Term
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Definition
| produces bile, detoxifies blood from small intestine, nutrient storage/release/interconversion |
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Term
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Definition
| stores, concentrates and releases bile |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mixing, mechanical digestion |
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Term
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Definition
| HCl, pepsinogen(->pepsin, a protease), gastrin (hormone) |
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Term
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Definition
| exocrine gland - lipase, protease, sugar-ase, HCO3 (offsets stomach acid) |
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Term
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Definition
| most of digestive system is suspended by a mesentery and surrounded by a visceral peritoneum |
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Term
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Definition
| aorta, IVC, UG system (intermediate mesoderm). covered on one side by parietal peritoneum. superficial to the peritoneal cavity. |
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Term
| secondarily retroperitoneal |
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Definition
| begin intra, end retro, fuse to body wall. duodenum, pancreas, ascending/descending colon (not transverse, sigmoid etc.) |
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Term
| unitary smooth muscle (3) |
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Definition
| =visceral smooth muscle. autorhythmic due to slow wave potentials, have many gap junctions for coordinated contraction of long sheets of muscle |
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Term
| more action potentials in muscle means |
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Definition
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Term
| how often smooth muscle wave potentials |
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Definition
| 3-12 per minute. stomach/ileum 3-5, duodenum ~ 12. too many potentials -> cramps! |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mostly just pushes stuff back into the antrum |
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Term
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Definition
| peristalsis every 90 minutes with or without food |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| para/sympathetic descending autonomics - increasing parasympathetic decreases sympathetic and vice versa |
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Term
| vagus, pelvic splanchnics |
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Definition
| parasympathetic. 90% sensory. increase motility and secretions |
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Term
| post-ganglionic sympathetics from pre-vertebral ganglia |
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Definition
| decrease motility and secretions. 90% motor. |
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Term
| descending (autonomic) control |
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Definition
| vagus, sympathetic prevertebral ganglia |
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Term
| T/F - descending and local systems interact with each other |
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Definition
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Term
| local (enteric nervous system) |
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Definition
| intramural plexus! myenteric and submucosal. sufficient to operate the system, without autonomics! |
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Term
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Definition
| Auerbach's plexus - motility control. complexes with submucosal for local reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| meissner's plexus, secretions control. interacts with myenteric for local reflexes |
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Term
| GI hormones and paracrines produced by gut epithelium |
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Definition
| hormones - broad effects - CCK, mostly from duodenum. paracrines - local effects - gastrin, mostly from antrum (activates parietal cells) |
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Term
| cephalic phase of digestion |
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Definition
| HCl, pepsinogen and gastrin prep stomach. controlled by vagus |
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Term
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Definition
| stretch receptors in stomach -> vagovagal reflex tells stomach to relax in respond to food, to receive more food. = receptive relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
| antrum feels stretch and mixing begins |
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Term
| intestinal phase of digestion |
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Definition
| chyme arrives in duodenum, release of CCK |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxes pancreatic sphincter (of Ode-eye), increases pancreatic secretions, makes gall bladder smooth muscle relax to secrete bile, contract pyloric sphincter to slow down gastric emptying so FAT can slowly be digested |
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