Term
| What is the term used to describe an infection that was acquired in a hospital setting? |
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Definition
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Term
| In today's hospital setting in the United States, what is the percentage of staphylococcus aureus infections are resistant to antibiotics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does "MRSA" stand for? |
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Definition
| methycillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus |
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Term
| MRSA infects nearly __________ annually in the USA, and kills more than __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the percentage of MRSA infections that are linked to health care facilities? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many lines are in the ICU each year? After 10 days, what percentage get infected? Of that percentage, what percentage are fatal? What percentage lead to serious complications? |
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Definition
5 million
4% (80,000) of lines get infected
5-28% are fatal
About 1/2 lead to serious complications |
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Term
| What is the best defense controlling the spread of infection? |
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Definition
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Term
| When should you wash your hands? |
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Definition
1. When arriving to work
2. Before and after each patient contact (sometimes during)
3. Before and after wearing gloves
4. Before feeding a patient
5. After eating
6. After blowing nose, touching hair and face
7. After using the restroom
8. After cleanup
9. After smoking
10. When ever hands are visibly soiled |
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Term
| What is the recommended procedure to handwashing? |
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Definition
| Using luke-warm water, wash hands up to 3 inches above wrist for 15-20 seconds using pleanty of soap and friction. |
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Term
| What does "PPE" stand for? |
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Definition
| Personal Protective Equipment |
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Term
| Give 5 examples of the type of PPE you will see in the hospital setting? |
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Definition
1. Gloves
2. Mask/respirator
3. Gown/apron
4. Googles
5. Faceshield |
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Term
| What is the term used to describe any item that can cut or puncture your skin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the proper procedure to dispose of needles? |
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Definition
| Be conscientious of where the tip is at all times. Never recap used needles. Dispose directly into a designated sharps container. |
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Term
| Define "Standard Precautions" |
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Definition
| Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), secretions, excretions (except sweat), and mucous membranes. These measures are to be used when providing care to all individuals, whether or not they appear infectious or symptomatic. |
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Term
| Name 9 substances that can transmit disease |
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Definition
1. Blood
2. Urine
3. Feces
4. Semen
5. Vaginal secretions
6. Breast milk
7. Saliva
8. Spinal fluid
9. Joint fluid |
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Term
| When should you wear gloves? |
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Definition
| When it can be reasonalbly anticipated that contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials. (Side note: Just wear them anytime you are with a patient!) |
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Term
| According to the CDC, what is the preferred sequence when donning PPE? |
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Definition
1. Gown
2. Mask or respirator
3. Goggles or faceshield
4. Gloves |
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Term
| According to the CDC, what is the preferred sequence to safely remove PPE? |
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Definition
1. Gloves
2. Faceshiel or goggles
3. Gown
4. Mask or respirator |
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Term
| What are the elements of respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette? |
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Definition
| Covering the nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing or use the crook of the elbow to contain repiratory droplets. Disposing of contaminated tissue appropriately and performing immediate hand hygiene. |
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Term
| What are some extra measures that can be taken to help contain respiratory secretions? |
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Definition
| Provide a surgical mask for patients and space seating in the waiting room. |
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Term
| What does "VRE" stand for? |
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Definition
| Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus |
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Term
| What does "MDR TB" stand for? |
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Definition
| multi-drug resistant tuberculosis |
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Term
| Name 4 blood-borne pathogens |
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Definition
1. HIV
2. AIDS
3. Hepatitis B
4. Hepatitis C |
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Term
| What does "HIV" stand for? |
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Definition
| Human immunodeficiency virus |
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Term
| What does "AIDS" stand for? |
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Definition
| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
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Term
| Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis B? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis C? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the means of transmission? Remember DAVID |
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Definition
1. Direct (person to person)
2. Airborne
3. Vector (host to host, ie ticks or mosquitos)
4. Indirect (person to object to person)
5. Droplets |
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Term
| Name 4 bodily fluids in which HIV can be transmitted? |
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Definition
1. Blood
2. Semen
3. Vaginal secretions
4. Breast milk |
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Term
| What are the 3 most common ways HIV/AIDS is transmitted? |
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Definition
1. Sexual contact
2. IV drug use needle sharing
3. Pregnancy/childbirth (can be prevented) |
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Term
| How many Healthcare workers a year get stuck by needles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is easier to transmit and why? HIV or Hepatitis B? |
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Definition
| Hepatitis B because it is 100 times more concentrated in the blood. |
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Term
| What type of infection is Hepatitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does "C. diff" stand for? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Intestinal bacterium, usually in the elderly. Releases toxins causing flu-like symptoms and severe diarhhea. Healthcare providers must utilize full-contact precautions. |
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Starts gradually |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Slight temperature after 24 hours |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Normal appetite |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Slight headache |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Stuffy nose |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Sore throat |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Tired |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Starts rapidly |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Increase in temperature within 24 hours |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Loss of appetite |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Severe headache |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Muscular ache and pains |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Nausea and vomiting |
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Definition
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Term
Flu or Cold symptom?
