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4 - Memory tricks and scientific names
South Florida native plants (and a few invasives)
79
Gardening
Undergraduate 2
01/26/2026

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Cards

Term
Abrus precatorius
Definition
poisonous vine with shiny red and black seeds
Term
Anemia adiantifolia
Definition
delicate fern with fertile fronds bipinnate and sterile fronds tripinnate; lower portion of petioles chestnut to reddish brown
Term
Bidens alba
Definition
erect herb; leaves opposite, pinnate to bipinnate; white ray flowers with orangish disk
Term
Byrsonima lucida
Definition
shrub with small, < 4 cm long, opposite, obovate leaves with clasping bases and small pinkish and yellow flowers
Term
Cassytha filiformis
Definition
twining yellowish leafless parasite
Term
Coccothrinax argentata
Definition
fan palm with silver undersides
Term
Euploca polyphylla
Definition
yellowish flowered groundcover
Term
Guaiacum sanctum
Definition
small tree or shrub with opposite pinnate leaves and 3-5 pairs of leaflets with an apical mucro, purple petals, 4- or 5-angled yellowish fruit
Term
Hamelia patens
Definition
semi-woody shrub with whorled leaves and red tubular corollas
Term
Lysiloma latisiliquum
Definition
bipinnate tree with white puffballs and flat pods, 8 or more pairs of dull leaflets per pinna
Term
Metopium toxiferum
Definition
poisonous tree; pinnate, 5 blotchy dark leaflets > 4 cm wide
Term
Miconia bicolor
Definition
shrub with opposite leaves with 5 veins arching longitudinally
Term
Neyraudia reynaudiana
Definition
> 3-m tall invasive grass
Term
Pavonia paludicola
Definition
small tree or large shrub with palmate venation; corollas green; stamens form a tube; epicalix present
Term
Pinus elliottii
Definition
platy barked tree with needles in fascicles of 2
Term
Psychotria nervosa
Definition
shiny nervy shrub with opposite leaves > 3 cm wide; nerves deeply depressed
Term
Pteridium aquilinum var. caudatum
Definition
sprawling, lacy, vinelike fern about 1 m tall
Term
Quercus pumila
Definition
shrub with narrow leaves, gray undersides, and acorns
Term
Quercus virginiana
Definition
broad limbed tree, leaf undersides gray; bark deeply furrowed and ridged; fruit an acorn
Term
Roystonea regia
Definition
very large feather palm, plumose, with crownshaft
Term
Sabal palmetto
Definition
fan palm with split petioles and batwing fronds due to strong costa
Term
Serenoa repens
Definition
creeping fan palm with spines on petioles, < 3 m tall
Term
Vachellia farnesiana
Definition
bipinnate shrub with yellow puffballs and needle-like thorns
Term
Zamia integrifolia
Definition
ground cycad with leathery, shiny, pinnate leaves
Term
Bursera simaruba
Definition
tree with reddish or silvery peeling bark; odd-pinnate, semi-deciduous leaves
Term
Casasia clusiifolia
Definition
small tree or shrub with opposite, fleshy, floppy obovate leaves > 10 cm long, rounded apices
Term
Citharexylum spinosum
Definition
small tree or shrub with oblanceolate, opposite leaves dangling on orangish petioles
Term
Coccoloba diversifolia
Definition
tree or large shrub with sculptured, often multicolored bark and circular ochrea scars around twigs; leaves variable generally elliptic
Term
Cordia sebestena
Definition
medium sized tree with > 10 cm long leaves, cordate, sandpapery, and reddish-orange corollas
Term
Croton punctatus
Definition
moundy shrub on beach to 1 m with grayish stellate hairs and trilobed fruits
Term
Ernodea littoralis
Definition
sprawling groundcover with pointy, opposite, yellow-green leaves
Term
Helianthus debilis
Definition
triangular-leaved groundcover, white ray flowers with orange, leaves opposite and alternate
Term
Lantana involucrata
Definition
grayish shrub 1-2 m tall, leaves opposite, sandpapery, < 5 cm long
Term
Panicum amarum
Definition
rhizomatous beach grass with bluish leaves > 5 mm wide, arching open panicles, the spikelets narrowly ovate
Term
Piscidia piscipula
Definition
tree with steel grayish oblong leaflets > 5 cm long
Term
Pithecellobium keyense
Definition
shrub or small tree, bipinnate leaves with 2 squat leaflets on each of 2 pinnae
Term
Randia aculeata
Definition
small shrub with shiny opposite leaves < 5 cm long, with mucro, right-angled branches, stem ends often spinelike
Term
Sophora tomentosa
Definition
sprawling shrub with pinnate, sometimes tomentose leaves, yellow papilionaceous corollas, pods constricted between seeds
Term
Thrinax radiata
Definition
fan palm with prominent hastula, no costa, fronds to 1.5 m wide, segments > 5 cm wide, white fruit
Term
Uniola paniculata
Definition
rhizomatous beach grass with spikelets large, broad, and flat, > 15 mm long
Term
Acoelorraphe wrightii
