Term
| Neurons communicate with other neurons and stimulate both _____ and ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the part of the neuron is the input area which receives signals from other neurons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main nutritional and metabolic area of the neuron (as well as an input area)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the conductive region of the neuron that generates an action potential? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signals from other neurons are received at junctions called: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The area where the axon emerges from the soma is called the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an action potential is generated from: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an axon can branch forming what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| at the end, axons branch, forming axon: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what support cell forms the myelin sheath? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| myelin is found around which part of the neuron |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the tightly wound cell membrane around the axon forms the myelin sheath and acts as a ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the gaps between the Schwann cells, called the _________________, are essential for the conduction of the action potential. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the most common central nervous system neuron is called a _________ neuron. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ neurons are found in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurons have (only one or many) axon/s? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| axons are (never or frequently) branched. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dendrites have (only one or many) branch/s. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what triggers an action potential? |
|
Definition
| resting membrane potential and ion channels. |
|
|
Term
| what dictates a neuron's resting membrane potential? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any shift from a resting potential to a positive potential. |
|
|
Term
| what is hyperpolarization? |
|
Definition
| an increase in negativity from resting potential. |
|
|
Term
| repolarization does what? |
|
Definition
| restores normal resting potential. |
|
|
Term
| which channels help to maintain the resting potential? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is myasthenia gravis? |
|
Definition
Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic neuromuscular disease. The disease is characterized by abnormal weakness of voluntary muscles.
With this disease, antibodies bind to ACh receptors and help destroy the post-synaptic membrane and it's Na+ channels, reducing the ability for action potentials to pass along the post synaptic membrane (in fact there is less post synaptic membrane in MG) |
|
|
Term
| What is an axoaxonic synapse? |
|
Definition
| when the axon of one neuron synapses with the presynaptic terminal (axon) of another. Many of the synapses of the CNS are axoaxonic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduction in the amount of neurotransmitter released from presynaptic terminal. For example, endorphins can inhibit pain sensation this way. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amount of neurotransmitter released from presynaptic terminal increases. Example: glutamate facilitating nitric oxide production. |
|
|
Term
| What is multiple sclerosis? |
|
Definition
| a disease characterized by recurrent incidents of de-myleination that affects axons in the optic nerve, brain and spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
| a typical stimulus produces a temporary, localized change in the resting potential of a cell membrane. The effect, which decreases with distance from the stimulus is called a: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if the graded potential is significantly large it triggers an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| synaptic activity produces graded potentials in the plasma membrane of the postsynaptic cell. This process typically involves the release of __________ by the presynaptic cell. these compounds bind to receptors on the postsynaptic plasma membrane , changing it's permeability. |
|
Definition
| neurotransmitters, ex: ACh (comparable to the event in sliding filament theory) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ion channels that are always open. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| open or close in response to specific stimuli. |
|
|
Term
| 3 types of gated channels are: |
|
Definition
| chemically gated, voltage gated and mechanically gated. |
|
|
Term
| a localized depolarization or hyperpolarization is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __________ arises when a region of excitable membrane depolarizes to its _________. |
|
Definition
| action potential, threshold. |
|
|
Term
| steps of an action potential (quick and dirty) |
|
Definition
1. membrane depolarization to threshold, activation of sodium channels and rapid depolarization.
