Term
| Why do taping arrows come in sets of 11? |
|
Definition
| So that measurements of 1,000 feet can easily be recorded without confusion. |
|
|
Term
| What is the general rule for applying tension to a steel tape? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called when the recorder inadvertently forgets to record a tape length? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define accuracy for "first." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define accuracy for "second." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define accuracy for "third." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define accuracy for "fourth." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The quality of a result; your work compared to established standards. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The quality of an operation by which a result was obtained. |
|
|
Term
| When horizontally taping on sloping ground, why must you keep the tape horizontal? |
|
Definition
| If the tape is not horizontal, you introduce error. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measuring a full tape length in a series of short measurements. |
|
|
Term
| What two factors determine the number of times a tape must be "broken" when taping on sloping ground? |
|
Definition
| The steepness of the slope and the height at which the tapeman can plumb accurately and comfortably. |
|
|
Term
| How many members are usually on a taping party? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which team member is responsible for supervising the taping party? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who keeps the taping party in alignment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which member of the taping party is responsible for making sure the tape is in the proper position? |
|
Definition
| All the members of the team. |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between an "error" and a "mistake"? |
|
Definition
| An error is constantly present and can be detected and compensated for. A mistake is a blunder and may not be detectable. |
|
|
Term
| What is a standardized tape? |
|
Definition
| A tape whose length has been compared to a known distance under known conditions. |
|
|
Term
| When measuring between established points with a "short" tape, will you add or subtract the correction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what temperature is the standard length of a steel tape usually determined? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much do most steel tapes expand or contract per 100 feet per 15 degree chance in temperature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stadia is a method of measuring distance and difference in elevation, based on the geometric principle that in two similar triangles the corresponding sides are proportional. |
|
|
Term
| What equipment is required for stadia measurements? |
|
Definition
| A graduated rod, and an optical instrument which contains three horizontal cross hairs and one vertical hair. |
|
|
Term
| What is the value of stadia constant C for an internal focusing instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the value of stadia constant C for an external focusing instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define "stadia interval factor." |
|
Definition
| The focal length of the telescope's objective lens divided by the actual distance between the stadia hairs. |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for the horizontal distance from the focal point to the rod? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the horizontal distance with a stadia interval factor of 100 and a stadia intercept of 3.73? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Find the horizontal distance when the stadia interval factor is 200, the top hair reading is 6.22, and the center hair reading is 5.30. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for slope taping? |
|
Definition
| C = h^2/2s. H is the difference in elevation, S is the slope distance. |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula used for distance when there is standardized tape? |
|
Definition
| Total distance / 100, multiplied by the difference between the standardized tape's length and 100 (+/-), then added or subtracted to the total distance. |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula used to determine sag? |
|
Definition
| C = W^2 x L / 24t^2. C is the correction for sag, W is the total weight of the tape, L is the length of the tape, and T is the tension applied. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The angular relationship of one line to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The difference in values of two directions observed from the same point. |
|
|
Term
| In what three ways may an angle be observed? |
|
Definition
| As a station angle, as an explement angle, or as a deflection angle. |
|
|
Term
| What do we call an angle observed by backsighting a station, then measuring clockwise to a forward station? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do we call an angle that is observed by backsighting a station, plunging the telescope, then turning the angle to the forward station? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two angles' sum must equal 360 degrees? |
|
Definition
| A station angle and an explement angle. |
|
|
Term
| A survey follows a figure that ties into the starting point and the station angles are taken inside the figure. What kind of angles are their explement angles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A horizontal line measured from north, turned clockwise, and has a value from 0 to 360. |
|
|
Term
| What kind of azimuths are usually based on meridians? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of azimuth is based on the assumption that a small part of the earth's surface can coincide with the surface of a geometric figure that can be developed into a plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| By how much may the compass measured difference between a magnetic forward azimuth and the magnetic back azimuth vary? |
|
Definition
| Several degrees because of local magnetic attraction. |
|
|
Term
| What three things must you know to compute the azimuth of an unknown line? |
|
Definition
| The azimuth of the known line, the angle between the known and unknown lines, and the direction in which the angle was turned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A horizontal line turned from either north or south, in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, having an angular value between 0 and 90. |
|
|
Term
| What must be done to ensure any degree of accuracy when using the theodolite? |
|
Definition
| Properly set the instrument up on its tripod. |
|
|
Term
| When setting up the tripod, what should you always strive to do? |
|
Definition
| Set it up so the position, which you will occupy, will be in between two legs. |
|
|
Term
| What is the last step in setting up the tripod? |
|
Definition
| Tighten the wing nuts on the tripod legs. |
|
|
Term
| What are the major assemblies of the theodolite? |
|
Definition
| Tribrach, lower part, alidade, and telescope. |
|
|
Term
| Which assembly screws to the tripod? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the standing axis located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What three motion locks are located on the lower plate? |
