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| Living, structural and functional unit enclosed in a membrane |
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| Forms the cell's flexible outer surface, separating internal from external ennvironment |
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| Large organelle that houses most of a cell's DNA |
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| Molecules of DNA associated with many proteins |
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| Structural model showing portrayal of Plasma Membrane |
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| Hereditary units controlling most aspects of cell structure/function |
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| Basic structural framework of Plasma Membrane. Two back to back layers, made of phospholipids, cholesterol. |
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| Span the entire Lipid Bilayer and into cytosol and ECF |
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| Extend into or through the lipid bilayer, and firmly imbedded proteins |
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| Attached to the polar heads of the membrane, lipids, or integral proteins |
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| Cellular energy used to drive substances uphill, against the concentration gradient |
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| Substance moving down it's concentration gradient to cross the membrane using kinetic energy |
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| Passive process in which random mixing of particles in a solution occur because of the particle' Kinetic energy |
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| Passive process in which substances move freely through the lipid bilayer of plasma membrane cells without help |
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| Integral membrane protein assists specific substances across membrane |
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| Type of diffusion where there's a net movement of a solvent through the selectively permeable membrane |
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| Primary active Transport: |
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| Energy derived from hydrolysis of ATP, changing the shape of the protein |
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| Secondary Active Transport: |
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Definition
| Energy stored in Na+ or H+ gradient is used to drive substances away |
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| Form of Endocytosis where small droplets of ECF are taken up |
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| Thicker than microfilaments. Help stabilize the position of organelles |
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| Largest part of cytoskeletal parts. They are composed of proteins |
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| Consist of a pair of centrioles and periventricular material |
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| Sites of protein synthesis. Has RNA |
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| network of membranes in form of flattened sacs/tubules |
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| Continuous with nuclear memebrane- usually folded and flattened, studded with ribosomes. |
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| Extends from Rough ER To form a network of membrane tubules. No ribosomes |
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| Consists of many cisternae. Most extensive in cells that secrete proteins |
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| Membrane-enclosed vesicles forming the golgi complex. Many digestive enzymes |
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| Extending through the Nuclear Envelope, consisting of proteins surround a large central opening |
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| Function in producing ribosomes |
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| Genetic info encoded in DNA is copied onto a strand of RNA called mRNA, which directs protein synthesis. |
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| Process of reading the mRNA nucleotide sequence to determine the amino acid sequence of the protein. |
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| Reproductive cell division |
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