Definition
erect clumping fan palm usually > 2 m tall with spines on petioles; fronds about 0.75 m in diameter
Term
Callicarpa americana
Definition
shrub with opposite crenate leaves > 10 cm long, fragrant
Term
Chrysophyllum oliviforme
Definition
tree; leaf undersides satiny bronze
Term
Krugiodendron ferreum
Definition
small columnar tree; smallish leaves < 6 cm long, glossy, undulate margins, both alternate and opposite
Term
Lantana depressa
Definition
groundcover with yellowish flower clusters; leaves opposite, rough, fragrant
Term
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Definition
slender bunch grass about 1 m tall with bright open panicles of spikelets in October
Term
Myrsine cubana
Definition
small tree with fleshy, revolute leaves; flowers and fruits on stems
Term
Ruellia caroliniensis
Definition
upright groundcover with opposite leaves and purple corolla lobes
Term
Senna mexicana var. chapmanii
Definition
sprawling pinnate shrub with long ovate, long acute apex leaflets; 5 yellow petals; brown sickle pods
Term
Swietenia mahagoni
Definition
large even pinnate tree; leaflets very asymmetrical at base (especially older); fruits grayish, upright, about 10 cm long
Term
Taxodium distichum
Definition
buttressed wetland tree with flat needles and often "knees" from ground
Term
Chrysobalanus icaco
Definition
shrub with coin-like leaves at upward angle
Term
Coccoloba uvifera
Definition
spreading tree with dinnerplate leaves, trunk sculptured, often multicolored bark and circular ochrea scars around twigs
Term
Conocarpus erectus
Definition
tree with pointy leaves clustered, tiny domatia in leaf underside vein axils, 2 nectaries on petiole
Term
Damburneya coriacea
Definition
tree with sigmoid (S-shaped) petioles and faintly lemon odor; fine reticulate veins
Term
Gymnanthes lucida
Definition
globular tree with pine-cone-like catkins in leaf axils; leaf bases catch fingernail; fruits trilobed
Term
Myrcianthes fragrans
Definition
small tree with small, opposite, punctate, fragrant leaves, multi-colored bark, reddening fruit edible
Term
Psychotria ligustrifolia
Definition
small shrub with opposite, elliptic leaves < 3 cm wide, lateral veins not deeply depressed and leaf blades dullish
Term
Quadrella jamaicensis
Definition
small tree or shrub with leaves silvery scaly below
Term
Schinus terebinthifolia
Definition
sprawling invasivel tree, pinnate, leaflets < 4 cm wide, often serrate, with minutely winged rachises
Term
Vachellia choriophylla
Definition
bipinnate shrub with yellow puffballs and no thorns
Term
Acrostichum danaeifolium
Definition
big wetland fern > 1 m tall; pinnae > 3 cm wide; fertile fronds with rust-colored feltlike sori
Term
Laguncularia racemosa
Definition
tree with white bark; leaves opposite, rounded-apex, without prominent veins or midrib; upper and lower surfaces alike
Term
Morella cerifera
Definition
shrub or small tree, leaves with resin glands, often notched or deeply toothed, turpentine odor
Term
Persea borbonia
Definition
tree with leaf undersides gray, fragrant
Term
Rhizophora mangle
Definition
tree with prop roots and large shiny opposite leaves, in saltwater; midrib very prominent below
Term
Sideroxylon foetidissimum
Definition
big tree with undulate leaf margins and tasty orange gummy fruits about 2 cm long
Term
Simarouba glauca
Definition
tree with shiny leaflets rounded apically and soft grayish puberulent below
Term
Sisyrinchium angustifolium
Definition
grass-like leaves clumped, with lavender, 6-pointed flowers
Term
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
Definition
sprawling groundcover with opposite, serrate leaves and light violet corollas
Term
Thelypteris kunthii
Definition
fern, secondary leaflets pinnatifid (not fully divided), falcate with 2 rows of sori
Term
Tillandsia usneoides
Definition
light gray strings hang down e.g. from oaks
Term
Tripsacum dactyloides
Definition
bunch grass with disarticulating rachises; male spikeltets above female
Term
Ardisia escallonioides
Definition
shrub or small tree with fleshy, lustrous leaves and indistinct lateral veins
Term
Heliotropium angustifolium
Definition
herb to 60 cm tall, corollas white in curved cymes
Term
Pleopeltis polypodioides
Definition
small epiphytic fern with fronds pinnatifid (not fully divided)
Term
Avicennia germinans
Definition
tree with pneumatophores up from roots, leaves opposite with salty white undersides
Term
Ilex cassine
Definition
columnar small tree, glossy leaves, small serrations sometimes near apices, bright red berries; has stipules
Term
Pseudophoenix sargentii
Definition
feather palm with grayish trunk and lower sides of fronds, crownshaft ambiguous
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