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Definition
| vibrations caused by breaking rocks along faults |
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| surface along which rocks break and move |
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| break in rock due to compression forces, where rocks above the fault surface move upward and over the rocks below the fault surface |
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| break in rock due to shearing forces, where rocks on either side of the fault surface move past each other with little upward or downward movement |
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Definition
| break in rock due to tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves downward in relation to the rock below the fault surface |
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Definition
| waves that travel outward from an earthquake's focus and move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave |
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Definition
| waves that travel outward from an earthquake's focus and cause particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction the wave is moving |
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Definition
| waves of energy that reach Earth's surface during an earthquake, travel outward from the epicenter, and move rock particles up and down and side to side |
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| energy waves that are produced at and travel outward from the earthquake focus |
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| point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus |
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Definition
| in an earthquake, the point beneath Earth's surface where energy release occurs |
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| an area where no seismic waves are detected after they are release by an earthquake |
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| Earth's outermost layer, which varies in thickness from above 5 km to 60 km and is seperated from the mantle by the Moho discontinuity |
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| very dense, solid venter of Earth that is made mostly of iron with smaller amounts of oxygen, silicon, sulfur, or nickel |
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| the boundary between the crust and the mantle |
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| the largest layer inside Earth, lying directly above the outer core and that is made mostly of silicon, oxygen, magnesium, and iron |
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Definition
| give us glimpses into what is likely in the core of the planet |
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| liquid core that surrounds Earth's solid inner core and that is made mostly of iron |
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| powerful seismic sea wave that can travel thousands of kilometers in all directions and that begins over an earthquake focus |
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| measure of the energy released by an earthquake |
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| scientist who studies earthquakes and seismic waves |
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| device used by seismologist to record primary, secondary, and surface waves from earthquakes |
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