Term
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Definition
| the hard bone found at the ends of long bones and on the outside of the shaft |
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Definition
| type of bone that is arranged in osteons with a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves |
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Definition
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Definition
| spaces that house the osteocytes |
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Term
| lamella (plural lamellae) |
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Definition
| individual circle around the central canal (there are many layers of them) |
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Definition
| run from the central canal to the osteocytes to deliver nutrients |
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Definition
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Definition
| type of bone found containing red marrow and lining the shafts of long bones |
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Definition
| osteocytes in spongy bone are housed in a branching area that has many spaces (instead of osteon) |
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Definition
| type of bone that provides strength and reduces the weight of the bone |
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Term
| In order for bone to be deposited |
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Definition
| ______________, the diet must include amino acids, vitamins A, C, and D, and minterals like calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and manganese. |
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Definition
| hormone from the thyroid gland that stimulates the bone building cells whenever the blood calcium level gets too high |
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Definition
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Definition
| hormone that stimulates the cells that break down bone whenever the blood calcium gets too low |
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Definition
| cells that break down bone |
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Term
| somatotropin (growth hormone) |
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Definition
| hormone that affects bone growth |
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Term
| testosterone and estrogen |
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Definition
| male and female sex hormones |
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Term
| the pull of muscles and the force of gravity |
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Definition
| influences bone growth proportional to the mechanical stress |
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Term
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Definition
| bones are classified according to _____ |
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Definition
| type of bone that includes the femur, tibia, fibula, ulna, and radius |
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Definition
| characteristic of long bones--ends covered with articular cartilage |
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Definition
| characteristic of long bones--shaft |
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Definition
| characteristic of long bones--covering except where articular cartilage |
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Definition
| type of bone that includes the carpals, metacarpals, tarsals, and metatarsals |
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Definition
| type of bone that includes the vertebrae and facial bones |
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Term
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Definition
| type of bone that includes the sternum, ribs, cranium, hipbones, scapula (usually curved) |
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Definition
| type of bone that develops inside a tendon (ex. patella) |
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Term
1. hematoma formation
2. spongy bone and fibrocartilage callus develop
3. bony callus develops
4. osteoclasts move in and polish callus down (remodeling) |
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Definition
| the process of repair after a bone is broken |
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Term
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Definition
| when osteoclasts move in and polish callus down |
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Term
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Definition
| when a broken bone penetrates the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| a broken bone that does not penetrate the skin |
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Definition
| incomplete fracture (common in children) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| type of fracture commonn when a football player gets tackled and in skiers |
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Definition
| fracture where the bone ends are still aligned |
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Term
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Definition
| fracture where the bone ends are not aligned |
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Term
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Definition
| common bone problem involving softening of bone (Rickett's in children) |
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Term
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Definition
| common bone problem involving the loss of organic and inorganic bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| common bone problem involving the imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity |
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Term
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Definition
| common bone problem involving bone neoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| common bone problem involving bone infection |
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Definition
| common bone problem involving genetic non-lengthening of long bones |
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Definition
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Definition
| is formed whenever two or more bones meet; the functional junctions between bones |
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Definition
| classified functionally by the amount of movement |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| joint that is very moveable |
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Definition
| a type of joint where the bones are tightly fastened with little or no movement |
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Term
| suture, syndesmosis, and gomphosis |
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Definition
| 3 types of fibrous joints are _____, ______, and _____ |
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Term
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Definition
| type of fibrous joint between flat bones of skull, connective tissue and interlocking bony plates |
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Term
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Definition
| type of movement in a suture joint |
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Term
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Definition
| type of fibrous joint that is bound by long fibers of connective tissue--tibia and fibula at distal end |
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Term
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Definition
| type of movement in a syndesmosis joint |
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Term
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Definition
| type of fibrous joint in union of a cone-shaped bony process in a bony socket-teeth in maxilla and mandible |
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Term
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Definition
| type of movement in a gomphosis joint |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of joint where a layer of cartilage holds bones together |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage that ossifies with growth--epiphyseal disk |
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Definition
| type of movement in a synchondrosis joint |
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Term
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Definition
| type of cartilaginous joint where hyaline covered surfaces are attached to a pad of fibrocartilage--pubic symphysis and intervetebral disks |
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Term
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Definition