|
Definition
| Horizontal clamp, circle locking level, horizontal drive screw. |
|
|
Term
| Which motion lock is unlocked to a record a turned angle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which motion lock allows fine tuning of a setting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the tilting axis located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the vertical located? |
|
Definition
| Inside the same standard as the illumination mirror. |
|
|
Term
| How is the theodolite viewed in "face right" position? |
|
Definition
| The vertical circle will be in the right standard. |
|
|
Term
| What is used to locate the theodolite precisely over a point? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is used for initial leveling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is used for final leveling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does focusing the telescope eyepiece eliminate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When viewing the horizontal and vertical circles through the reading microscope, what color is the horizontal circle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the sum of the upper and lower reading of the horizontal circle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the vertical circle display vertical angles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What position is the telescope when a vertical angle of 270 degrees is viewed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After indexing the horizontal circle, where is the telescope pointed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the telescope pointed when reading the last reading? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is measuring in both faces also known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do we double an angle? |
|
Definition
| To compensate for instrument and personal errors. |
|
|
Term
| Is face left the direct, or indirect position? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called when vertical angles are sighted twice? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What must be done when the mean for either a horizontal or vertical angle is not within +/- 15 seconds of the first reading? |
|
Definition
| The entire measurement should be repeated. |
|
|
Term
| Name the three types of errors that affect angle observations? |
|
Definition
| Instrument, personal, and environmental errors. |
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is making coincidence for reading? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is eccentricity of the horizontal circle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of errors are differential temperatures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is refraction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of errors are small graduation errors of the horizontal circle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is pointing the instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of errors are adjustable errors of the theodolite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is centering the instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is leveling the instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of error is reading the circles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should you always use to pick up the theodolite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How may you carry the set up theodolite in open areas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How should you carry the set up theodolite in congested or brushy areas? |
|
Definition
| The tripod under on arm, the other hand under tripod. |
|
|
Term
| Who most likely performs periodic maintenance on your surveying instruments at your base? |
|
Definition
| The PMEL, or a private contractor. |
|
|
Term
| How many adjustments could you perform in the field on your theodolite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you happen to perform any field adjustments on your theodolite, what should you do immediately upon returning to your shop? |
|
Definition
| Turn the instrument into your certified lab. |
|
|
Term
| What does the EDM instrument use to measure distances? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nearest thousandth of a foot. |
|
|
Term
| Once you attach an EDM to a theodolite, what have you created? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do total station instruments excel? |
|
Definition
| When high accuracy and/or high complexity is an issue. |
|
|
Term
| What are the main parts of a total station? |
|
Definition
| Theodolite, EDM, and computerized data recorder. |
|
|
Term
| What type of display does the total station keyboard use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of level is the AF's choice since the 1980s? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does "differential leveling" mean? |
|
Definition
| All rod readings are compared to an established elevation and the differences are computed to establish elevations of other points. |
|
|
Term
| What feature allows the auto level to maintain a horizontal line of sight? |
|
Definition
| An optical pendulum hung in the telescope's optical path. |
|
|
Term
| How are the cross hairs of the auto level fine tuned on the rod? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a very important consideration when carrying the auto level? |
|
Definition
| Always carry the instrument in the upright position. |
|
|
Term
| Since the auto level is so easy to set up and level, what habit should you acquire? |
|
Definition
| Disassembling the level from its tripod and carrying it in its case. |
|
|
Term
| What field adjustment can be made on the auto level? |
|
Definition
| Adjusting the circular level. |
|
|
Term
| Name the two types of leveling rods. |
|
Definition
| Self-reading and target rods. |
|
|
Term
| What type of self-reading rod is most widely used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the length of the Philadelphia rod in normal and extended position? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a target rod is used, who takes the reading? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can the rodman do to ensure the rod is vertical? |
|
Definition
| Respond to the instrumentman's instruction, use a rod level, and wave the rod. |
|
|
Term
| On a rod graduated to hundredths, what do the bottoms of the black marks indicate on the reference plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can the instrumentman tell if the rod is vertical in the plane that is perpendicular to the line of sight? |
|
Definition
| By comparing the rod to the vertical cross hair. |
|
|
Term
| What is the advantage of using a target rod? |
|
Definition
| Mistakes in reading are less likely. |
|
|
Term
| Name three conditions when using a target rod will facilitate the work. |
|
Definition
| Very long sights, sights in which the rod is partly obscured, and where you must establish a number of points all at the same direction. |
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred maximum distance for sighting a leveling rod? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the vertical distance between two points determined? |
|
Definition
| Subtracting the smaller reading from the larger. |