2. inactivation of sodium channels and activity of potassium channels
3. return to normal permeability. |
|
|
Term
| action potentials follow which principle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the refractory period? |
|
Definition
| the time an action potential begins up until the normal resting potential has returned. (all cylinders are firing so it will be impossible for the cell membrane to do anything else until resting potential returns) |
|
|
Term
| what happens to the postsynaptic cell after a neurotransmitter is released? |
|
Definition
| a depolarization occurs (which is a graded potential) and if there is a very large number of ACh and that brings the adjacent area to threshold, then an action potential will appear at the postsynaptic membrane. |
|
|
Term
| what are some examples of cutaneous senses? |
|
Definition
| touch, pressure, temperature, pain, vibrations |
|
|
Term
| cutaneous receptors can be either encapsulated or non-encapsulated. Give the names of the 2 non-encapsulated cutaneous receptors: |
|
Definition
| hair follicle receptor and free nerve ending |
|
|
Term
| Give some examples of encapsulated cutaneous sense receptors: |
|
Definition
| meissner corpuscle, ruffini end organ, pacinian corpuscle. |
|
|
Term
| The only major sensation relayed directly to the cerebral cortex without passing through thalamus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| receptors that mediate the gustatory sense: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 types of papillae are used in the sensation of taste, which are they: |
|
Definition
Circumvallate papilla- help to rapidly detect taste change and for salvation, contain many taste buds
Filiform papilla- make tongue rough to manipulate food, no function
Fungiform papilla- contain a few taste buds. |
|
|
Term
| The 5 types of taste are: |
|
Definition
| salty, sweet, bitter, umami and sour |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Auricle (Pinna)
External auditory meatus (ear canal)
Tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
|
|
Term
| malleous, incus and stapes are the: |
|
Definition
| auditory ossicles, they are components of the middle ear |
|
|
Term
| the auditory tube is also known as the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the inner ear is composed of: |
|
Definition
Cochlea
Vestibule
Semicircular canals |
|
|
Term
| what is the structure of the cochlea? |
|
Definition
Scala vestibuli & Scala tympani on either side of the cochlear duct filled with perilymph
Cochlear duct filled with endolymph |
|
|
Term
| what is the pathway of sound? |
|
Definition
| Tympanic membrane --> Auditory ossicles -->Oval window --> Perilymph in Scala Vestibuli --> Vestibular membrane (+ Endolymph) --> Basilar membrane -->Perilymph in Scala Tympani --> Round window |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| At the entrance to the inner ear is the VESTIBULE which contains two sacs of fluid called the UTRICLE and the SACCULE which are floating in perilymph. They are sensory organs responsible for detecting and transmitting information regarding balance, position in space, acceleration, and deceleration. Suspended in the fluid are calcium carbonate particles called OTOLITHS. As the head moves from one position to the other, these ear stones will move too. The otoliths brush against sensory nerve hairs that line the utricle and saccule, which depolarize and send a message to the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The SEMICIRCULAR CANALS contain fluid and are responsible for detecting changes in motion. There are three semicircular canals (all at different angles), each responsible for detecting motion on a different plane. Within the canals are nerve hairs which sense changes in the movement of the perilymph fluid and depolarize, thus sending a message to the brain. Ex: spinning in a circle |
|
|
Term
| passive leak ion channels are: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligand gated ion channels: |
|
Definition
| must have specific stimulus to open it (Na+) |
|
|
Term
| voltage gated ion channels |
|
Definition
| activated by changes in electrical potential difference near the channel; these types of ion channels are especially critical in neurons, but are common in many types of cells. |
|
|
Term
| mechanically gated ion channels: |
|
Definition
| open or close in response to specific distortion (ex: pressure) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| changes in the trans-membrane potentials that cannot spread far from the site of stimulation. |
|
|
Term
| which ion channels respond to temperature sensors in the skin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what triggers an action potential? |
|
Definition
| resting membrane potential and ion channels |
|
|
Term
| how is an action potential conducted down the axon? |
|
Definition
| ion channels and action potentials, myelination & saltatory conduction/nodes of ranvier, types of fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurring at a single synapse when a second EPSP arrives before the effects of the first have disappeared |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| resulting from the cumulative effects of multiple synapses at various locations. |
|
|
Term
| hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane is an: |
|
Definition
| inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) |
|
|
Term
| a depolarization caused by a neurotransmitter is an: |
|
Definition
| excitatory postsynaptic potential or EPSP |
|
|
Term
| relative vs. absolute refractory period |
|
Definition
| relative begins when the sodium channels regain their normal resting contition whereas absolute refractory period happens when the membrane cannot respond to ANY further stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest, myelinated.. action potentials are fastest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smaller myelinated axons, slower but still faster than type C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unmyelinated and very small, action potentials move at a leisurely pace. |
|
|
Term
| After ACh has been released, bound to receptor and depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane what happens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens when norepinephrine is released? |
|
Definition
| It has an excitatory, depolarizing effect on the postsynaptic membrane. |
|
|
Term