| type of movement in a symphysis joint |
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Term
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Definition
| most complex type of joint--include articular cartilage, joint capsule, and a synovial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| type of movement in a synovial joint |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a synovial joint that covers the articular ends of bones |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a synovial joint that is strengthened by ligaments holding bones together |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a synovial joint that lines the inside of the joint capsule |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a synovial joint that is secreted by the membrane and mostens and lubricates the articular surface |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the synovial joint that divides the synovial joints into compartments |
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Term
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Definition
| some synovial joints have fluid filled ______ located between the skin and the underlying bone prominences |
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Term
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Definition
| cushions the movement of tendons over bony parts (in a synovial joint) |
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Term
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Definition
| Synovial joints are named for the _____ the allow. |
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Term
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Definition
| type of synovial joint in wrist and ankle for back and forth movement |
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Term
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Definition
| type of synovial joint that allows angular movement in one plane only--elbow and phalanges (trochlea of the ulna fits into the trochlear notch of the humerus of the elbow) |
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Term
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Definition
| type of synovial joint that permits rotational movement--between radius and ulna and between atlas and axis |
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Term
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Definition
| type of synovial joint where convex and concave bones fit together--carpal and metacarpal of thumb |
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Term
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Definition
| type of synovial joint where ovoid condyle of one bone fits into the elliptical cavity of another--no rotation--between metacarpals and phalanges |
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Term
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Definition
| type of synovial joint where a globular head on one bone fits into cup shape on another--wide variety of movement, including rotation-hip and shoulder (most moveable of all joints).--in the shoulder, the head of the humerus fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula. |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement that decreases angle between bones |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement that increases the angle between bones |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement that exceeds the normal angle |
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Definition
| joint movement where toes are up |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement with toes pointed |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movment away from the midline of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement toward the midline of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement in a circular motion |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement in more than one plane |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement with palm up |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement with palm down |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement with sole to outside |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement with sole to inside |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement with a lift--like shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement that brings down |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement that sticks jaw out |
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Term
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Definition
| joint movement that pulls jaw back |
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Term
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Definition
| most complex joint; a gliding joint |
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Term
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Definition
| type of joint where the patella meets the femur and a condyloid where the femur joins the menesci and the tibia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| contains the cranial bones, facial bones, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| contains the pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, arms, and legs |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the vertebral column that has 7 vertebrae |
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Definition
| part of the vertebral column that has 12 vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the vertebral column that has 5 vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the vertebral column that has 5 fused vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| the most inferior part of the vertebral column with 3-4 fused vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| total number of ribs attached to the thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| ribs number 1-7 that are attached to the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| ribs number 8-12 attached to the true ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the false ribs that do not attach anteriorly |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of 2 clavicles and 2 scapulae |
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Term
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Definition
| collarbones attached to sternum |
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Term
| scapulae (scapula singular) |
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Definition
| shoulderblades attached to clavicles |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of humerus, radius, ulna, capals, metacarpals, phalanges |
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Term
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Definition
| bone that forms the elbow |
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Term
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Definition
| number of carpals forming the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| number of metacarpals forming the palm |
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Term
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Definition
| number of phalanges (thumb and finger)since the thumb is opposable |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of 2 coxal bones, sacrum, and coccyx |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| composed of a femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges |
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Term
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Definition
| strongest and longest bone in the body |
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Definition
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Definition
| "shin bone" --weight bearing |
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Definition
| number of tarsals forming the ankle and heel |
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Term
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Definition
| number of metatarsals forming the instep |
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Term
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Definition
| number of phalanges forming the toes |
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Term
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Definition
| bursitis, tendonitis, and arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| type of joint problem that occurs with age |
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Term
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Definition
| joint problem that is an auto-immune disease |
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Term
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Definition
| joint problem caused by the deposition of crystals in a joint |
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