|
|
Term
| When is the level bubble checked? |
|
Definition
| Before and after every sighting. |
|
|
Term
| Name three accessories that increase the accuracy of measuring vertical distances. |
|
Definition
| Rod target, rod level, and turning point. |
|
|
Term
| Which feature of the rod target allows reading to fractions of a graduation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of rod verniers? |
|
Definition
| Direct and retrograde vernier. |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of rod levels? |
|
Definition
| Spirit and circular levels. |
|
|
Term
| Which type of rod level is preferred, and why? |
|
Definition
| Circular level, because the rodman only has to watch one bubble. |
|
|
Term
| What type of turning point would you use in sandy soil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of turning point would you use on firm ground? |
|
Definition
| Turning pin or a wooden stake. |
|
|
Term
| What type of range pole should be used when surveying near powerlines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many arrows are included in a set? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term used for measuring a 100 foot horizontal distance in a series of measurements that total 100 feet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which member of the taping party aligns the head tapeman? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is always present in surveying operations, but can be compensated through detection and correcting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ratio is not a stadia interval? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In surveying, what is the angular relationship of one line to another? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two angles equal 360 degrees? |
|
Definition
| Station and explement angles. |
|
|
Term
| How many azimuths does every line have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What direction description should not be used when exact north is critical? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In computing and determining azimuths, when the angle is turned to the right (clockwise) from the known line, the value of the angle is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Besides being turned from north to south in clockwise or counterclockwise direction, what other features describes a bearing? |
|
Definition
| An angular value between 0 and 90. |
|
|
Term
| What does the azimuth equal in the southwest quadrant? |
|
Definition
| Azimuth = bearing angle + 180 degrees. |
|
|
Term
| What are the four major assemblies of the theodolite? |
|
Definition
| Tribrach, lower part, alidade, telescope. |
|
|
Term
| On which major assembly of the theodolite will you find the circular level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the theodolite, which motion lock, when unlocked, allows the recording of any angle turned? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where on the theodolite is the tilting axis supported? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What color is the vertical circle on the theodolite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When measuring a vertical angle, in what position is the telescope initially indexed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not a type of error affecting angle observations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In how many cases is the theodolite stored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should be used to remove dust from the knobs of the theodolite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the line of sight is not perpendicular to the tilting axis, what field adjustment is needed? |
|
Definition
| Horizontal collimation error. |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of a total station surveying equipment? |
|
Definition
| Theodolite, EDM, data recorder. |
|
|
Term
| How many field adjustments can you perform on the auto level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When reading the rod, what color are the whole foot marks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of verniers used on rod targets? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of rod level is preferred? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of turning point would you use in sandy soil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of turning point would you use on concrete pavement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Plane surveys are performed when only limited accuracy is required and the area is less than about: |
|
Definition
| 250 sq km, or 155 sq miles. |
|
|
Term
| The three survey networks established within the US are: |
|
Definition
| Basic, supplementary, and auxiliary. |
|
|
Term
| Reconnaissance will usually determine what surveying condition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Survey speed is a result of saving time through: |
|
Definition
| Skill, planning and preparation, and making measurements that are consistent with accuracy requirements. |
|
|
Term
| Which information does not have to appear in the field notebook? |
|
Definition
| Detailed sketch of the job site with a north arrow. |
|
|
Term
| How accurate must sketches be in the field notebook? |
|
Definition
| Drawn to scale, drawn approximately, and drawn to exaggerated scale for clarity. |
|
|
Term
| What is true of surveying field notes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which item is not a solution used to check surveying computations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a type of surveying error? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The difference between the measured value of a quantity and the true value of the quantity is the called the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the highest order work that can be performed with an ordinary 100 foot surveyor's tape, which can be read to the nearest .01 foot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is established by a traverse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A four-sided traverse that ends on the point of beginning has one line, DA, crossing a lake. If you find the length DA mathematically, then the traverse is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is determined from a reconnaissance traverse? |
|
Definition
| Starting point, the route to be followed, and the points to be controlled. |
|
|
Term
| The directions of traverse lines to be used as a road centerline are: |
|
Definition
| Determined before the survey. |
|
|
Term
| What is the usual type of hub, and how is it driven into the ground? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The starting point of a traverse must be a: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What category of leveling uses trigonometry? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which result happens during leveling if there is an error in the line of sight adjustment? |
|
Definition
| The horizontal plane will be distorted into a conical plane, the error will be cancelled if the backsight and foresight are equidistant, and if the foresight is consistently longer than the backsight, the error will accumulate. |
|
|
Term
