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Definition
inhibits (slows down) Na+/K+ pump.
Intracellular Na+ accumulates.
Gradient of Na+ across sarcolemma has decreased.
This inhibits Na+/Ca2+ transporter.
Intracellular Ca2+ accumulates.
This increases contraction of heart and therefore cardiac output. |
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Definition
triggers the release of glucose from energy stores
beta-1 receptors in the myocardium, resulting in a mild increase in myocardial contractility and myocardial oxygen requirements. |
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Definition
| inhibits platelet aggregation and secretion of platelet contents, many of which cause vasoconstriction. |
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| inhibit renal tubular reabsorption reduction of body salts and water; excrete excess fluids and salt (sodium) |
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Definition
| blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. |
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Definition
| produce vasodilation by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II (vasoconstrictor). |
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Definition
| reduce electrical conduction within the heart, decrease the force of contraction of the myocardium, and dilate arteries. |
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| relaxes smooth muscles of airways. |
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| blocks the action of acetylcholine(ACE). |
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| inhibits activity of mast cells, relaxes smooth muscles, reduces muscle fatigue and increase mucocilliary clearance. |
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Definition
| stabilize mast cells and prevent release of inflammatory mediators |
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Definition
| one inhibits activity of enzyme required for synthesis of leukotriene, and the other is a receptor antagonist that binds to leukotriene receptors on target cells |
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Definition
| inhibits trypsin from breaking down elastin fibers. |
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| Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) |
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Definition
| an antiplatelet aggregate and is often given to cardiac patients |
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Definition
| reducing the production of prostaglandins, which promote inflammation, pain, and fever. |
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Definition
| increase the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions and potassium ions; affected in the PCT and CD, aldosterone inserts more Na-K pumps into the basolateral side of the DCT and to a lesser degree on collecting ducts, also affected by principal cells. |
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Definition
| stimulates the insertion of aquaporin-2 channels into the CD’s principal cells. Effects the collecting duct (intercalated cells), and water moves rapidly through aquaporin’s, which causes filtrate to be more concentrated. |
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Definition
| prevent water from being reabsorbed. |
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Definition
| They inhibit the Na+/K+/Cl– symporters that normally reabsorb these ions. So, Na+ and H2O are excreted. |
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Term
| Potassium-sparing diuretics (aldosterone antagonists) |
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Definition
| They block the effect of aldosterone, and also decreases Na+ reabsorption and decrease K+ secretion. |
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Term
| Atrial Natriuretic Hormone (ANP) |
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Definition
| causes vasodilation of both arterioles which increases blood flow in GFR |
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Term
| Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors |
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Definition
| Inhibits the degradation (breaks down) Acetylcholine |
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Definition
| blocks the reabsorption (reuptake) of serotonin in the brain, making more serotonin available, resulting in increased serotonin levels in the brain. Eases depression. |
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Definition
| Blocks adenosine’s IPSP ability and makes us more alert. |
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| Reduce pain perception by decreasing substance P release; stimulate feelings of pleasure and euphoria |
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Definition
| Transmits pain signals from pain receptors to CNS |
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Definition
| acts by binding presynaptically to high-affinity recognition sites on the cholinergic nerve terminals and decreasing the release of acetylcholine, causing a neuromuscular blocking effect. |
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Definition
| Drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. Used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms, pain, and hyperreflexia. |
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