Exhausted |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of Antibiotics should you take for a flu or cold? |
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Definition
| NONE! Flu and colds are viral infections; therefore antibiotics are not necessary. |
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Term
| What does "Code Blue" signify and what should your response be? |
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Definition
| Life-threatening event such as cardiac arrest. Stay out of the way unless you are on the Code Team. |
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Term
| What is your responsibilty as a Healthcare worker when it comes to Code Blue? |
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Definition
| Know where call buttons and/or code numbers. |
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Term
| What does "Code Red" signify and what should your response be? |
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Definition
Fire; Remember RACE:
R-escue patients;get people out of harms way.
A-lert by pulling fire alarm, phoning operator.
C-lose doors and windows to C-ontain fire.
E-xtinguish if possible. When extinguishing, remember PASS:
P-ull pin.
A-im low at the base of fire.
S-queeze handle.
S-weep from side to side. |
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Term
| What should you not do during a Code Red? |
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Definition
| Don't use elevators or phones |
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Term
| What should you do first when working with a patient? |
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Definition
| Ensure you have the correct patient by checking name band and check chart to ensure you are performing the correct procedure. |
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Term
| How should you be as a Healthcare Provider towards a patient? |
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Definition
| Be friendly and courteous. Don't be overly familiar; it's best to be formal. Be calm and use low-voiced competence. |
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Term
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Definition
The first link in the chain of infection is the pathogen. A pathogen is anything that causes a disease. Pathogens include:
Bacterium A group of microscopic organisms that are capable of reproducing on their own, causing human disease by direct invasion of body tissues. Bacteria often produce toxins that poison the cells they have invaded. Numerous bacteria also live in harmony with the body and are necessary for human existence, such as bacteria that aid in digestion in the gut. Important bacterial diseases include "strep" tonsillitis, pneumonia, and meningitis. (example: bacterial meningitis or strep throat)
Virus A term for a group of microbes that are incapable of reproducing on their own, and must invade a host cell in order to use its genetic machinery for reproduction. Viruses are smaller than bacteria, and are responsible for the most common human diseases, the common cold and the "flu" (influenza). Viruses are also responsible for more serious diseases such as AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. (example: hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C)
Fungus (example: athlete’s foot) |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything that passes through the skin. (Tubing, Foley, bolt, catheter, ect) |
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Term
| What do you do if you get stuck by a needle? |
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Definition
| Immediately milk the wound as much as possible and wash hands using antibacterial soap vigerously for 3-5 minutes. Report the incident immediately to your supervisor. |
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Term
| What are two components of Standard Precautions? |
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Definition
1. Universal Precautions
2. Body Substance Isolation |
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Term
| Which important diseases transmitted by blood-to-blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name some ways people do NOT contract HIV/AIDS |
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Definition
Food, air, causual contact, kissing.
Unlikely, sweat, tears, vomit, feces, urine, mosquitoes or fleas |
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Term
| How do you always leave the patient's bed when you're through? |
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Definition
Bed all the way down, brakes engaged, and rails up.
(Just so you guys know, it is not allowed to put all the rails up on a patient unless there is a doctor's order to do so. It is considered a restraint and that is a violation of patient's rights.) |
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Term
| What is a Posey? What should you do when you are completed with your procedure? |
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Definition
| A bed restraint. Inform the RN that you completed so they can tie the Posey down. |
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Term
| What are some portals of entry for pathogens? |
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Definition
1. Sharps
2. Openings in skin (nonintact)
3. Mucous membranes (mouth, nose, eyes)
4. Surfaces |
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Term
| What are the components of the Chain of Infection |
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Definition
1. Infectous Agents
2. Hosts
3. Portals of entry
4. Modes of transmission
5. Portals of exit
6. Resevoirs (Susceptible person) |
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Term
| What are some methods of control in order to help break the Chain of Infection? |
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Definition
1. Kill the agent
2. Change the host/environment
3. Protect the portal of entrance
4. Remove means of transmission
5. Immunize susceptible person |
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Term
| What should you do as a Healthcare Professional do if any PPE is compromised? |
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Definition
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