| If the neurons that produce dopamine are damaged or destroyed, the result can be the characteristic rigidity and stiffness of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors increase serotonin concentrations at synapses and over time, the increase may relieve symptoms of depression. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| generally has an inhibitory effect on cell membranes |
|
|
Term
| which part of the eye protects the surface of the eye, lubricates the eye and prevents debris from entering the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the mucous membrane that lines the inside surface of the eyelid and the anterior of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the gland that is superior and lateral to the eye and produces tears? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many muscles of the eye exist? |
|
Definition
| 6-- superior, inferior, medial oblique/rectus |
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the opening of the eye where light enters? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which structure controls the size of the pupil to control the amount of light that is let into the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the dense avascular connective tissue around the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this structure has 2 componenets: _____ is the white part of the eye and is continous with the cornea. It provides mechanical support to the eye and is the site of attachment for the extrinsic eye muscles. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the _____ bends rays of light (eyes) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the anterior chamber of the eye is filled with ________ humor, which is similar in structure to CSF. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the _______ gives a person his or her eye color. This structure also has 2 smooth muscles that control its diameter. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the iris attaches to the ______ which uses a ciliary muscle to focus the lens and also produces aqueous humor. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the ______ is also known as the vascular tunic. It consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroids. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the _______ provides nutrients to the 3 layers of the eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a _______ connect the lens to ciliary muscles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the largest chamber of the eye is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the posterior cavity is filled with: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the neural layer of the retina contains 2 types of photoreceptors: ____ and ______. These two types of photoreceptors are not distributed evenly within the eye. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rods are mostly found within the _______ of the retina. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the macula lutea contains only ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The macula lutea contains a depressed spot called the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the blind spot is because of and also known as the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the external ear consists of the ________ which is also known as the pinna. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the tympanic membrane is also known as the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the ________ is an air filled tube that is also known as the pharynogotympanic tube that equalizes air pressure between the ear and the surrounding atmosphere. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the inner ear, this structure forms a spiral shape: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the cochlea contains the vestibular complex, which contains receptors for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the cochlea consists of the _____ and the _________. |
|
Definition
| cochlear duct, bony cochlea |
|
|
Term
| the cochlear duct is also known as the membranous labyrinth and is filled with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the bony cochlea is also known as the bony labyrinth and is filled with: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the middle ear, the malleus, incus and stapes are also known as the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the stapes rests on the ______ window. sound then is eventually transmitted to the _____ window. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the organ of Corti, hair cells touch the ________ membrane. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the vestibule, two structures called the _______ and _________ are important in detecting gravity. Hair cells in the macula are embedded in gelatin containing otoliths. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the semicircular canals, angular momentum is detected in the _______, which contains endolymph. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which cranial nerve is the largest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which cranial nerve is the only one that exits the posterior side of the brainstem? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which cranial nerves are responsible for eye movement |
|
Definition
| oculomotor (3), trochlear (4), and abducent (6) |
|
|
Term
| which 3 nerves carry gustatory (taste) information? |
|
Definition
| facial, olfactory and glossopharyngeal |
|
|
Term
| which cranial nerve is the longest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which sensory nerves carry information about blood pressure to the brain? |
|
Definition
| glossopharyngeal (9) and vagus (10) |
|
|
Term
| this cranial nerve is associated with balance and hearing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which nerve can be tested to see if tongue movement is impaired? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the middle ear is the air filled portion of the ear located within the _______ portion of the temporal bone. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can drug use (heroin) cause a person to acquire symptoms of Parkinson's disease? |
|
Definition
| parkinson's disease is caused by a drastic breakdown of dopamine in the substantia nigra. drugs like heroin attack this region of the brain causing a drastic loss of dopamine and symptoms of Parkinson's. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| metencephalon (then becomes cerebellum and pons) and myelencephalon (then becomes medulla oblongata) |
|
|
Term
| In the spinal cord gray matter is found on the inside and white matter on the outside. what is white and gray matter? |
