Term
| What are the four main types of tissues? |
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Definition
| epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, nerve |
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Term
| Where is epithelium found? |
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Definition
| lines tubes and covers surfaces |
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Term
| What are the three surfaces of epithelium? |
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Definition
| apical (free or faces fluid), lateral, and basal surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| transformation of one type of epithelium to another due to abnormal conditions |
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Term
| What are the functions of epithelium? |
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Definition
| protection, secretion, selective absorption, selective ion transport, sensory perception, movement of substances across apical surface |
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Term
| Classification of epithelium based on shape |
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Definition
Thin - Squamous
Square - Cuboidal
Rectangular - Columnar |
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Term
| Classification of epithelium based on layers of cells |
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Definition
One layer - Simple
More than one layer - stratified
Some but not all layer reach apical surface but all touch basal membrane - Pseudostratified |
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Term
| What does keratinized mean? |
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Definition
| Containing dead cells (think outer layer of skin) |
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Term
| How do you tell if epithelium is transitional? |
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Definition
| Cobblestone appearance on apical surface |
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Term
| Primary barrier for movement of fluid from surface of epithelium to the connective tissue below? |
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Definition
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Term
| Desomosome and gap junction appear as a "spot" junction or a "band" junction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Zonula occludens transmembrane proteins |
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Definition
| Occludin, claudins, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM), and tricellulin |
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Term
| Where is tricellulin present? |
|
Definition
| in regions where 3 cells join |
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Term
| What is another word for zonula occludens |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is significant concerning zonula occludens and disease? |
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Definition
| Zonula occludens is a common target for pathogens and toxins, which increases epithelial permeability |
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Term
| The intermediate filament keratin is associated with what? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| connexons are found in what? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Integrins are associated with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the zonula adherens important for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is another name for zonula adherens? |
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Definition
| belt desmosome (because it goes all the way around the cell) |
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Term
| Where are E-cadherins found? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What bind catenins in the zonula adherins? |
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Definition
| E-cadherin and actin filaments |
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Term
| What is another word for macula adherens |
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Definition
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Term
| How are desmosomes (macula adherens) composed? |
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Definition
| Cadherins bind to dense plaque (desmoplakin, plakoglobin), which ar ebond to keratin intermediate filaments |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pores (connexons made up of connexins) that allow for molecules and ions to pass between cells |
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Term
| What is one main difference between desmosome and hemidesmosome |
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Definition
| Desmosome connects adjacent cells. Hemidesmosome connects a cell to the basal lamina |
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Term
| Bundles of what interact with focal adhesions? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does epithelium connect to connective tissue below? |
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Definition
| Via basement membrane, which is a band of connective tissue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Part of the basement membrane but only visible by EM. It is directly below the plasma membrane of the epithelium. It contains the lamina lucida and lamina densa. |
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Term
| Type of collagen in lamina fibroreticularis (basement membrane) |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| barrel shaped structures formed of triplets of microtubules that originate from centrioles and serves as a base for cilia. |
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Term
| organization of the axoneme in cilia |
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Definition
| 9 + 2 microtubles. Central microtubule pair encircled by 9 peripheral microtubule doublets |
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Term
| Motor protein attached to microtubule dimers in the axoneme/cilia |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Protrudes from the A microtubule subunit that maintains the proper distance between microtubule doublets in the axoneme |
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Term
| Average diameter of cilia and microvilli |
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Definition
| cilia is 0.2 um and microvilli is 0.1 um |
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Term
|
Definition
| lack dynein arms and the microtubule central pair. they are not motile |
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Term
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Definition
| epithelial components or working part of gland including secretory cells and cells that form ducts |
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Term
|
Definition
| connective tissue components or all the supportive structure that holds the gland together, including capsule and walls or septa and reticular fibers that surround the epithelial parts |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| multiple celled exocrine glands |
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Definition
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|
Term
| classifications of exocrine glands based on shape of secretory region |
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Definition
| tubular, alcinar (alveolar), tubuloalveolar |
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|
Term
| classification of exocrine glands based on duct system |
|
Definition
simple - does not branch
compound - branches |
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Term
| classification of exocrine glands based on type of secretion and histological appearance of nucleus and cytoplasm |
|
Definition
serous glands (serous acinus)
mucous glands
mixed glands |
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Term
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Definition
| produce not heavily glycosylated glycoproteins, secrete enzymes, may have secretory granules. round nuclei. secreted product region is eosinophilic, cytoplasmic basophilia near the nuclei |
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Term
|
Definition
| secrete heavily glycosylated glycoproteins. nuclei are flattened towards the basal surface. cytoplasm is very vacuolated and very eosinophilic. |
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Term
| mixed glands (serous demilunes) |
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Definition
| has a mucous portion and a serous portion. |
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