Term
| what are the 9 cartilages of the larynx, and how many of each are there? |
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Definition
| thyroid(1), cricoid(1), arytenoid(2), epiglottis(1), cuneiform(2) corniculate(2) |
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Term
| what are they 6 dysphonic characteristics? |
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Definition
| breathy, strain-strangled, hoarse, tense, rough, harsh |
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Term
| What are the registers for speaking? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the registers for singing? |
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Definition
| chest, head, falsetto, whistle |
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Term
| How is fundamental frequency used with a client with a voice disorder? |
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Definition
| make sure that the standard deviation is within 20-30 Hz |
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Term
| How is perturbation used with a client with a voice disorder? |
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Definition
| making sure that the shimmer is <1% and jitter is <2.6%. older adults>younger adults, and children>adults |
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Term
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Definition
| the interaction of the voice with the chambers above the vocal folds |
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Term
| how is intensity measured in a client with a voice disorder? |
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Definition
| 10 dB, it is the within the habitual level of loudness |
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Term
| how is H:N ratio can be used with a client with a voice disorder? |
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Definition
| it must be 11.9 dB or greater to be considered normal |
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Term
| how can volume give additional info about a clients voice disorder? |
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Definition
| it can help to relate it to other factors, such as lung volume |
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Term
| how can pressure provide additional info on a clients voice disorder? |
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Definition
| it can help to estimate the SGP, it can directly measure the oral and nasal pressure, and can identify leaks |
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Term
| how can flow be used to provide additional info on a clients voice disorder? |
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Definition
| it can estimate the airflow, if there is low resistance, there is more likely to be a leak. it needs to be at 100 mL for "ahhhh" |
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Term
| what are three types of resonance problems that one may have? |
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Definition
| hypernasality, hyponasality, and behavioral disorders |
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Term
| what causes a cleft palate? |
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Definition
| the palatine bones fusing at the midline and/or with the maxillae |
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Term
| what types of cleft lip are there? |
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Definition
| congenital, covert/overt, uni-/bi-lateral, complete/incomplete |
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Term
| what types of cleft palate are there> |
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Definition
| submucous, uni-/bi-lateral, bifid uvula, can extent to velum, overt/covert |
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Term
| what is an obligatory error? |
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Definition
| one that can't be controlled because they're caused by structural insufficiency |
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Term
| what is a compensatory error? |
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Definition
| one that can be controlled and even corrected since they are learned or behavioral |
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Term
| what is Smith's definition of stuttering? |
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Definition
| stuttering is a continuous disorder present even when stuttering isn't perceived |
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Term
| What is Sheehan's definition of stuttering? |
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Definition
| separates stuttering by way of Overt & Covert features of stuttering – those features that can be observed and the emotional aspects under the surface of the disorder (still part of). |
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Term
| true or false- a multisyllabic word repetition is a normal disfluency |
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Definition
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Term
| which set of words are harder for one who stutters: nouns, verbs, and adverbs; or prepositions, conjuctions, and pronouns? |
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Definition
| nouns, verbs, and adverbs |
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Term
| what is developmental stuttering? |
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Definition
| a disorder of early childhood |
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Term
| what is psychogenic stuttering? |
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Definition
| due to psychological stress or trauma |
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Term
| what is neurogenic stuttering? |
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Definition
| caused by brain injury or stroke |
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Term
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Definition
| talks too fast, trips over own words |
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Term
| how can acoustics be used to work with clients who stutter? |
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Definition
| can calculate their speaking rate, and see the frequency of stuttering |
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Term
| how can kinematics be used in stuttering research? |
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Definition
| can see if there is STI displacement, and look at the movement of the jaw and lip |
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Term
| how can EMG be used in stuttering research? |
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Definition
| it can look at the muscle activation patterns, helps to see if there is excessive muscle tension, since that is associated with disfluent speech, and can measure the amount of muscular activity being used during voice |
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