|
Definition
gray matter: soma's are unmyelinated
white matter: mylenated axons |
|
|
Term
| in the brain _____ matter is deepest and ____ matter is most superficial. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| basal cell nuclei refer to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the corpus quadramina (midbrain) the superior colliculus is responsible for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the corpus quadramina of the midbrain, the inferior colliculi are responsible for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the red nucleus is located in the _______ and is responsible for ________. |
|
Definition
| midbrain, motor coordination |
|
|
Term
| the substantia nigra is located in the _______ and is important in reward, addiction and movement. It appears black because of high levels of melanin in neurons that release dopamine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which group of nuclei scattered throughout the brainstem controls cyclic activities such as the sleep-wake cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which portion of the diencephalon is responsible for integration of the nervous and endocrine systems? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| true or false the midbrain originates from the rhomencephalon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receives information from the cerebrum and cerebellum, issues subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone. |
|
|
Term
| the term higher brain centers refers to those areas of the brain involved in higher-order functions. These centers would probably include nuclei centers and cortical areas of: |
|
Definition
| the cerebrum, diencephalon and cerebellum |
|
|
Term
| where is the site of cerebrospinal fluid production? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tracts that link the cerebellum with the brain stem. |
|
|
Term
| the dural fold that divides the two cerebellar hemispheres is the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and secreted by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the primary purpose of the blood-brain barrier is to: |
|
Definition
| isolate neural tissue in the CNS from the general circulation |
|
|
Term
| the centers in the pons that modify the activity of the respiratory rhythmical centers in the medulla oblongata are the: |
|
Definition
| apneustic and pneumotaxic centers |
|
|
Term
| the nucleus gracilis in the medulla oblongata helps relay information for the _______ touch sense and the nucleus cuneatus relays information for the _____ touch sense. |
|
Definition
| lower body, upper body (except face) |
|
|
Term
| the final relay point for ascending sensory information that will be projected to the primary sensory cortex is the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the establishment of emotional states is a function of the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| coordination of learned movement patterns at the subconscious level is performed by the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 important functions of CSF? |
|
Definition
1. cushioning delicate neural structures
2. supporting the brain
3. transporting nutrients, chemical messengers and waste products |
|
|
Term
| Which 3 areas of the brain are not isolated from general circulation by the blood brain barrier? |
|
Definition
1. portions of the hypothalamus where the capillary endothelium is extremely permeable
2. capillaries in the pineal gland
3. capillaries in the choroid plexus |
|
|
Term
| name the 12 cranial nerves in order: |
|
Definition
| olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducent, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal |
|
|
Term
| briefly summarize the overall function of the cerebellum |
|
Definition
| the cerebellum adjusts voluntary and involuntary motor activities based on sensory information and stored memories of previous experiences. |
|
|
Term
| the only cranial nerves that are attached to the cerebrum are the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If symptoms characteristic of Parkinson disease appear, which part of the mesencephalon is inhibited from secreting a neurotransmitter? Which neurotransmitter is it? |
|
Definition
| In Parkinson disease, the substantia nigra is inhibited from secreting the neurotransmitter, dopamine, at the basal nuclei. |
|
|
Term
| Stimulation of which part of the brain would produce sensations of hunger and thirst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the _______ is shaped like a sea horse and appears to be important in the storage and retrieval of long term memories. Which functional system of the brain is this located? |
|
Definition
| hippocampus, which is part of the limbic system |
|
|
Term
| what varied roles does the hypothalamus play in the body? |
|
Definition
1. subconscious control of skeletal muscle contractions
2. control of autonomic functions
3. coordination of nervous and endocrine systems
4. secretion of hormones
5. production of emotions and drives
6. coordination of autonomic and voluntary functions
7. regulation of body temp
8. control of circadian rhythms |
|
|
Term
| the limbic system or motivational system includes the |
|
Definition
| amygdaloid body, cingulate gyrus, dentate gyrups, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus and fornix. The functions of the limbic system involve emotional states and related behavioral drives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| masses of gray matter that lie within each hemisphere deep to the floor of the lateral ventricle. |
|
|
Term
| the basal nuclei are involved with: |
|
Definition
| subconscious control of skeletal muscle tone and the coordination of learned movement patterns. provide general pattern for rhythm. |
|
|
Term
| mesencephalon, the pons and the medulla oblongata comprise the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why can damage to the medulla oblongata cause death? |
|
Definition
| it contains cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory centers |
|
|
Term
| which nuclei in the medulla oblongata are responsible for relaying somatic sensory information to the thalamus? |
|
Definition
| nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus |
|
|
Term
| sensory fibers have cell bodies in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| motor fibers travel in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are dermatomes and what are some important ones? |
|
Definition
an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve.
