Term
| What is happening to glucose levels during the post-absorptive state? |
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Definition
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Term
| If glucose levels are dropping, what hormone is dropping? |
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Definition
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Term
| If glucose levels are dropping, what hormone is elevating? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long do liver stores of Glycogen last? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organ does Glucagon target? What is the function of Glucagon |
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Definition
| Liver. Glucagon stimulates Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis. Even though glycogen is stored in the muscles, it is not affected by this mechanism |
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Term
| What is the normal range for a fasting blood glucose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cut-off for fasting blood glucose above which the patient would be hyperglycemic? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cut-off for fasting blood glucse, below which the patient would be hypoglycemic? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three substrates generated for Gluconeogenesis? |
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Definition
| Lactate, Glycerol, and Alanine |
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Term
| What are the two processes by which the liver generates glucose in the postabsorptive state? |
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Definition
| Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenoysis |
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Term
| What process is going on in the brain in the postabsorptive state? |
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Definition
| Aerobic metabolism of glucose |
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Term
| What process is ongoing in anaerobic tissues such as red blood cells in the post-absorptive state? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gluconeogenesis uses what two substrates to yield glucose? |
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Definition
| Phosphorylated Glycerol and Pyruvate |
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Term
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Definition
| The process in the liver in which glycogen is broken down into glucose |
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Term
| What are the sources of pyruvate in gluconeogenesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is lactate generated to make pyruvate for Gluconeogenesis? |
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Definition
| Lactate is a byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis |
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Term
| How is alanine generated to make pyruvate for Gluconeogenesis? |
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Definition
| Protein stores in the muscles are degraded via proteolysis to form free amino acids which are then converted to amino acids |
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Term
| How is lactate converted to pyruvate? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is alanine converted to pyruvate in the liver? |
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Definition
| Through the process of ureagenesis |
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Term
| What are the by products Ureagenesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the glycerol come from in gluconeogenesis? |
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Definition
| The glycerol comes from the degradation of triglycerides in adipose tissues |
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Term
| What is the process by which triglycerides are converted into fatty acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are free fatty acids transported in the body? |
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Definition
| Since the fatty acids are water insoluble they have to be transfered with albumin |
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Term
| What is the process that degrades fatty acids into ATP? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the products of fatty acids degraded in the liver? |
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Definition
| ATP, CO2, and Ketone Bodies |
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Term
| What is the process that creates Ketone Bodies from fatty acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are ketone bodies degraded? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which Ketone bodies are degraded? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what tissues will beta oxidation occur? |
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Definition
| Adipose Tissue, Liver, and Muscles. Any aerobic cells except the brain |
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Term
| What are the products of Lipolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What process phosphorylates Glycerol in the liver? |
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Definition
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