| the path where the first encountered switch has the lowest Bridge ID |
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Term
| How does a switch decide which path to take to the root bridge |
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Definition
| the cost of the links is summed and the lowest sum is chosen |
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Term
| In STP, which link is blocked with a dual connection between switches |
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Definition
| the link connecting to the lower port number (ie fa0/1 wins over fa0/2) |
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Term
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Definition
| VLAN Trunking protocol. Allows VLAN config to be changed on one switch, and is then replicated to all others. |
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Term
| which ports should be set to trunk |
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Definition
| ports connecting to other switches |
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Term
| Cisco switch security checklist |
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Definition
-Physical Security
-Passwords and Logon Banners
-Disable HTTP/HTTPS server
-Restrict Remote Access
-Use SSH
-Setup Logging
-Limit CDP
-Use BPDU Guard On PortFast Porst |
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Term
| Cisco switch security checklist |
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Definition
-Physical Security
-Passwords and Logon Banners
-Disable HTTP/HTTPS server
-Restrict Remote Access
-Use SSH
-Setup Logging
-Limit CDP
-Use BPDU Guard On PortFast Porst |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| about RIP route poisoning |
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Definition
| RIP will set the number of hops to reach a network to 16 when it goes down to immediately flush it from the network's routing tables. |
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Term
| about RIP triggered updates |
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Definition
| RIP will immediately update whenever there is a major change to the network |
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Term
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Definition
| RIP will never tell a router about a route that it learned from that router. Prevents loops. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a network changes dramatically RIP will not allow updates to that network again for a period of time (default 180 sec). Helps with flapping interfaces, and to prevent loops. |
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Term
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Definition
Area Border Router.
A router that sits between to OSPF areas |
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Term
| command to change OSPF router ID |
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Definition
select the OSPF process
router-id A.B.C.D |
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Term
| Detailed benefits of EIGRP |
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Definition
-Remembers Backup Routes (does not have to re-calculate after failure)
-Simple Configuration
-Flexible Summarisation
-Variable Load Balancing
-Supports Multiple Network Protocols (appletalk, IP, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
Neighbour
Topology - Holds all possible routes
Routing - Holds all actively used routes |
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Term
| name of the currently active route in EIGRP routing table |
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Definition
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Term
| name of the backup route in EIGRP routing table |
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Definition
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Term
| About the EIGRP Autonomous System Number |
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Definition
| like a "group". All routers must have the same AS number to function together. |
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Term
| IPSEC Negotiation protocls |
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Definition
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Term
| IPSEC Encryption protocls |
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Definition
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Term
| IPSEC Authentication protocls |
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Definition
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Term
| IPSEC Protection protocls |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt |
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Term
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Definition
| uses public and private keys |
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Term
| How WAN connections match up to the OSI model, from bottom |
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Definition
LAYER 1: Serial Connection
LAYER 2: Frame Relay, PPP, ATM, HDLC |
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Term
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Definition
Authentication
Compression
Callback
Multilink (teaming) |
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Term
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Definition
PAP sends credentials in clear-text.
CHAP hashes the password before sending |
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Term
| What is the Frame Relay CIR |
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Definition
Committed Information Rate.
The minimum guaranteed bandwidth. |
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Term
| What is the Frame Relay LAR |
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Definition
Local Access Rate.
The speed the connection can physically handle |
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Term
| What is the Frame Relay LMI |
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Definition
Local Management Interface.
Used to set information from the computers in the service provider |
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Term
| What is the Frame Relay DLCI |
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Definition
Data Link Control Identifier
Equivalent to a MAC address |
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Term
| What is the Frame Relay PVC |
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Definition
Permanent Virtual Circuit.