some important ones:
# C2 - posterior half of the skull cap
# C3 - area correlating to a high turtle neck shirt
#lumbar nerves sense information from the front of the legs
--dermatomes allow you to pinpoint nerve damage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
innervates superficial neck structures, skin of neck, posterior portion of head.
ansa cervicalis: loop between C1-C3
-phrenic nerve
--from C3-C5 (cervical and brachial plexuses innervates diaphragm) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the brachial plexus...
5 ventral rami form 3 trunks that separate into 6 divisions then form cords that give rise to these branches/nerves:
-axillary
-radial
-musculocutaneous
-ulnar
-median |
|
|
Term
| The plexus at L1-L4 and the plexus at L4-S5 constitute the: |
|
Definition
lumbar plexus and sacral plexus or lumbosacral plexus
-four major nerves exit and enter lower limb
--obturator
--femoral
--tibial
--common fibular (peroneal) |
|
|
Term
| ____ are responsible for vision at low light levels. ____ are responsible for vision when light is brighter. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is unique about the fovea and cone/rod distribution? |
|
Definition
| it is rod free with a high density of cones |
|
|
Term
| which photoreceptor cells are inhibited by light? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this type of photoreceptor does not discriminate among colors of light, and allows us to see in dimly lit rooms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the frequency of a perceived sound is determined by: |
|
Definition
| which part of the cochlear duct is stimulated. |
|
|
Term
| the intensity (volume) of a perceived sound is determined by: |
|
Definition
| how many of the hair cells at the location are stimulated. |
|
|
Term
| what is unique about the sense of smell when compared to other senses? |
|
Definition
| olfactory stimulation is the only type of sensory information that reaches the cerebral cortex directly. |
|
|
Term
| how is olfactory information relayed to the brain? |
|
Definition
| reaches cerebral cortex directly, then a parallel distribution to the limbic system and hypothalamus help explain the profound emotional and behavioral responses, as well as the memories that can be triggered by certain smells. |
|
|
Term
| the olfactory epithelium contains what types of cells? |
|
Definition
| olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells, and regenerative basal cells (stem cells). |
|
|
Term
| What is olfactory adaptation? |
|
Definition
| when you quickly lose the ability to smell something by fatigue. |
|
|
Term
| how do we distinguish between different smells? |
|
Definition
| the CNS interprets each smell on the basis of the overall pattern of receptor activity. |
|
|
Term
| the blind spot occurs in the retina where: |
|
Definition
| the optic nerve attaches to the retina |
|
|
Term
| sound waves are converted into mechanical movements by the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the basic receptors in the inner ear are the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| at sunset, your vision reverts to _____ based vision. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the malleus, incus, and stapes are the tiny bones located in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| receptors in the saccule and utricle provide sensations of: |
|
Definition
| gravity and linear acceleration |
|
|
Term
| the organ of corti is located in the _______ of the inner ear. |
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Term
| trace the olfactory pathway from the time an odor reaches the olfactory epithelium until nerve impulses reach their final destination in the brain: |
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Definition
| axons leaving the olfactory epithelium collect into 20 or more bundles that penetrate the cribiform plate of the ethmoid to reach the olfactory bulbs of the cerebrum. Axons leaving the olfactory bulb travel along the olfactory tract to reach the olfactory cortex, hypothalamus, and portions of the limbic system. |
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Term
| when viewing an object close to you, your lens should be more ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| damage to the capula of the lateral semicircular duct would interfere with the perception of: |
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Definition
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Term
| when viewing an object close to you, your lens should be more: |
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Definition
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