Term
| Adaptive/Acquired Immunity |
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Definition
| Long-term response to specific antigens |
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Term
| Antigen are typically -- and occasionally-- base. |
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Definition
| Typically protein, occasionally sugar-based |
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Term
| Antigens are -- meaning foreign/non self and cause: |
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Definition
| immunogenic- cause immune response |
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Term
| Small pieces that are recognized as antigens? |
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Definition
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Term
| Function of Adaptive immunity: |
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Definition
Antibody release: extracellular inactivation (toxins and/or microbes)
Identify and kill infected cells (intracellular pathogens)
“Memory” for next exposure |
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Term
| Why don't lipids and nucleic acids make good antigens? |
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Definition
| they dont have good recognizable shapes |
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Term
| Two parts of the adaptive immune system? |
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Definition
| 1. Humoral or antibody and 2. Cellular |
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Term
| Where are the two parts of the adaptive immune system |
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Definition
Humoral or antibody is Extracellular
Cellular is intraceullular |
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Term
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Definition
Epitopes have a specific tertiary structure.
slide 3 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| B cells have -- binding with -- |
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Definition
| Direct binding with B-cell receptor |
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Term
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Definition
Antibody producers (plasma cells)
Memory |
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Term
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Definition
Helpers
Killers (cytotoxic)
and regulators (ignored) |
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Term
| T cells have -- binding with -- |
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Definition
| Must be cell-bound with Tcell receptor |
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Term
Antibodies have # chains- which are made up of --.
They have a -- antigen binding region made --.
Another region -- is for -- |
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Definition
4 chains (2 light, 2 heavy)
variable
randomly
Constant region functionality and recognition |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Antibodies are apart of the -- immunity |
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Definition
| humoral/antibody immunity |
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Term
| Antibodies can be secreted into -- and -- |
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Definition
| Secreted into bloodstream (Ab) or cell-bound (immunoglobulin =Ig) |
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Term
| # of classes of antibodies and names: |
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Definition
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Term
Functions of Antibodies:
1. doesn't happen much, just in lab:
2. Nk bridge
3. Complement
4.
5. |
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Definition
Agglutination/precipitation (doesn’t happen much, mostly in lab)
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (NK bridge between innate +adaptive) (fc receptors ADCC)
Classical complement (bridge between innate + adaptive)
Initiated by antibody bound to the outside of the invader
Neutralize (block function)
Very important for vaccination (bonus activity)
Ab that bind to neuroaminadase- req for flu to cut free into the environment. Ab can bind to NA and block the function. Makes the flu harder to infect more cells.
Memory response can make these Ab come out the next time they’re infected.
Opsonize (phagocytosis) |
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Term
| What is the first stage of humoral immunity |
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Definition
B cells are roaming. They are naive (never exposed to antigen)
They are waiting for antigens |
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Term
| 2nd step of humoral immunity that happens randomly |
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Definition
| B cells bind with B cell receptors called IgM complex |
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Term
| 3rd step of humoral immunity: After binding- |
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Definition
matching antigen to antigenic epitope
endocytosis
clonal selection (mitosis)
Antigen presentation via MHC2 |
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Term
| What is clonal selection? |
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Definition
| mitosis increases the population of the B-cell that matched to an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| B cells differentiate into Memory or Plasma cells |
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Term
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Definition
| to bone marrow/lymph node and wait for next exposure |
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Term
| Plasma cells from B cells go- |
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Definition
| to antibody factories to have T cells help make antibodies to fight infection |
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Term
| If a cell is lacking MHC1, what happens? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| presented antigens on the MHC |
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Term
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Definition
| Major hisocompatibility complex |
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Term
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Definition
| All nucleated cells. Antigens that are made in cytoplasm by INTRAcellular pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
WBC
Usually phagocytized antigens (dendritics cells, macrophages, B cells, extracellular pathogens. |
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Term
| example of intracellular pathogen= |
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Definition
| viruses (WN, influenza) or S. typhirium, plague N. pestus (plague) |
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Term
| examples of extracellular pathogens- |
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Definition
| V. collera, O157, C. perfringens, S. pyogenes, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cytotoxic T cells (“CD8+” Tc) and the antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| T-helper cells (“CD4+” TH) and the antigen |
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Term
| Th0 can differentiate into: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cell-mediated “intracellular” immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| favors humoral/antibody “extracellular” immunity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| If its an extracellular pathogen it will prefer : -- meaning: |
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Definition
Humoral
APC/MHC II activate TH0 cells
TH0 cells → TH2 cells
TH2 cells activate B cells
Make antibodies |
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Term
| In its an intracellular pathogen what will happen? |
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Definition
APC/MHC II activate TH0 cells
TH0 cells → TH1 cells
TH1 cells activate macrophages and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells
Go get ‘em |
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