Term
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Definition
| amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions |
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Term
| Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) |
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Definition
| amount of air that can be inhaled during forced breathing in addition to resting tidal volume |
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Term
| Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) |
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Definition
| amount of air that can be exhaled during forced breathing in addition to tidal volume |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation. |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum amount of air that can be expired after taking the deepest breath possible (VC = TV + IRV + ERV) |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following exhalation of resting tidal volume (IC = TV + IRV) |
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Term
| Functional residual capacity |
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Definition
| volume of air remaining in the lungs following exhalation of resting volume (FRC = ERV + RV) |
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Term
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Definition
| total volume of air that the lungs can hold (TLC = VC + RV) |
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Term
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Definition
| cilia are immobilized and reduced in number; goblet cells increase their production of mucus → mucus clogs the airways and breeds infection |
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Term
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Definition
| – alveolar walls break down and the surface area of the lungs is reduced |
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Term
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Definition
| allergens trigger the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals that cause intense bronchoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| – lower respiratory infection that causes fluid build up in the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Cessation of breathing for 10 seconds or longer during sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| pulmonary infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis; reduces lung compliance |
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Term
| Stomach and duodenal ulcers |
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Definition
| open sores or lesions found in the stomach or duodenal lining - most ulcers (80 percent of gastric ulcers and 90 percent of duodenal ulcers) develop as a result of infection with a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). |
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Term
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Definition
| loose, watery, and frequent stools or bowl movements – prolonged it can cause dehydration |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to digest and metabolize lactose, a sugar found in milk caused by a lack of the enzyme lactase in the digestive system |
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Term
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Definition
| flow of urine is blocked causing it to back up and injure one or both kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the pleura lining surrounding the lungs – very painful |
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Term
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Definition
| deficiency of oxygen in a tissue or the inability to use oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| excess oxygen, causing the build up of peroxides and free radicals |
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