Term
| How many premolars are there in the permanent dentition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the buccal and lingual height of contour for the permanent posterior teeth? |
|
Definition
buccal- cervical 3rd
lingual- middle 1/3 |
|
|
Term
| What is the cusp # range for permanent posterior teeth? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Is the CEJ of posterior teeth more or less pronounced than the anteriors? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What structure is found on both anterior and posterior permanent teeth? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What structures define the occlusal plane? How many are there? |
|
Definition
marginal ridges (4)
mesial
distal
buccal
lingual |
|
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Term
| what is another term for the occlusal plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occlusal surface structures are only found on posterior teeth? (4) |
|
Definition
cusp ridges
triangular ridges
transverse ridges
oblique ridges |
|
|
Term
| How many triangular cusp ridges form a cusp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many cusp ridges form a cusp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes up a transverse ridge? |
|
Definition
| 2 triangular ridges crossing the occlusal plane (sides touch) |
|
|
Term
| What makes up a oblique ridge? |
|
Definition
| 2 triangular ridges crossing the occlusal plane from (corners touch) |
|
|
Term
| What tooth are oblique ridges unique to? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a shallow wide depression running down the center of the occlusal surface? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a V shaped linear depression running down the center of the occlusal surface? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most prominent developmental groove in posterior teeth? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What direction does the central groove travel? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What structure separates the occlusal table of posterior teeth buccal-lingually? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What groove crosses the marginal ridges of posterior teeth? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What structure acts as a spillway for food on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called where 2 or more grooves come together? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| occlusal pits are located in the deepest portion of which occlusal structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a clinical consideration for the posterior teeth? |
|
Definition
| sealants for pits and grooves to prevent decay |
|
|
Term
| What permanent teeth replace the primary 1st molars |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What permanent teeth replace the primary 2nd molars |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another name for premolars |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What 4 structures define the occlusal table of a permanent premolar? |
|
Definition
distal marginal ridge
mesial marginal ridge
buccal cusp ridge
lingual cusp ridge |
|
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Term
| what 3 structures do all premolars have on their occlusal surfaces? |
|
Definition
1. marginal ridges
2. cusp ridges/triangular ridges/transverse ridges
3. developmental grooves/occlusal pits |
|
|
Term
| What are the mastication functions of the premolars? |
|
Definition
1. grinding (assist molars--> occlusal surface)
2. tearing (assist canines--> cusps) |
|
|
Term
| What is an ortho consideration for the 1st premolars? |
|
Definition
| used to be extracted to improve arch space |
|
|
Term
| What was it called when the 1st premolars were removed? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What was an issue with removing the 1st premolars for increased arch space? |
|
Definition
| caused narrowing of the jaw arch |
|
|
Term
| what is the common practice today to improve arch space? |
|
Definition
expansion (stimulates bone growth)
done on max/mand at the same time to maintain occlusion |
|
|
Term
| Why is instrumentation difficult on the premolars? |
|
Definition
| deep mesial root concavity (specific to 1st premolar) |
|
|
Term
| is the Max first or second premolar larger |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| is the mand first or second premolar larger |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the location of the crown compared to the root for the maxillary premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the location of the crown compared to the root for the mandibular premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the buccal or lingual cusp larger (width) for the maxillary premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the buccal or lingual cusp large (width) for the mandibular premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many cusps do the maxillary premolars have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many cusps do the mandibular premolars have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which premolar is known to sometimes have 3 cusps? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a clinical consideration for the maxillary premolars? |
|
Definition
| pulpitis mistakenly diagnosed due to sinusitis |
|
|
Term
| What causes mistaken pulpitis diagnosis for the maxillary premolars? |
|
Definition
| roots of premolars can penetrate anterior portion of maxillary sinus (injury or extraction)--> sinus infection feels like tooth pain |
|
|
Term
| How can you confirm if a patient has pulpitis or sinusitis? |
|
Definition
x-rays
pulp testing (pulp vitality tester- DDS) |
|
|
Term
| What are the tooth numbers for the maxillary fist premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do the maxillary first premolars erupt? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is usually the first premolar to erupt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What primary teeth do the permanent maxillary first premolars replace? |
|
Definition
primary max 1st molars
B and I |
|
|
Term
