Term
| Risk of not removing choledochal cysts |
|
Definition
# 25% cancer
# 30% pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
| Definition and management of a type I choledochal cyst |
|
Definition
# whole CBD involved
# excise and do a hepaticojejunostomy |
|
|
Term
| Definition and management of a type II choledocal cyst |
|
Definition
# True diverticulum that hangs off CBD
# diverticulectomy |
|
|
Term
| Definition and management of a type III choledochal cyst |
|
Definition
# choledochocele (dilation of distal intramural CBD) involving sphincter
# excise and do sphincteroplasty, choledochojej |
|
|
Term
| Definition and management of type IV choledochal cysts |
|
Definition
# partially intrahepatic and extrahepatic
# resection, may need lobectomy |
|
|
Term
| Definition and management of Type V choledochal cysts |
|
Definition
# totally intrahepatic; Caroli's dz
# resection, may need lobectomy |
|
|
Term
| Definition, presentation and management of pulmonary sequrestration |
|
Definition
# both intralobar and extralobar present as infection and require resection
# both have systemic blood supply (aorta)
# intralobar is drained by the pulmonary veins
# extralobar is drained by a systemic vein |
|
|
Term
| Pathogenesis of congenital lobar emphysema, presentation and management |
|
Definition
# failure of cartilage to develop in bronchus leading to air trapping
# other lobes are normal and compressed by hyper-inflated lobe
# 1/3 present with respiratory distress at birth and have radiolucency of affected lobe on CXR
# management is lobectomy |
|
|
Term
| MC area of lung involve in congenital lobar emphysema/overinflation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pathogenesis, presentation and management of Congenital Cystic adenoid malformation (CPAM) |
|
Definition
# lung tissue with underdevelop alveolar structure that communicates with airway
# presents as airway comprimise and/or recurrent infxn
# management is lobectomy |
|
|
Term
| MC mediastinal tumor in children and location |
|
Definition
| Neurogenic tumors (neurofibroma, neuroganglionoma, neuroblastoma) in posterior mediastinum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
# 0-1 yr- 90-120 kcal/day
# 1-12 yr- 70-90 kcal/day
# 12-18 yr- 30-60 kcal/day |
|
|
Term
Mediastinal mass filled with milky fluid
# dx
# pathogenesis
# complications
# tx |
|
Definition
# bronchogenic cyst
# extrapulmonary cysts formed from bronchial tissue and cartilage wall
# can compress adjacent structures or become infected
# tx is resection |
|
|
Term
fluid filled mass in the lateral cervical or submandibular regions in a newbord or toddler
# dx
# complications
# tx |
|
Definition
# cystic hygroma/lymphangioma
# can get infected
# tx is resection |
|
|
Term
| Tx of a thyroglossal duct cyst |
|
Definition
| Sistrunk procedure- excision of thyroglossal duct cist with middle portion of the hyoid bone |
|
|
Term
| 1st sign of CHF in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Red skin lesion that appears at birth or in the first few weeks of life
# dx
# tx |
|
Definition
# strawberry hemangioma
# leave it alone as most will involute by age 7, but can use steroids or resect if has rapid growth, impairs function or persists after age 8 |
|
|
Term
| Genetic mutation associated with neuroblastoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
# MC solid pediatric malignancy
# embryologic origin
# prognosis |
|
Definition
# neuroblastoma
# neural crest cells
# 30% cure |
|
|
Term
| Abnormal lab results for neuroblastoma |
|
Definition
# 90% will have high VMA
# high HVA (a/w worse prognosis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Main determinant of prognosis for Wilms Tumor |
|
Definition
| grade (anaplastic and sarcomatous have worse prognosis) |
|
|
Term
| Likelihood of metastasis in Wilms tumor and common places for mets |
|
Definition
# metastasize frequently
# bone and lung |
|
|
Term
| Tx for Wilms tumor and success rate |
|
Definition
| # nephrectomy has an 80% cure rate |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for biliary atresia |
|
Definition
# Kasi procedure before 3 mo
# hepatoportoenteroenterostomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
# 2 ft from ileocecal valve
# 2% in population
# 2% are symptomatic
# 2 types of tissue: pancreatic and gastric
# 2 common presentations: diverticultis and GIB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Embryological origin of Meckel's |
|
Definition
| Persistent omphalomeseteric duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
If found incidentally: diverticulectomy
If for bleeding, resect along with immediately adjacent bowel |
|
|
Term
| Common lead points for intussusception |
|
Definition
# enlarged Peyer's patch (MC)
# Meckel's
# lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Maximum pressure and column of contrast possible in reducing intussusception |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Components of intussusception |
|
Definition
# telescoping part- intussusceptum
# part that accepts the telescoping segment- intussuscipens |
|
|
Term
| Management of intussusception |
|
Definition
# air or contrast enemam
# operative reduction if has peritonitis
# in adults, go straight to OR because likely 2/2 to a mlaignancy |
|
|
Term
| Bilious vomiting plus double-bubble sign on xray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Other conditions a/w duodenal atresia |
|
Definition
# Down's syndrome (trisomy 21)
# 1/3 have cardiac defects |
|
|
Term
| Most common type of TE fistula |
|
Definition
| # type C- blind esophagus, deistal TEF |
|
|
Term
| Presentation of type C TEF |
|
Definition
Spits up feeds
Can't pass an NGT |
|
|
Term
| Description of type A TEF |
|
Definition
Blind esophagus, no fistula,
# no air in the GIT |
|
|
Term
| Indications for Ladd's procedure and components |
|
Definition
# malrotation
# appendectomy, take down bands and counter-clockwise rotation |
|
|
Term
No BM in first 24 hrs
# method of dx
# dx |
|
Definition
# Hirschprung's
# rectal biopsy |
|
|
Term
| Blood in stool of premie after first feed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for OR for NEC and treatment |
|
Definition
# free air
# peritonitis
# acidosis/thrombocytopenis
# clinical decline
# resect and ostomy |
|
|
Term
| Diagnostic and therapeutic modality for Meconium ileus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Imperforate anus
Fistula to bladder, vagina or urethra |
|
|
Term
| B/w gastroschisis and omphalocele: which one a/w with other anatomic defects and which anomalies |
|
Definition
Gastroschisis
# cardiac, pericardium, sternum, diaphragm= Cantell pentology |
|
|
Term
| B/w gastroschisis and omphalocele: which one presents in the midline and which one to the right of midline |
|
Definition
# midline: omphalocele
# right of midline: gastroschisis |
|
|
Term
| B/w gastroschisis and omphalocele: which one has peritoneal sac |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| B/w gastroschisis and omphalocele: which one thought to be 2/2 to intrauterine rupture of umbilical cord |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Management of high imperforate anus causing a fistula to the bladder, vagina or urethra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vertebral
Anorectal (imperforate anus)
Cardiac anomalies
TE fistula
Radial/renal anomalies
Limb anomalies |
|
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