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| attracted people from countryside because it offered conveniences, entertainment, and cultural experience |
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| immigrant population in chicago and NYC in 1890 |
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| 87% in chicago, 80% in new york |
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| place a high value on education |
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| slowest rate of economic advancement |
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| excluded immigrants - nativist |
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| when they provide labor and work efficiently |
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| when they begin to increase in number and take over jobs |
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| wrote, How the Other Half Lives - concerned with tenement life - favored getting rid of slum dewllings with out replacing the housing |
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| wrote Sister Carrie - about the plight of single women who moved to the city and didn't have support - wrote An American Tragedy |
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| machine politics - andrew carnegie - william tweed was the boss |
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| being rewarded with jobs in the city government or in such city agencies as the police, with jobs building or operating the transit systems, and with opportunities to rise in the political organization itself |
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| large market for mail-order goods by giving out a huge catalog every year |
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| canadian working as an athletic director for a local college |
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| heavy-weight champion of the world in 1882 |
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| creator of musical comedies |
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| most famous minstrel singer |
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| silent epics - carried motion pictures into new era |
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| wrote huck finn and tom sawyer |
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| wrote red badge of courage |
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| paintings of new england maritime like and other native subjects |
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| one of first western artists to appreciate japanese color prints and he introduced oriental concepts |
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| human species had evolved from earlier forms of life through natural selection |
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| frederick jackson turner and charles beard |
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| argued that economic factors had beent he governing force rather that spiritual ideas |
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| leww emphasis on the learning of traditional knowledge, more emphasis on a flexible, democratic approach to schooling |
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| public high schools in US in 1860 and 1914 |
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| 100 in 1860, 12000 in 1914 |
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| benefited colleges and universities |
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| rep. and dem. states at the end of reconstruction |
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| voter percent in 1860 and 1900 |
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| nativist and anti-alcohol |
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| darkhouse president in 1880 and VP |
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| assassinated because of victimization by the spoils system |
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| identified a limited number of federal jobs to be filled by competitive written exams rather than patronage |
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| used most against business combinations and labor unions |
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| banned discrimination in rates between long and short hauls |
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| supreme court ruled one of the G ranger laws in illinois unconstitutional |
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| movement of social and self helo association due to the isolation of rural life |
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| increased grange membership |
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| allowed hatred of middleman by farmers |
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| cooperative political action |
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| used by farmers against railroad, bank, and warehouse monopolies |
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| montgomery ward and company |
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| mail order business established to meet the needs of the grangers |
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| lambasted concentration of power in great corporations and financial institutions and promoted cooperations |
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| women in the farmers alliance |
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| prominant role - voting, offices, lectures |
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| a party platform for a 3rd party |
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| people's party formed here |
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| electoral votes for weaver in 1892 |
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| govenment warehouses, low rate interests, abolition of national banks, government ownership of railroads, telephones, and telegraphs, system of government operated postal savings bank, graduated income tax, and the inflation of the currency |
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| reading railroad and national cordage company |
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| money became tight and brought everything down with it |
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| demanded the creation of jobs for the unemployed and inflation of currency in 1894 |
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| ratio of silver to gold in 1870 |
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| wanted by silver mine owners and farmers |
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| supported by populist party |
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| wanted to help women, children, industrial workers, and immigrants and to african americans somewhat - didnt want social darwinism |
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| named by t. roosevelt - exposed scandal, corruption, and injustice |
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| wrote about the standard oil trust |
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| wrote The Shame of Cities where he exposed the corruption of the machine government and boss rule |
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| carried work of social gospel |
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| founded by jane addams - worked closely with the university of chicago |
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| american medical association |
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| leading professions for women |
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| physicians, lawyers, engineers, scientists, and corporate managers |
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| 1 out of 21 marriages were in 1880, 1 out of 9 were in 1916 |
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| afforded women space for themselves without openly challenging the male-dominant order |
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| most celebrated state level reformer |
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| more expanisve views than booker t washington |
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