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| pay rent by giving landlord a portion of their crop |
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| required by their gods to be happy, a belief of ancient Chinese |
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| invention of the early Chinese to let soldiers ride horses and use spears and crossbows while riding |
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| uses thin needles stuck into patient's skin to ease pain |
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| philosophy founded by Hanfeizi that says society needs a system of harsh laws and strict punishment; used by emperor Qin Shiuangdi |
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| usually the head of a Chinese family |
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| a trade network four thousand miles long from SW Asia to China; carried high priced goods such as tea, spices, and silk |
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| military leaders who had their own armies |
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| According to the Zhou dynasty, the king was chosen by heavenly order to rule, but if his rule brought disaster, the people had a right to overthrow him |
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| founded by Laozi, a philosophy that promoted a peaceful society, saying people should give up worldly desires in favor of nature and the Dao |
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| philosophy that says people should put the needs of their family and community first |
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| Huang He (Yellow) River Valley |
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| site of the first Chinese civilizations |
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| built and extended by Quin to keep out the Xiongnu from the north |
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| nobles whose wealth came from land they owned |
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| cold, rocky desert east of the Kunlun Shan and Tian Shan Mountains |
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| practice that requires children to respect their parents and older relatives |
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| government officials appointed by Emperor Qin Shiuangdi to make sure that other government officials did their jobs |
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| first examples of Chinese writing were the scratches made on these by the high priests of the Shang dynasty in telling fortune |
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| Because of its mountains and deserts, only 10% of China can be farmed |
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| ancient China's first great thinker and teacher |
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| another name for the Yangtze River, 3,400 miles long |
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