| In differential leveling, which telescope wire is used in the one-wire method? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For a comfortable stance, how far apart should the rodman's feet be spaced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What method is usually used to adjust turning point elevations for third order leveling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is trigonometric leveling used? |
|
Definition
| For lower order surveys; on uneven terrain. |
|
|
Term
| If time is the governing issues, what would be the best way to do a topographic survey? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After the initial data has been entered, data collectors will prompt the operator for: |
|
Definition
| Station and measurement entries. |
|
|
Term
| To collect and store the data after each measurement taken with a total station you must do what procedure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form do contour lines take when crossing streams? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Compared to field sketching, one advantage of office sketching is: |
|
Definition
| You do not have to carry much equipment. |
|
|
Term
| What elements constitute a reconnaissance survey? |
|
Definition
| Preparations, determining basic considerations and criteria for the project, and collecting field data. |
|
|
Term
| Why is a reconnaissance survey made? |
|
Definition
| To eliminate impractical or infeasible routes. |
|
|
Term
| What is an important phase of reconnaissance? |
|
Definition
| Topographic maps and aerial photographs. |
|
|
Term
| Upon why type of soil should roads and structures be located? |
|
Definition
| Stable, high-bearing strength, easily drained soil. |
|
|
Term
| What are the normal and maximum grades for a road? |
|
Definition
| Normal maximum grade is 10%, desirable maximum is 6%, except on sharp curves, where it's 4%. |
|
|
Term
| What is the absolute minimum radius for a horizontal curve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Upon what factors is the length of a vertical curve base? |
|
Definition
| Amount and direction of change. |
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum length of curves on summits? |
|
Definition
| 125 feet per 4 percent algebraic difference in grades. |
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum length of curves in sags? |
|
Definition
| 100 feet per 4 percent algebraic difference in grades. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most important consideration in a construction project? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a preliminary survey? |
|
Definition
| A detailed study of a route selected on the basis of a reconnaissance survey. |
|
|
Term
| What elements constitute a preliminary survey? |
|
Definition
| Running a traverse along a proposed route, establishing levels, recording topography, and plotting results. |
|
|
Term
| For what purpose is a preliminary survey used? |
|
Definition
| To determine the final location of the project. |
|
|
Term
| List the four types of horizontal curves. |
|
Definition
| Simple curve (an arc), compound curve (two simple curves joined together), reverse curve (two simple curves that curve in opposite directions), and spiral curve (a curve with a varying radius). |
|
|
Term
| Distance from the point of intersection to the point of curvature or point of tangency. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The beginning of the curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distance from the point of intersection to the midpoint of the curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Defines the "sharpness" or "flatness" of the curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The deflection angle at the point of intersection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distance from the point of curvature to the point of tangency along the curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The chord from the point of curvature to the point of tangency. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Point where the back and forward tangents intersect. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Formed by two radii from the curve to the point of curvature and the point of tangency. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distance from the midpoint to the curve to the midpoint of the long chord. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The radius of the circle of which the curve is an arc. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two methods can be used to compute the degree of curve? |
|
Definition
| Arc and chord definition. |
|
|
Term
| At what interval are centerlines staked on smooth terrain? |
|
Definition
| Far enough to guarantee uninterrupted progress. |
|
|
Term
| At what interval are centerlines staked on rough terrain or curves? |
|
Definition
| Concurrently with the centerline. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most expensive phase of road construction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is cross-section paper commonly called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two most common scales for plotting cross-sections vertically and horizontally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is defined by a cord stretched over two batter boards, and held against the alignment rail? |
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Definition
| The building line and the grade elevation. |
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Term
| What is the first step is laying out a building? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do we use batter boards? |
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Definition
| To establish grade and alignment. |
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Term
| What are the dimensions of crosspieces? |
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Definition
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Term
| What determines the grade at which batter boards are set for various areas of a building? |
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Definition
| They're all set to the same grade, or level. |
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Term
| What theorem do you use to check the diagonals of a building? |
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Definition
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Term
| What information must a sewer plan and profile show for you to stake out a sewer? |
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Definition
| The horizontal location of each line, the horizontal location and character of each appurtenance, the invert elevation of each appurtenance, and the gradient of each line. |
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Term
| At what intervals are hubs and stakes for sewer lines usually set? |
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Definition
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Term
| How far away from the sewer centerline are the hubs set? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the minimum width of a two-way road? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the absolute minimum sight distance in a non-passing area? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the absolute minimum sight distance in a passing area? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the slope has a ratio of 2.5 to 1, what is the rise if the run is 10 feet? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which does the traverse party perform? |
