Term
| how should you breathe during resistance training exercises? |
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Definition
| exhale through the sticking point (during concentric or exertion phase), and inhale during easier part (eccentric phase) |
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Term
| on which exercises should a PT give spotting assistance? |
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Definition
| supervision should be on ALL exercises but spotting mainly on free weight exercises such as: overhead, over the face, bar on upper back, or bar on front of shoulders |
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Term
| what are structural exercises and what is the Valsalva manuever? |
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Definition
structural exercises: laod the vertebral column (ex. back squat, push press)
Valsalva manuever: the glottis (throat) is closed to keep air from escaping lungs while muscles contract |
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Term
| what is flexibility influenced by (in regards to the client) |
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Definition
| joint structure, age, sex |
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Term
| what factors of flexibility can a PT control? |
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Definition
| temperature, overall activity level, participation in a resistance training program, and stretching on a regular basis |
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Term
| what is the difference between elasticity and plasticity? |
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Definition
elasticity: the ability to return to original resting length after a passive stretch
plasticity: a new and greater length after a passive stretch, even after the load is removed |
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Term
| what are some advantages of stability ball exercises? (3) |
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Definition
| injuries are decreased; HRR and oxygen consumption rates increase; ab strength, stability, and balance are increased in pregnants |
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Term
| what are some disadvantages of stability ball exercises? |
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Definition
| some studies show it doesnt improve sports performace; some strengths are not possible; sports performance is better with free weights |
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Term
| what are some examples of lower body plyometric drills? (7) |
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Definition
| skip, standing long jump, vertical jump, jump to/from box, split squat jump, tuck jump, skiing |
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Term
| what are some examples of upper body plyometric drills? - 3 |
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Definition
| chest pass, depth pushup, 45-degree situp |
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Term
| what are some examples of stride frequency speed drills? - 6 |
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Definition
| stationary arm swing, ankling, butt kicker, high knees, uphill sprint, partner resisted sprint |
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Term
| what are some examples of plyometric warmup drills? - 6 |
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Definition
| lunging, toe-jogging, straight-leg jogging, butt kicker, skipping |
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Term
| what is sprint-assissted training? |
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Definition
| running at speeds greater than a client is able to achieve |
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Term
| what is resistive sprinting? |
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Definition
| increase stride length and speed strength by increasing ground force production during the support phase |
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Term
| what are some examples of resistive sprinting? |
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Definition
| uphill sprinting, partner resistance, running in sand or water, parachute |
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Term
| what are some guidelines for resistive training? - 3 |
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Definition
1. should not increase external resistance by more than 10%
2. use resistance laod that is less than 15% of clients body mass
3. use short distances (11-33 yds) |
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Term
| what are some examples of assisted sprinting? |
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Definition
| downgrade sprinting, high speed towing, high speed treadmill |
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Term
| what is the frequency for speed training sessions per weeks? athletes and non |
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Definition
athletes: 2-4 sessions/week
non: 1-2 |
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Term
| what is the progression in a speed training session? |
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Definition
| low intensity (ex. arm swing) > moderate intensity (ex. front barrier hop) > high intensity (ex. downhill sprinting) |
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Term
| what are the 4 main areas for the gait pattern of sprinting? |
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Definition
| Posture (body lean forward of 45 degrees for first 13-16 yds of acceleration, then upright to less than 5 degrees), leg action, arm action, acceleration |
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Term
| what is the preferred frequency, intensity, and duration for cardiovascular exercise? |
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Definition
frequency: 2-5 sessions/week
intensity: 50-85% HRR
duration: 20-60min |
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Term
| what are breathing guidelines when on a cardiovascular machine? |
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Definition
| breath relaxed and regular. should be able to carry on conversation. breath through nose and mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| the failure of one person to comply with a legally determined duty to protect another person, which causes that other person harm |
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Term
| what actions or lack of, constitute negligence? - 4 |
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Definition
1. injuries suffered by clients
2. lack of adherence to guidelines
3. lack of receipt of informed consent for testing
4. lack of waiver or release of liability given by a client before activity |
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Term
| what is meant by 'standard of care?' |
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Definition
| the degree of caution required of a person who is under a duty of care |
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Term
| what constitutes a 'professional' client-PT relationship? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a breach of agreement? |
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Definition
| if a PT did not provide servies or if a client refuse to pay for the services provided |
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Term
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Definition
| wrongful acts that occur between PT and clients that often involve personal injury or even wrongful death claims |
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