| Is the central groove of 1st or 2nd maxillary premolar longer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the premolars commonly has 2 roots? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the maxillary 1st premolar has root bifurcation, what portion of the root does it typically occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the portion of the max 1st premolars root that ISN'T bifurcated (located at the cervical 3rd of the root) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the maxillary first premolar have a prominent D or M root concavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What portion of the root would you find the root concavity for the max 1st premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How pulp horns/pulp canals does the max 1st premolar have? |
|
Definition
| 2 pulp horns / 2 pulp canals (1 for each root) |
|
|
Term
| which premolar has the widest crown M--> D? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the B or L of the maxillary first premolar wider? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What horizontal structures are found on the buccal surface of max 1st premolars? |
|
Definition
| imbrication lines and perikymata |
|
|
Term
| is the M or D CEJ deeper for the max 1st premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the M or D buccal cusp slope longer for the max 1st premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the only tooth in the permanent dentition that has a longer Mesial cusp slope? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the lingual or buccal cusp shorter for the max first premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the M or D lingual cusp slope longer for the the max 1st premolar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is significant about the Mesial of the max 1st premolar? |
|
Definition
| mesial marginal groove crosses the mesial marginal ridge- distinguishes L from R |
|
|
Term
| what structure on the mesial of the max 1st premolar forms a long deep depression that extends from the crown to the root trunk? |
|
Definition
| mesial developmental depression |
|
|
Term
| What tooth numbers are the max 2nd premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do the max 2nd premolars erupt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What primary tooth does the permanent max 2nd premolar replace? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots does the max 2nd premolar typically have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many pulp horns/ pulp canals do the max 2nd premolars have |
|
Definition
| 2 pulp horns / 1 pulp canal |
|
|
Term
| Is the buccal cusp of the max 2nd premolar sharper or less sharp than the max 1st? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the lingual or buccal cusp of the max 2nd premolar longer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the only good way to tell the L from R for the max 2nd premolar? |
|
Definition
| Lingual cusp offset to the mesial |
|
|
Term
| What general occlusal shape do the maxillary premolars have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the max 2nd premolar have a mesial depression or marginal groove? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is the occlusal view of the max 2nd premolar more or less round than the 1st? |
|
Definition
| more round (more like molar) |
|
|
Term
| How many pits does the occlusal table of the max 2nd premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure runs between the M & D occlusal pits for the max 2nd premolar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If your premolar has 2 roots, what tooth are you looking at? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If your premolar has 1 root but the IP view shows cusps with equal height, what tooth do you have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can you see more of the occlusal table from the M or D for posterior teeth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is usually the last premolar to erupt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the mandibular 1st or 2nd premolar smaller? |
|
Definition
| mand 1st premolar smaller |
|
|
Term
| Is the lingual cusp of the mand premolars equal to the buccal or smaller? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When viewed from the IP, which way are the mandibular premolars inclined? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the shape is the occlusal outline for the mand premolars? |
|
Definition
| round (equal B-L and M-D width) |
|
|
Term
| How many roots do the mandibular premolars have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are the mand premolar roots narrower on the L or B? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a clinical consideration for the mand premolars? what are two impacts of this trait? |
|
Definition
narrow lingual surface with lingual inclination (difficult to roll instrument to adapt)
1. hard to instrument
2. difficult for patients to clean |
|
|
Term
| What are the tooth numbers for the mandibular 1st premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do the mandibular 1st premolars erupt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What primary tooth does the permanent mandibular 1st premolar replace? (letters) |
|
Definition
| primary mandibular 1st molar (L & S) |
|
|
Term
| Are the B and L cusps of the mandibular 1st premolar equal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure of anterior teeth does the lingual cusp of the mand 1st premolar resemble? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are two traits of the mand 1st premolar buccal cusp? |
|
Definition
1. long and sharp
2. only functional cusp |
|
|
Term
| Which tooth has the smallest lingual cusp of all premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is the lingual cusp of the mand 1st premolar functional? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the buccal cusp of the mand 1st premolar centered or lingually inclined over the root axis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The occlusal surface of the mand 1st premolar slopes sharply in which direction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many pulp horns and pulp canals does the mand 1st premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the M or D cusp slope of the mand 1st premolar longer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lingual cusp line and buccal triangular ridge of the mand 1st premolar make up what structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which premolar is most likely to have a mesial lingual groove? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which premolars have grooves that cross their mesial marginal ridges? |
