Term
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Definition
| Antidiuretic Hormone: Vasopressin |
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Term
| Where is ADH hormone made? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What organ contains and releases ADH? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What causes the release of this hormone? |
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Definition
| Decrease in blood volume and Osmoreceptors will sense high osmolarity |
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Term
| Which receptors in the Hypothalamus regulate ADH? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the actions of ADH? |
|
Definition
| Increase water permeability in principle cells of DCT and CT |
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|
Term
| What is the effect of ADH on blood volume? |
|
Definition
| Increase blood volume to normal |
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|
Term
| What effects does Alcohol have on ADH? |
|
Definition
| Inhibits ADH and causes increased urination |
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Term
|
Definition
| Atrial Naturiuretic Peptide |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What triggers the release of ANP? |
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Definition
| Presso-receptors in these cells detect the stretch caused by increased blood volume |
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Term
| What are the actions of ANP? |
|
Definition
| Diuresis, Natriuresis, (Inhibit ADH, Aldosterone, and Renin),Glomerulus of kidney in dialating afferent and constricting efferent |
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Term
|
Definition
| Increased excretion of water |
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Term
|
Definition
| Increased excretion of sodium |
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|
Term
| Does ANP increase or decrease the release of ADH, aldosterone, and renin? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What effect does ANP have on the glomerulus of kidney? |
|
Definition
| Dialates Afferent and Constricts Efferent |
|
|
Term
| Does ADH dialate Afferent or Efferent? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Does ADH constrict Afferent or Efferent? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What effect does ANP have on blood volume? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does ANP increase or decrease blood volume? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organ releases adrenaline to mimic sympathetic stimulation and is extrinsic regulation stimulation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 Extrinsic regulators? |
|
Definition
ADH- Antidiuretic Hormone
ANP- Atrial Natriuretic Peptide |
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|
Term
| When the Adrenal Medulla releases adrelaline to mimic sympathetic stimulation, does it incrase or decrease urination? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Does exercise increase or decrease urination? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does Intrinsic regulation mean with respect to the kidneys? |
|
Definition
| control is from WITHIN the kidneys |
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|
Term
| Describe the Myogenic mechanism that operates in Intrinsic regulation. |
|
Definition
| smooth muscles contract when the walls of afferent arterioles are stretched- high bp- smooth muscles contract to decrease GFR |
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|
Term
| What type of mechanism is Renin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cells release Renin? |
|
Definition
| JG cells (Juxtaglomerular ) |
|
|
Term
| What does the Macula Densa (DCT) detect? |
|
Definition
| Detects an increase in osmolarity- Directly signal JG cells to secrete Renin |
|
|
Term
| What type of receptors does teh Juxtaglomerular cells have (afferent arteriole)? |
|
Definition
| Presso Receptors that detect decreased stretch due to low blood volume |
|
|
Term
| What does the Juxtaglomerular apparatus do? |
|
Definition
| Renin will be released to increase volume and blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| How does the Renal Sympathetic nerve stimulation work? |
|
Definition
| With exercise, afferent arteriole is constricted anddecreases blood flow- decrease in GFR-decrease in Urine=increase in blood volume |
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|
Term
| How is Angiotensin I made? |
|
Definition
| Angiotensinogen and Renin |
|
|
Term
| Name an active precursor made by the liver to make angiotensin I |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Angiotensin II made? |
|
Definition
| ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) + Angiotensin I |
|
|
Term
| What is the composition of Angiotensin II? |
|
Definition
| Angioensin I + ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) |
|
|
Term
| What do ACE inhibitors do? |
|
Definition
| Control bp in hypertensive patients |
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|
Term
| Can angiotensin II cause release of Aldosterone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When Aldosterone is released, what is reabsorbed, and what is secreted? |
|
Definition
| 100% reabsorption of Na+, water follows, Secretion of K+ or H+ |
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|
Term
| When Angiotensin II is activated, does it stimulate the thirst center? |
|
Definition
| Yes in hypothalmus- take in liquid and increase blood volume |
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|
Term
| Can Angiotensin II cause the release of ADH? |
|
Definition
| Yes (secreted by posterior pituitary) |
|
|
Term
| When ADH is released, is water reabsorption increased or decreased? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When angiotensin II is activated, what happens to the Efferent arterioles? |
|
Definition
| Vasoconstriction- increases GFR |
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|
Term
| When Angiotensiin II is activated, what happens to smooth muscle cells? |
|
Definition
| Constrict to increase blood pressure which increases GFR |
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|
Term
| In Tubular reabsorption, what is returned to the blood stream? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In tubular reabsorption, which Convoluted tubule is responsible for the majority of reabsorption and contains microvilli? |
|
Definition
| Proximal Convoluted tubule |
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|
Term
| Which convoluted tubule is responsible for fine tuning and reabsorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 capillaries are involved in tubular reabsorption? |
|
Definition
| Vasa Recta and Pertitubular capillaries |
|
|
Term
| Where are the Vasa recta capillaries? |
|
Definition
| Capillaries around the Loop of Henle |
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|
Term
| Where are the Pertitubular Capillaries? |
|
Definition
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