One connection to a remote site |
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Term
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Definition
| Each DLCI is attached to a 'path', where a path is a PVC to another router. DLCIs are only significant locally |
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Term
| Hub-and-Spoke Frame Relay Design |
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Definition
| All routers connect at one central location |
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Term
| Full-Mesh Frame Relay Design |
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Definition
| All routers connect to all routers |
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Term
| Parital-Mesh Frame Relay Design |
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Definition
| a combination of Full-Mesh and Hub-and-Spoke |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple hosts with the same IP address. packets will go to the closest host. |
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Term
| IPv6 Link-Local addresses |
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Definition
| Used within a single layer-2 domain. |
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Term
| IPv6 Unique/Site Local addresses |
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Definition
| Equivalent to IPv4 private addresses. |
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Term
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Definition
| The addresses used on the Internet. |
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Term
| What do IPv6 Link-Local addresses start with, in hex and binary |
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Definition
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Term
| How last 64 bits of IPv6 link-local address is formed |
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Definition
| The interface MAC address with FFFE stuck in the middle |
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Term
| The structure of an IPv6 Unique/Site Local address |
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Definition
| [FD00][Global ID 40 bits][Subnet ID 16 bits][Interface ID 64 bits] |
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Term
| The structure of an IPv6 Global address |
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Definition
| [Global Routing Prefix n bits][Subnet ID 64-n bits][Interface ID 64 bits] |
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Term
| IPv6 migration strategies |
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Definition
-Dual-stack routers
-Tunneling (6to4 and 4to6) (like a VPN between two matching-protocol networks over a different protocol)
-NAT Protocol Translation (Nat-PT) |
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Term
| the types of TCP flow control |
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Definition
| windowing, buffering, congestion-avoidance |
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Term
| The fields of an ethernet frame |
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Definition
| preamble (sync clock), Start Frame Delimiter (sync clock), Dest MAC, Source MAC, Length,Type (L3 protocol), Data, FCS |
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Term
| effects of EIGRP/RIP/OSPF auto-summary |
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Definition
| networks will be advertised as their classful defaults |
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Term
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Definition
| 180 seconds; A network will be considered invalid if no updates are received about it for 180 seconds |
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Term
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Definition
| 180 seconds; RIP will not accept updates about a network for 180 seconds after it is marked unreachable |
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Term
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Definition
| 240 seconds; RIP will flush a router if it remains invalid for 240 seconds |
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Term
| on what types of network is an OSPF DR and BDR elected |
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Definition
| Broadcast (eg. ethernet) and Non-Broadcast-Multi-Access (NBMA, eg frame-relay) |
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Term
| what of significant interest is shown by "sh ip protocols" when EIGRP is running |
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Definition
max hops
variance
max paths
status of auto-summary
networks on which protocol is running
neighbors
internal and external AD |
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Term
| what of significance does "sh ip ospf interface [int]" show you |
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Definition
process ID
network Type (broadcast, NBMA, etc.)
priority on the interface (for DR/BDR elections)
Designated Router
Backup DR
Timers:
--Hello
--Dead
--wait
--retransmit
neighbors |
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Term
| difference between OSPF adjacent routers and neighbor routers |
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Definition
neighbors simply exchange hello packets.
adjacent routers exchange route information, and must also be neighbors. |
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Term
| which switch is the root bridge in STP |
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Definition
| the bridge with the lowest priority, or if a match, the switch with the lowest mac address |
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Term
| what is the ieee standard for RSTP |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 10Gb/s link, 802.1d |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 1Gb/s link, 802.1d |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 100Mb/s link, 802.1d |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 10Mb/s link, 802.1d |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 10Gb/s link, 802.1w |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 1Gb/s link, 802.1w |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 100Mb/s link, 802.1w |
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Definition
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Term
| cost of spanning tree 10Mb/s link, 802.1w |
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Definition
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Term
| the three switch functions |
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Definition
-Address Learning
-forward/filter decisions
-loop avoidance |
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Term
| is the VTP domain case sensitive? |
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Definition
| well of course it is. Wouldn't be asking otherwise. |
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Term
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Definition
| The address of the inside host as seen from the outside |
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Term
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Definition
| The address of the inside host as seen from the inside |
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Term
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Definition
| The address of the outside host as seen from the inside |
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Term
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Definition
| The address of the outside host as seen from the outside |
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Term
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Definition
Basic Service Set;
One access point |
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Term
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Definition
Extended Service Set;
multiple access points allowing seamless roaming. |
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|
Term
| difference between link-local and unique-local IP addresses |
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Definition
link local cannot be routed AT ALL.
unique local can be routed like private addresses; not on the internet. |
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Term
| what does unique-local IPV6 address begin with |
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Definition
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