|
Definition
| max and mand 1st premolars |
|
|
Term
| which 3rd of the tooth is the lingual ridge of the mand 1st premolar located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is the central groove of the mand 1st premolar long or short? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many occlusal pits does the mand 1st premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What groove on the mand 1st premolar ends in the mesial occlusal pit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called when the M & D occlusal pits of the mand 1st premolar are filled? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the tooth numbers for the mand 2nd premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do the mand 2nd premolars erupt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the last premolars to erupt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What teeth do the permanent mand 2nd premolars replace? |
|
Definition
| primary 2nd molars (K & T) |
|
|
Term
| How many cusps does the mand 2nd premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cusp form is most common for the mand 2nd premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the groove pattern for the tricuspid mand 2nd premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the mesial or distal lingual cusp longer for the mand 2nd premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the groove patterns for the bicuspid form of the mand 2nd premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots do the mand 2nd premolars have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many pulp horns and pulp canals do the mand 2nd premolars have? (list for both tri and bi cuspid forms) |
|
Definition
bicuspid- 2 horns / 1 pulp canal
tricuspid- 3 horns / 1 pulp canal |
|
|
Term
| Is the buccal cusp of the mand 2nd premolar taller/shorter and more or less sharp than the 1st premolar? |
|
Definition
| shorter and less sharp than mand 1st premolar |
|
|
Term
| In general, are the buccal cusps of 2nd premolars more or less sharp than the 1st premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the tricuspid form for the mand 2nd premolar, what structure is found between the ML and DL cusps? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the bicuspid form of the mand 2nd premolar have a lingual groove? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why can you see more of the occlusal table from the distal view for the mand 2nd premolar? |
|
Definition
| distal marginal ridge more cervically located |
|
|
Term
| Which tooth has the greatest variation in occlusal anatomy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which premolar has e prune-like appearance |
|
Definition
| tricuspid form for mand 2nd premolar |
|
|
Term
| What are two clinical consideration for the mand 2nd premolars? |
|
Definition
1. mesial drift
2. space maintainers |
|
|
Term
| What is a developmental disturbance for the mand 2nd premolar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why are the pit and groove patterns for posterior teeth more susceptible to caries? |
|
Definition
1. increased biofilm retention
2. weakness of enamel forming the walls of the pits and grooves |
|
|
Term
| How should the pits and grooves of posterior teeth be checked for decay? |
|
Definition
1. with mirror and explorer
2. laser fluorescence |
|
|
Term
| What steps can be taken to reduce the risk of caries in the pits and fissures of posterior teeth? |
|
Definition
| apply enamel sealants as soon as teeth erupt |
|
|
Term
| A tooth that is unerupted or partially erupted due to its position against another tooth, bone, or soft tissue making eruption unlikely is known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a primary max 2nd molar is lost prematurely, the permanent 1st molar may drift mesially and prevent the permanent second premolar from erupting. The mesial drift of the 1st molar has closed what eruption space for the premolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can malocclusion caused my mesial drift be prevented? |
|
Definition
| evaluation and orthodontic intervention during the mixed dentition period |
|
|
Term
| What 3 conditions make instrumentation difficult for the mandibular premolars |
|
Definition
1. narrow lingual surface
2. lingual inclination of the crown
3. nearby tongue |
|
|
Term
| The lingual crown inclination of the mandibular premolars causes patients what OH issue? |
|
Definition
| miss the associated lingual gingiva tissue and clean only the occlusal surface |
|
|
Term
| Snake eyes restorations on the mand 1st premolars are what class of restoration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anodontia is a failure of tooth germ to form during what phase of development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if permanent premolars don't develop, primary molars can remain fused to the bone. What is the term for this fusion to the bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is it hard to maintain primary teeth in an permanent dentition? |
|
Definition
| larger dentin with smaller enamel covering = more prone to caries |
|
|
Term
| Why is it so important to maintain primary teeth retained as the result of anodontia? |
|
Definition
| They act as space savers to prevent mesial drift |
|
|
Term
| If a primary tooth is lost and there is no succedaneous replacement, what are the restorative options for your patient? |
|
Definition
partial bridge
flipper
impant |
|
|
Term
| which premolar has the smallest lingual cusp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F- the maxillary 1st premolar is wider bucally than lingually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F- the mandibular 2t premolar has cusps of equal length |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which premolar is most likely to have a mesiolingual groove |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which tooth has a wide, deep mesial root concavity that is difficult to instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
