Term
Identify this reflex principle: Flexion in the bicep brachii causes flexion in the brachioradialis, brachialis. |
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Definition
| IRRIDATION. when one muscle contracts tone irradiates to facilitate all synergist muscles to contract |
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Term
Identify this reflex principle: Activation of the biceps brachii inhibits the triceps. |
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Definition
Reciprocal innervation or reciprocal inhibition. Activation of an agonist muscle inhibits the antagonist muscle. |
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Term
Identify this reflex principle: Elbow extension causes inhibition of the bicep muscles. But at the end of the range, the biceps are faciliated. |
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Definition
Successive Induction At the begining of the ROM, the antagonist is inhibited. At the end of the motion, the antagonist is facilitated. (It's my guess) This principle may inhibited abrnomal ROM. For example: your biceps will fire at the end of extension to inhibit extension beyond its normal range. |
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Term
Identify this reflex priniciple: Biceps are inhibited during elbow extension but are facilitated at the end of range.
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Definition
Successive Induction It is my guess that this occurs so the joint is not moved beyond its normal ROM. As the example shows, the facilitation of the biceps at the end of elbow extension will inhibit extension beyond what is normally allowed at the elbow joint. |
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Term
True or False? The reflex theory states that reflexes beyond typical developmental age are abnormal. How does this compare to today's views on reflex dissappearance? |
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Definition
TRUE! Reflex theory assumes that people grow out of reflexes and people who exhibit reflexes are abnormal. However, we realize now that reflexes are not lost but are masked by hire cognitive functions. (Remember the study with the stepping reflex and the babies in the water) |
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Term
| What are the limitations to the relfex theory? |
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Definition
Reflex theory does not explain: - How afferent animals move - goal oriented movement without a stimulus - fast rapid movements - anticipatory or feed forward control - a single stimulus can generate completely different types of movement. |
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Term
| What does the reflex theory not account for? |
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Definition
- reflexes in adults - conscious control of movement - variation in muscle patterns and activation - development does not occur in a linear pattern. infants can learn to reach/crawl/walk in different ways
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Term
| What is the purpose of the biomechanical rehabilitation in CVAs? |
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Definition
CVA biomechanical rehabilitation focues on: - prevention of secondary problems: - contracture
- disuse atrophy
- ppl must wait for spontaneous neurological recovery
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Term
What model of therapy does the biomechanical model promote? |
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Definition
Biomechanical theory promotes compensatory techniques. Pts. are taught one handed techniques to promote function.
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Term
| Does the hierarchial model support brain reorganization theories? |
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Definition
YES! The CNS is thought to control all movement patterns and the CNS is capable of changes with maturaton. |
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Term
| What is the main complaint of the Hierarchial Model? |
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Definition
The Hierarchial Model does not explain how it can have enough neurons for every type of muscle movement for all movements within a lifespan. |
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Term
| What are the 4 main neurodevelopmental models? |
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Definition
- Rood - Brunnstrom/NDT - Bobath - PNF
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Term
| What is the primary premise of all Neurodevelpmental theororists? |
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Definition
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Term
Abnormal tone lacks which reflex prinicple? irridation reciprocal inhibition successive induction |
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Definition
-reciprocal inhibition. Abnormal tone promotes cocontracture and fixation.
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Term
| Can abnormal tone be felt throuh soft tissue contractures? |
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Definition
| No, spasticity is masked by contractures. |
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Term
| What types of therapy can reduce spasticity? |
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Definition
- serial casting (although controversial)
- e-stim
- botox
- surgery
- rhozotomy
- baclophen
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Term
True or False reflexes precede voluntary movement after a CVA |
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Definition
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Term
True or False gross motor precedes fine motor control after a CVA |
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Definition
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Term
true or false distal control precedes proximal control |
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Definition
FALSE The theory states that proximal control precedes distal control. However we learned in lab that we can work on both proximal and distal control at the same time! |
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Term
| Does sensory stimulation influence motor recovery? |
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Definition
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Term
| At which Brunnstrom stage do patients usually stop progress? |
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Definition
| Stage III, however progress can stop at any stage |
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Term
| Does Brunnstrom assume that you can skip stages? |
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Definition
| No, Brunnstrom assumes you cannot skip stages. |
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Term
| What is Stage I of Brunnstrom |
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Definition
}Too low tone for movement |
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Term
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Definition
}Domination by primitive Reflexive tone |
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Term
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Definition
| Voluntary tone peak spasticity, synergy dominated movement patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduction in spasticity, deviates from synergy |
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Term
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Definition
}Isolated movement outside of synergy, less FROM due to weakness or contractures |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between hemiplegia and hemiparesis? |
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Definition
plegia = no movement paresis = weakness |
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Term
| What is the Ramiste phenomenon? |
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Definition
}resistance to hip adduction in sound side, elicits abduction in affected side |
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Term
| What is homolateral synkinesis? |
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Definition
| The interaction between UE and LE. (I think its like when the fingers are flexed, the toes flex) |
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Term
} What is the Symmetrical Tonic Neck reflex?
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Definition
Neck and head extension causes extension of the UE. Some sources say knee flexion, but I'm not sure. |
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Term
| Describe Asymmetrical Tonic Neck |
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Definition
| When the head is turned to the right, the right UE/LE is extended and the left UE/LE will be flexed (vice versa). a.k.a fencing |
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Term
| Describe Tonic Labyrinthine reflex |
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Definition
| Tilting head in supine causes LE extension and UE flexion. |
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Term
| Define the tonic lumbar reflex |
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Definition
| (I don't know! I'll post the answer when I find it.) |
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