Term
| What are some uses for air? (8 total options) |
|
Definition
1. more accurate exam
2. To see supra calculus
3. deflect gingival margins
4. check for demineralization
5. check conditions of restorations
6. check for sealants
7. better gingival description
8. caries detection |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 procedures you should use air to dry teeth/tissue before completing? |
|
Definition
1. dry surface for application of sealants
2. dry surface for application of fluoride
3. Before topical anesthetic
4. before impressions |
|
|
Term
| What are 5 precautions of using air? |
|
Definition
1. check for sensitivity before using
2. air can force bacteria into tissue
3. can startle the patient
4. can contaminate the operator
5. can overdry tissue |
|
|
Term
| What are the uses of an explorer? (8) |
|
Definition
1. tactile feeling of tooth
2. examine for calculus
3. check for caries and restorations
4. feel demineralization
5. guidance for for scaling and root planing
6. check for overhanging restorations
7. check for pits and fissures for sealant placement
8. helps with instrument selection |
|
|
Term
| What part of the tooth should the terminal shank of your explorer line up with? |
|
Definition
| interproximal in the mesial of the first molar |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for the very end of the explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term for the last 1-3mm of the explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 uses of a Shepherd's Hook explorer? |
|
Definition
pit and fissure detection for sealants
margins of restorations
caries detection |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 things you should NOT use a Shepherd's Hook for? |
|
Definition
deep sub gingival pockets
Interproximals |
|
|
Term
| What does demineralization look like and where is it usually found? |
|
Definition
pin spots or white line
usually found at gingival margin |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 strokes used for exploring? |
|
Definition
vertical oblique
horizontal |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 uses of the Pigtail (3CH) probe? |
|
Definition
shallow pocket calculus detection (<3mm)
detection in children
caries detection
checking margins of restorations |
|
|
Term
| What is NOT a good use of the 3CH (Pigtail) explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary use of the Straight (Orban feeler) explorer? |
|
Definition
| removal of tissue tags after soft tissue curettage |
|
|
Term
| What would a dentist use the Straight (Orban feeler) for? |
|
Definition
caries detection in pits and fissures (sealants)
evaluation of restoration margins |
|
|
Term
| What is NOT a good use of the straight (Orban feeler) explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which explorer is required for the CA state boards? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What version of the 11/12 explorer do we use in clinic? |
|
Definition
| extended shank (EXD)- 3.mm longer in the terminal shank |
|
|
Term
| What are two benefits of the 11/12 explorer? |
|
Definition
can be used for detection in deeper IP pockets (4-6mm)
very tactile in feeling |
|
|
Term
| What is NOT a use for the 11/12 explorer and why? |
|
Definition
| caries detection. Will dull the point |
|
|
Term
| What is the 3A-2F (orban feeler) used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When using the 3A-2F, what other instrument method do you mimic by putting the tip into the pocket instead of using the side of the instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does it mean when you hear a quiet sound with your explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does it mean when you hear a scratchy sound with your explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does it mean when you hear a squeaky sound with your explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does it mean with you hear clicks with your explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does it mean when you hear NO sound with your explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When you insert your explorer into the D line angle, the back of your explorer should hit what gingival structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How far across the IP surface should you extend the explorer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what position should you explore the maxillary anteriors (F & L) from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where should you check the correct working end when working at 12:00 |
|
Definition
| mesial of the 1st molar on the LEFT side for the arch you are working (max or mand) |
|
|
Term
| For 6-8 buccal, which side of the teeth should you explore first? which second? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For 9-11 buccal, which side of the teeth should you explore first? which second? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For the max anteriors, which tooth should you start with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the order for exploring mandibular anteriors? |
|
Definition
9- facial surfaces toward
12- facial surfaces away
12- lingual surfaces away
9- lingual surfaces towards |
|
|
Term
| where would you use a horizontal stroke? |
|
Definition
| -anterior facial and lingual (especially with recession) -posteriors over the line angles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3CH / Pigtail explorer
(cowhorn explorer) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
straight explorer
(orban feeler)
#6 & 6A |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Shepherd's hook explorer
#23 and 54 |
|
|
Term
| What are two classes of assessment instruments? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the working end of an explorer flexible or rigid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where should the clinician's hands rest on an explorer? |
|
Definition
| instrument shank and handle |
|
|
Term
| What shape are explorers in cross-section? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long is the working end of explorers and what is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the explorer tip is applied to the tooth surface? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the point of the explorer used to detect dental calculus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a explorer with a 90 degree bend in the tip ideal for? |
|
Definition
| subgingival instrumentation |
|
|
Term
| What is the section of the instrument nearest to the explorer tip? |
|
Definition
| lower shank/ terminal shank |
|
|
Term
| The terminal shank should be parallel to what during instrumentation? |
|
Definition
| parallel to tooth surface being instrumented |
|
|
Term
| Is the Shepherd hook explorer a sub or supra gingival instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the straight explorer a sub or supra gingival instrument? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name for the stroke used to detect calculus deposits or other tooth surface irregularities? |
|
Definition
| assessment stroke/ exploratory stroke |
|
|
Term
| What is the ability to detect tooth irregularities by feeling vibrations transferred from the explorer tip to the handle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What instrument is used for calculus detection DURING calculus removal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What instrument is used for final assessment of calculus removal AFTER scaling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What finger should rest on the shank of the explorer for optimal tactile sensitivity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ideal length of assessment strokes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are the two most common places new clinicians fail to detect calculus |