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Definition
| Establish points of intersection. |
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Term
| Which task does the level party perform? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of horizontal curve provides a transition from a tangent to a curve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for the sum of the interior angles of a polygon? |
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Definition
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Term
| What element of a horizontal curve defines the "sharpness" of "flatness" of the curve? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which curve formula applies only to arc definition? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the chord definition, as the degree of the curve increases, what happens to the radius? |
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Definition
| Decreases, but not proportionally. |
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Term
| Which three parts of a horizontal curve must be known before the complete curve can be computed? |
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Definition
| Point of intersection, I, and D. |
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Term
| What does the sum of the deflection angles of a horizontal curve equal? |
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Definition
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Term
| For a 100-foot chord, what does the deflection angle equal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is setting a curve by "backing in" advantageous? |
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Definition
| Errors in the center of the survey where they are less noticeable. |
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Term
| If it is impossible to stake the entire curve from the point of curvature, where else can be the instrument be set up? |
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Definition
| Point of tangency, or immediate set up. |
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Term
| When is the vertical scale on a profile plot exaggerated? |
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Definition
| When the terrain is flat. |
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Term
| Why would the proposed grade be "juggled" on a profile plot? |
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Definition
| To balance the cut and fill. |
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Term
| In cross-section leveling, how accurate are shots taken? |
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Definition
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Term
| In plotting cross-sections, where do you get the finished grade elevations? |
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Definition
| At each station from the profile. |
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Term
| What type of curve is used in vertical curves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does checking the first and second differences do in a vertical curve computation? |
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Definition
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Term
| When are alignment markers marked by flags and rods? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of construction stake indicates the point at which the grading operation intersects the existing grade? |
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Definition
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Term
| Since the rise in a slope ratio is always equal to 1, what is the value of the slope ration? |
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Definition
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Term
| Upon who does the speed and efficiency of the slope stake party depend on more than any other person? |
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Definition
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Term
| What determines the length of batter boards? |
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Definition
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Term
| With what reference are curb inlets usually staked out? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the spacing of satellites meant to provide? |
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Definition
| The visibility of five to nine satellites from any point on the earth's surface or in its atmosphere. |
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Term
| What are the possible applications for GPS technology? |
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Definition
| Virtually any task requiring the location of things on the earth's surface or in its atmosphere. |
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Term
| What are the limitations of a GPS survey system? |
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Definition
| They can't be used for subterranean surveys or surveys with extensive overhead obstructions. |
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Term
| The hand-held GPS navigation units currently in use provide what degree of accuracy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two primary methods of performing a GPS survey? |
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Definition
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Term
| When would you prefer to use static GPS surveying methods? |
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Definition
| For long-distance work, control densification projects, and where mobility limits uses of the other techniques. |
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Term
| Kinematic GPS surveying is most like what traditional surveying method? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is kinematic GPS surveying so demanding? |
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Definition
| Because you must maintain lock on the satellites at all times. |
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Term
| What are the advantages of pseudo-kinematic surveying? |
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Definition
| No initialization is required and there is no requirement for maintaining lock on the satellites. |
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Term
| What does the term differential refer to in a GPS survey? |
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Definition
| To the method of correcting for phase ambiguities. |
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Term
| The GPS system consists of: |
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Definition
| 24 satellites in 6 orbital planes. |
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Term
| What time frame is normally required for a static station? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most accurate method of GPS survey? |
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Definition
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Term
| You should revisit the stations on a kinematic survey to provide: |
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Definition
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