Term
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Definition
| when the amount of water you gain each day is equal to the amount you lose to the environment. |
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Term
| What does maintaining fluid balance involve? |
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Definition
| regulating the content and distribution of body water in the ECF and ICF. |
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Term
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Definition
| ions released through the dissociation of inorganic compounds |
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Term
| What are the three processes that are important for ICF and ECF? |
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Definition
| fluid balance, electrolyte balance and acid-base balance |
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Term
| Why are your kidneys important for pH? |
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Definition
| They secrete hydrogen ions and generate buffers that enter the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| Whether or not enzymes can do their jobs |
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Term
| What's happening when your pH is too high? |
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Definition
| There's an inadequate number of H cations, making the blood alkaline. |
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Term
| What's happening when your pH is too low? |
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Definition
| excess of H catinos, making the blood too acidic. |
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Term
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Definition
| extra-cellular fluids that are outside invididual cells. Plasma in the blood, urine, brain and spinal fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| inter-cellular fluid that's inside individual cells and enters via osmosis |
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Term
| What are the common cations in the body? |
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Definition
| sodium, patassium, calcium, magnesium, H (pH) |
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Term
| What are the common anions in the body? |
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Definition
| chloride, organic anions (negatively charged peptides and proteins) |
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Term
| Why would you have a higher chance of surviving a fall into cold water than into warm water? |
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Definition
| Because cold water shuts down the body's use of oxygen temporarily |
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Term
| What does Hypotonic mean? |
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Definition
| much less concentration outside and a high concentration inside |
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Term
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Definition
| an equal concentration exists inside and outside the cell. |
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Term
| What is the difference between isotonic and isomotic? |
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Definition
| osmolarity takes into account the total concentration of penetrating solutes and non-penetrating solutes, whereas tonicity takes into account the total concentration of only non-penetrating solutes. |
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Term
| What rapidly dehydrates you? |
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Definition
| Extreme activity in hot weather, diarrhea, extreme hunger |
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Term
| Where is ADH made? Where does it go? What does it do? |
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Definition
| made in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. Released into the blood periodically to promote water retention/conservation. |
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Term
| What does aldosterone affect? |
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Definition
| thirst - determines the rate of Na absorption and K loss along the distal convoluted tubule. |
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Term
| Which hormones affect the water balance in your body? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is ANP made and what does it do? |
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Definition
| in the cardiac muscle cells in response to the abnormal stretching f the heart walls from elevated blood pressure or increased blood volume. Reduces thirst and block release of ADH and aldosterone. |
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Term
| Why does ANP cause your blood pressure to go down? |
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Definition
| there's more fluid loss at the kidneys because of the missing ADH and aldosterone |
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Term
| What is calcium necessary for? |
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Definition
| muscle contractions and neuron signals |
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Term
| Which hormones are related to the skeleton? |
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Definition
| PTH, calcitriol and calcitonin |
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Term
| What are phosphates important for? |
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Definition
| important electrolytes that are in RNA and DNA and in the buffer system |
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