|
Definition
1. Distofacial and distolingual line angles of posterior teeth
2. midline of facial and lingual surfaces of anterior teeth |
|
|
Term
| What is usually the cause of undetected calculus at the line angles and mesial surface of anteriors? |
|
Definition
| not overlapping assessment strokes |
|
|
Term
| What stroke is used to check for calculus on line angles of posteriors and mesial surfaces of anteriors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most common positioning error when working on the maxillary posteriors |
|
Definition
| failing to maintain neutral wrist position |
|
|
Term
| What causes a failure to maintain neutral wrist position for the maxillary posteriors? |
|
Definition
1. wrong clock position
2. failing to adjust instrument grasp |
|
|
Term
| What is another term for calculus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calculus is plaque retentive, what does this mean? |
|
Definition
| outer surface of calculus is covered with a layer of dental plaque biofilm |
|
|
Term
| What is calculus found coronal to the gingival margin? |
|
Definition
| supragingival calculus deposits |
|
|
Term
| What color is supragingival calculus when dried? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is supragingival calculus hard to see when wet? |
|
Definition
| wet surface reflects light |
|
|
Term
| What is calculus found beneath the gingival margin called (in gingival sulcus or perio pocket)? |
|
Definition
| subgingival calculus deposit |
|
|
Term
| What shape is most subgingival calculus? |
|
Definition
| flat (due to pressure from gingiva) |
|
|
Term
| What are tiny remnants of calculus located on the surface of the root? |
|
Definition
| residual calculus deposits |
|
|
Term
| Where is subgingival calculus typically heavier? why? |
|
Definition
| heaver at the CEJ because it's been forming longer |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for isolated, minute particles or specks of calculus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is spicule calculus usually found? (3) |
|
Definition
under contact areas
at line angles
at the midline of the tooth |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for larger spicule-type formations with a crust or spiny surface? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a long ridge of calculus running parallel to the gingival margin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is ledge calculus found? |
|
Definition
| common on all tooth surfaces |
|
|
Term
| what is a ridge of calculus that runs parallel to the gingival margin and encircles the tooth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a thin, smooth coating of calculus with a "shield-like" shape located on a portion of the root surface? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a long, narrow deposit of calculus running parallel or oblique to the long axis of the root. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some common exploring technique errors that would result in undetected deposits with no particular pattern? (5) |
|
Definition
1. inappropriate explorer for the task
2. death grip
3. middle finger not on shank
4. middle finger applying too much pressure on shank
5. strokes too far apart |
|
|
Term
| What are some common technique errors that would result in missed calculus at the midlines or line angles of posteriors? |
|
Definition
1. strokes not overlapped
2. failure to maintain adaptation to surface
3. not using horizontal strokes in these areas. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of unidentified supragingival calculus? |
|
Definition
| failure to use compressed air for visualization |
|
|
Term
| What is a decayed area on the tooth crown or root? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What color is subgingival calculus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are common colors for enamel caries? |
|
Definition
| chalky-white, gray, brown, black |
|
|
Term
| Root caries are common in which patients? |
|
Definition
| older adults and perio patients |
|
|
Term
| What technique used to be used for caries identification and why isn't it used anymore? |
|
Definition
| insertion of explorer tip into carious pit or fissures. May cause additional damage and prevent remineralization attempts. |
|
|
Term
| What type of lesion do carious lesions start out as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can early lesions be reversed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some current non-invasive caries detection aids? |
|
Definition
radiographs
visual detection
laser fluorescence
light-induced fluorescence
electrical caries measurements
subtraction radiography |
|
|
Term
| what does ICDAS stand for? |
|
Definition
| international caries detection and assessment system |
|
|
Term
| what is the numeric range for the coronal ICDAS scale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the numeric range for the root ICDAS scale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many ICDAS codes are assigned per root? |
|
Definition
| 4- one for each surface (M, D, L, F) |
|
|
Term
| What ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with no change in appearance after 5 seconds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with underlying shadow from dentin or a lesion that appears as a shadow of discolored dentin visible through an apparent intact enamel surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with an extensive distinct cavity w/ visible dentin, obvious loss of tooth structure, and involves at least half of the tooth structure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with the first visual changes in the enamel seen only after extensive drying and usually found in pit or fissures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with localized enamel breakdown without clinical visual signs of dentin involvement. Has visible loss of tooth structure after drying |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with a distinct cavity and visible dentin and evidence of deminteralization after drying (white, brown, dark brown walls) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ICDAS code would be assigned to a crown with visual changes in enamel (white spot or brown carious discoloration when the tooth is wet that is wider than the natural fissure/fossa that is not consistent with the clinical appearance of sound enamel) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ICDAS code for a root that cannot be visualized directly because it is covered by gingiva or calculus deposits? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ICDAS code for a root that has a clearly demarcated area the root surface or CEJ that is discolored but has no loss of anatomical contour |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ICDAS code for a root that has a clearly demarcated area on the root surface or at the CEJ that is discolored and there IS loss of anatomical contour |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ICDAS code for a root that has no unusual discoloration or surface defect and has no loss of surface continuity that is not consistent with the caries process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are common causes of increase in tooth elevation? (4) |
|
Definition
1. calculus
2. thick stain (pipe)
3. restorations
4. enamel pearl (anomalies/projections) |
|
|
Term
| What are common causes of depression in the tooth elevation? (5) |
|
Definition
1. groove
2. demineralization
3. caries
4. erosion
5. restorations |
|
|
Term
| What should you use to confirm a visual and tactile finding of possible caries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would you chart supragingival calculus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how would you chart subgingival calculus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
